Yield, Chemical Composition and Ruminal Fermentability of Corn Whole Plant, Ear, and Stover as Affected by Maturity

jpa ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Hunt ◽  
W. Kezar ◽  
R. Vinande
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Whole Plant

scholarly journals Effects of the Harvest Stage of Maize Hybrids on the Chemical Composition of Plant Fractions: An Analysis of the Different Types of Silage

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 786
Author(s):  
Egon Henrique Horst ◽  
Valter Harry Bumbieris Junior ◽  
Mikael Neumann ◽  
Secundino López
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Important Distinction ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Acid Detergent Lignin ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Grain Formation ◽  
Early Harvest

The chemical composition of plant components of three maize hybrids harvested at the beginning of six reproductive stages of maturity was compared. The hybrids evaluated included Maximus VIP3, Defender VIP and Feroz VIP, which were evaluated at each of following stages: R1 (grain formation), R2 (milky grain), R3 (pasty grain), R4 (floury grain), R5 (hard grain) and R6 (ripe grain). The advancement in maturation was linearly related to the crude protein (CP) content of the stem, whole plant, and leaves, and there was a difference among the hybrids. Between R4 and R5 stages, Maximus and Defender presented the highest CP contents for husk (6.58 and 5.42% for Maximus; 5.54 and 5.17% for Defender). The neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of the leaves showed a quadratic relationship with the advancement of maturation but did not differ among the hybrids. For all the hybrids, the NDF content in the husk and cobs increased linearly during the reproductive stages (>77 and 78%, respectively, for the three hybrids in R6). Defender had the lowest NDF content of the cob in R3. The acid detergent lignin contents did not differ among stages in the stems, and showed a linear decrease throughout the whole plant, though the contents did not differ among the hybrids. Due to the differences observed, recommendations for harvest based on the maturity stage for each hybrid should be taken into consideration. There seems to be no important distinction among hybrids for harvesting and use of straw. Despite the reduction in grain yield, an early harvest for earlage or snaplage can provide lower lignin content in husk and cob, as well as higher protein content in the husk, favoring the nutritional value of the vegetative fraction (husk and/or cob).

Growth and chemical composition of white clover as affected by sulphur supply

1959 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 500 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Sulphate Sulphur ◽  
Trifolium Repens L ◽  
Four Levels

Plants of white clover (Trifolium repens L. var. Ladino) were grown in sand culture with four levels of sulphur supply. Growth increased with increasing sulphur supply, all plants except those at the highest sulphur level showing deficiency symptoms. As the severity of the deficiency increased, the root system formed a proportionately larger part of the plant, and the stems and petioles smaller proportions; the proportion of the whole plant formed by the laminae was reduced to only a slight extent. Nitrogen and sulphur fractions were examined in the laminae, nitrogen at each of three harvests and sulphur at the second harvest. The percentages of protein nitrogen and of total nitrogen increased as sulphur supply increased, protein nitrogen forming a greater proportion of the total nitrogen at the higher sulphur levels. In contrast, protein sulphur formed the bulk of the total sulphur in deficient plants, but as sulphur supply approached an adequate level for growth, there was a marked increase in non-protein organic sulphur and a smaller increase in sulphate sulphur. In this respect, white clover appears to differ from legumes other than Trifolium spp. and from non-legumes, all of which accumulate sulphur mainly as sulphate.

scholarly journals Chemical composition of whole plant and grain and yield of nutrients in grain of five barley cultivars

1986 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. i-i
Author(s):  
A. C. Dick ◽  
S. S. Malhi ◽  
P. A. O'Sullivan ◽  
D. R. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Whole Plant

Prediction of Chemical Composition in Sunflower Whole Plant and Silage (Helianthus Annus L.) by near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fassio ◽  
A. Gimenez ◽  
E. Fernandez ◽  
D. Vaz Martins ◽  
D. Cozzolino
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Calibration Models

The aim of this study was to investigate the potential use of near infrared (NIR) reflectance spectroscopy to predict chemical composition in both sunflower whole plant (WPSun) and sunflower silage (SunS). Samples of both WPSun ( n = 73) and SunS ( n = 50) were analysed by reference method and scanned in reflectance using a NIR monochromator instrument (400–2500 nm). Calibration models were developed between NIR data and reference values for dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ash, acid detergent fibre (ADFom), neutral detergent fibre (aNDFom), in vitro organic matter digestibility (OMD), ether extract (EE) and pH using partial least squares regression (PLS). Due to the limited number of samples full cross-validation was used to test the calibration models. The best correlations (R 2cal) and lowest standard errors in cross-validation (SECV) were obtained for DM (R 2cal > 0.82, SECV: 27.0 and 35.8 g kg−1), CP (R 2cal> 0.85, SECV: 9.9 and 10.1 g kg−1) and ash (R2cal> 0.85, SECV 11.2 and 8.2 g kg−1) in both WPSun and SunS samples, respectively. For ADFom, aNDFom and OMD the calibrations were considered to be poor (R 2cal < 0.85). In SunS samples a good correlation was found for EE (R 2cal = 0.94, SECV: 15.3 g kg−1).

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