Soil Structural Disturbance Effects on Crop Yields and Soil Properties in a No-Till Production System

Soil crust strength influences seedling emergence, penetration and morphology of plant roots, and, consequently, crop yields. A study was carried out to assess the role of different soil properties on crust strength atHisar, Haryana, India. The soil samples from 0-5 and 5-15 cm depths were collected from 21 locations from farmer’s fields, having a wide range of texture.Soil propertieswere evaluated in the laboratory and theirinfluence on the modulus of rupture (MOR), which is the measure of crust strength, was evaluated.The MOR of texturally different soils was significantly correlated with saturated hydraulic conductivity at both the depths. Dispersion ratio was found to decrease with an increase in fineness of the texture of soil and the lowest value was recorded in silty clay loam soil,which decreased with depth. The modulus of rupture was significantly negatively correlative with the dispersion ratio.There was no role of calcium carbonate in influencing the values of MOR of soils. Similarly,the influence of pH, EC and SAR of soil solution on MOR was non-significant.A perusal of thevalues of the correlations between MOR and different soil properties showed that the MOR of soils of Haryana are positively correlated with silt + clay (r = 0.805) followed by water-stable aggregates (r = 0.774), organic carbon (r = 0.738), silt (r = 0.711), mean weight diameter (r = 0.608) and clay (r = 0.593) while negatively correlated with dispersion ratio (r = - 0.872), sand (r = -0.801) and hydraulic conductivity (r = -0.752) of soils.

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Corrigendum to: Conservation agriculture effects on soil properties and crop productivity in a semiarid region of India

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/sr18145_co ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

pp. 200 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. Somasundaram ◽

M. Salikram ◽

N. K. Sinha ◽

M. Mohanty ◽

R. S. Chaudhary ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Management Practices ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

Soil Layer ◽

Conservation Agriculture ◽

Semiarid Region ◽

Reduced Tillage ◽

Organic C ◽

Residue Retention

Conservation agriculture (CA) including reduced or no-tillage and crop residue retention, is known to be a self–sustainable system as well as an alternative to residue burning. The present study evaluated the effect of reduced tillage coupled with residue retention under different cropping systems on soil properties and crop yields in a Vertisol of a semiarid region of central India. Two tillage systems – conventional tillage (CT) with residue removed, and reduced tillage (RT) with residue retained – and six major cropping systems of this region were examined after 3 years of experimentation. Results demonstrated that soil moisture content, mean weight diameter, percent water stable aggregates (>0.25mm) for the 0–15cm soil layer were significantly (Pmoderately labile>less labile. At the 0–15cm depth, the contributions of moderately labile, less labile and non-labile C fractions to total organic C were 39.3%, 10.3% and 50.4% respectively in RT and corresponding values for CT were 38.9%, 11.7% and 49.4%. Significant differences in different C fractions were observed between RT and CT. Soil microbial biomass C concentration was significantly higher in RT than CT at 0–15cm depth. The maize–chickpea cropping system had significantly (P–1 followed by soybean+pigeon pea (2:1) intercropping (3.50 t ha–1) and soybean–wheat cropping systems (2.97 t ha–1). Thus, CA practices could be sustainable management practices for improving soil health and crop yields of rainfed Vertisols in these semiarid regions.

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Carbon dioxide flush as a soil health indicator related to soil properties and crop yields

Soil Science Society of America Journal ◽

10.1002/saj2.20288 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Upendra M. Sainju ◽

Daniel Liptzin ◽

Sadikshya M. Dangi

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Soil Health ◽

Health Indicator

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Biochar Improves Maize Growth but Has a Limited Effect on Soil Properties: Evidence from a Three-Year Field Experiment

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13073617 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 3617

Author(s):

Agnieszka Medyńska-Juraszek ◽

Agnieszka Latawiec ◽

Jolanta Królczyk ◽

Adam Bogacz ◽

Dorota Kawałko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Temperature ◽

Field Experiment ◽

Soil Properties ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Temperate Climate ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Maize Growth ◽

Chemical Soil ◽

Physical And Chemical

Biochar application is reported as a method for improving physical and chemical soil properties, with a still questionable impact on the crop yields and quality. Plant productivity can be affected by biochar properties and soil conditions. High efficiency of biochar application was reported many times for plant cultivation in tropical and arid climates; however, the knowledge of how the biochar affects soils in temperate climate zones exhibiting different properties is still limited. Therefore, a three-year-long field experiment was conducted on a loamy Haplic Luvisol, a common arable soil in Central Europe, to extend the laboratory-scale experiments on biochar effectiveness. A low-temperature pinewood biochar was applied at the rate of 50 t h−1, and maize was selected as a tested crop. Biochar application did not significantly impact the chemical soil properties and fertility of tested soil. However, biochar improved soil physical properties and water retention, reducing plant water stress during hot dry summers, and thus resulting in better maize growth and higher yields. Limited influence of the low-temperature biochar on soil properties suggests the crucial importance of biochar-production technology and biochar properties on the effectiveness and validity of its application in agriculture.

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HERBICIDES FOR FORAGE CORN NO-TILL SEEDED INTO CEREAL STUBBLE

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps83-023 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 63 (1) ◽

pp. 235-241 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. A. IVANY ◽

J. R. ENMAN

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Weed Control ◽

Prince Edward Island ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Taraxacum Officinale ◽

Plant Population ◽

No Till ◽

Herbicide Treatment ◽

Forage Yields

Forage corn (Zea mays L.) was grown successfully in Prince Edward Island by no-till planting the corn into standing cereal stubble 15–20 cm tall using a Buffalo no-till seeder. Planting with the slot-type shoe in a preliminary experiment in 1978 gave better forage yields than planting with a slice-type shoe mainly because of better plant population achieved. Subsequent experiments in 1979–1981 using the slot-type shoe to no-till plant corn in cereal stubble gave good forage yields when adequate weed control was provided with herbicide treatment. Best control of quackgrass (Agropyron repens L. Beauv.) and dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Weber) and crop yields was achieved with glyphosate + atrazine (1.5 + 2.5 kg a.i./ha) or amitrole + atrazine (3.4 + 2.5 kg a.i./ha) applied preemergence after seeding corn and before corn emergence. Control of quack grass and dandelion with glyphosate or amitrole used alone ranged from 71–80%, but paraquat alone did not provide any weed control. Addition of atrazine to paraquat, glyphosate, or amitrole gave improved control of quackgrass and dandelion and higher forage corn yields. Addition of 2.5 kg a.i./ha atrazine gave better results than use of 1.0 kg a.i./ha of atrazine.Key words: Forage corn, no-till seeding, glyphosate, atrazine, aminotriazole, paraquat

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Comparing the Ability of Multiple Soil Sensors to Predict Soil Properties in a Scottish Potato Production System

Proximal Soil Sensing ◽

10.1007/978-90-481-8859-8_33 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 387-396 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

J. A. Taylor ◽

M. Short ◽

A.B. McBratney ◽

J. Wilson

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Production System ◽

Potato Production ◽

Soil Sensors

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Improvement in Chemical Attributes of Oxisol Subsoil and Crop Yields under No‐Till

Agronomy Journal ◽

10.2134/agronj2013.0031 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 105 (5) ◽

pp. 1393-1403 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

D. Dalla Nora ◽

T. J. C. Amado

Keyword(s):

Crop Yields ◽

No Till ◽

Chemical Attributes

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Influence of Weed Management Practices and Crop Rotation on Glyphosate-Resistant Horseweed (Conyza canadensis) Population Dynamics and Crop Yield-Years III and IV

Weed Science ◽

10.1614/ws-09-006.1 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 57 (4) ◽

pp. 417-426 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Vince M. Davis ◽

Kevin D. Gibson ◽

Thomas T. Bauman ◽

Stephen C. Weller ◽

William G. Johnson

Keyword(s):

Population Dynamics ◽

Crop Rotation ◽

Crop Yield ◽

Cover Crops ◽

Weed Management ◽

Management Practices ◽

Plant Density ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Management Systems ◽

No Till

Horseweed is an increasingly common and problematic weed in no-till soybean production in the eastern cornbelt due to the frequent occurrence of biotypes resistant to glyphosate. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of crop rotation, winter wheat cover crops (WWCC), residual non-glyphosate herbicides, and preplant application timing on the population dynamics of glyphosate-resistant (GR) horseweed and crop yield. A field study was conducted from 2003 to 2007 in a no-till field located at a site that contained a moderate infestation of GR horseweed (approximately 1 plant m−2). The experiment was a split-plot design with crop rotation (soybean–corn or soybean–soybean) as main plots and management systems as subplots. Management systems were evaluated by quantifying in-field horseweed plant density, seedbank density, and crop yield. Horseweed densities were collected at the time of postemergence applications, 1 mo after postemergence (MAP) applications, and at the time of crop harvest or 4 MAP. Viable seedbank densities were also evaluated from soil samples collected in the fall following seed rain. Soybean–corn crop rotation reduced in-field and seedbank horseweed densities vs. continuous soybean in the third and fourth yr of this experiment. Preplant herbicides applied in the spring were more effective at reducing horseweed plant densities than when applied in the previous fall. Spring-applied, residual herbicide systems were the most effective at reducing season-long in-field horseweed densities and protecting crop yields since the growth habit of horseweed in this region is primarily as a summer annual. Management systems also influenced the GR and glyphosate-susceptible (GS) biotype population structure after 4 yr of management. The most dramatic shift was from the initial GR : GS ratio of 3 : 1 to a ratio of 1 : 6 after 4 yr of residual preplant herbicide use followed by non-glyphosate postemergence herbicides.

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Wood Ash Improved Soil Properties and Crop Yield for Nine Years and Saved Fertilizer

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v7n12p72 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (12) ◽

pp. 72 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kabal S. Gill ◽

Sukhdev S. Malhi ◽

Newton Z. Lupwayi

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Crop Production ◽

Soil Acidity ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Wood Ash ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Residual Effects ◽

Contribution Margin ◽

Seed Yields

<p>Wood ash may be used to mitigate soil acidity and improve crop production. We compared effects of wood ash and recommended fertilizers on soil properties of a Gray Luivsol, crop yields and contribution margins in southeast Peace, Alberta, Canada. The CHK (no fertilizer, inoculation or wood ash), FRT (recommended fertilizers or inoculation), ASH (wood ash rate to supply amounts of phosphorus equivalent to the FRT treatment); and ASH+N (same as ASH + N fertilizer or inoculation) treatments were applied in 2006 and 2007. Their effects were studied from 2006 to 2014. Wood ash had all the essential plant nutrients, except nitrogen. Soil samples collected in 2007, 2008 and 2013 had or tended to have higher pH, P, K, Ca, Ca:Mg ratio, S, Cu, Zn and B levels for the ASH and ASH+N treatments than the CHK and FRT treatments. In the 2006 and 2007, the seed yields were ASH+N > FRT > ASH > CHK. The seed yields in 2008, 2010, 2012, 2013 and 2014 were greater from both the wood ash treatments than other treatments. Extra contribution margin from the ASH+N over the FRT treatment was $751/ha, i.e. $97 Mg<sup>-1</sup> of applied wood ash. Overall, wood ash reduced fertilizer expenditure and improved seed yield, contribution margin and soil properties, with residual effects observed up to seven years and likely for few more years.</p>

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