Comparisons of Corn ( Zea mays L.) Inbreds and Hybrids Grown at Equal Leaf Area Index, Light Penetration, and Population 1

Crop Science ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Johnson ◽  
J. W. Tanner
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Light Penetration ◽  
Area Index

RESPOSTAS MORFOAGRONÔMICAS DE MILHO SUBMETIDO A DESFOLHA ARTIFICIAL

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 460
Author(s):  
EMERSON TROGELLO ◽  
LUAN FERREIRA BORGES ◽  
FÁBIO ARAÚJO DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
QUÉZIA SANCHES MUTAGUTI ◽  
INGRID GOMIDES BARROS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Plant Removal ◽  
And Control ◽  
Different Levels

RESUMO - O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as características morfoagronômicas do híbrido simples de milho em função da aplicação de diferentes intensidades de desfolha artificial, realizadas no estádio R1 de desenvolvimento. O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental do Instituto Federal Goiano,em Morrinhos-GO, na safra 2015/2016. Foi aplicado o delineamento de blocos completamente casualizados, com oito tratamentos e quatro repetições, sendo eles: remoção de uma folha acima e uma abaixo da espiga; remoção de duas folhas acima e abaixo da espiga; remoção de três folhas acima e abaixo da espiga; remoção de todas as folhas da planta; remoção de todas as folhas acima da espiga; remoção de todas as folhas abaixo da espiga; remoção da folha da espiga; e testemunha sem desfolha. Os caracteres avaliados foram: estande de plantas, número de plantas acamadas, prolificidade, densidade de colmo, comprimento e diâmetro de espiga, comprimento de grão, massa de mil grãos, massa de grãos espiga-1 e produtividade. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância pelo teste F a 5% de probabilidade, observando que todas as variáveis avaliadas foram influenciadas quanto aos efeitos dos tratamentos empregados. O enchimento dos grãos esteve intimamente relacionado à fotossíntese. Sem as folhas, esta fase ficou plenamente comprometida.Palavras-chave: Zea mays, fotoassimilados, translocação, índice de área foliar, rendimento. MORPHOAGRONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF MAIZE AS A FUNCTION OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF ARTIFICIAL DEFOLIATION  ABSTRACT - The objective of this study was to evaluate of morphoagronomic characteristics of simple hybrids of maize, depending on the application of different intensities of artificial defoliation, carried out in R1, when the style-stigma were fertilized. The experiment was conducted in an experimental area of the Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Morrinhos, State of Goiás, Brazil, during the agricultural year 2015/2016. We applied the design of completely randomized block with eight treatments, in four replications: removal of a leaf above and one below the ear; removal of two leaves above and below the ear; removal of three leaves above and below the ear; removal of all leaves of the plant; removal of all leaves above the ear; removal of all leaves below the ear; removal of the leaf of the ear; and control without defoliation. The traits evaluated were stand of plants, number of plant lodging, prolificacy, density, length and diameter of the cob, length of a grain, weight of a thousand grains, grain mass cob-1 and productivity. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance by F test at 5% probability, noting that all variables were influenced as to the effects of the treatments used. The filling of grains is closely related to photosynthesis. Without the leaves, this phase was fully damaged.Keywords: Zea mays L., photoassimilates, translocation, leaf area index, yield.

scholarly journals Changes in plant density dependence of leaf photosynthesis of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids, 1959 to 1988

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Dwyer ◽  
D. W. Stewart ◽  
M. Tollenaar
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Leaf Photosynthesis ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Photosynthetic Rates ◽  
Plant Densities

Understanding of the physiological basis for increased maize (Zea mays L.) yields over the last three decades may contribute to future genetic improvement. Recent maize production systems have tended to increase plant densities to maximize grain yield. The objective of this field study was to determine if there were changes in the response of leaf photosynthetic rates to increasing plant densities in four hybrids grown in Ontario from 1959 to 1989. The four hybrids, numbered from the oldest to most recent hybrid ((1) Pride 5, (2) United 106, (3) Pioneer 3978 and (4) Pioneer 3902) were grown at 20 000, 80 000 and 130 000 plants ha−1. Leaf photosynthetic response to irradiance (PRI) and crop growth rate (CGR) were measured near silking and during late grainfilling, leaf area index (LAI) was measured near silking and total grain yield was measured after maturity. The LAIs of recent hybrids tended to be larger than for old hybrids at comparable plant densities. Leaf photosynthetic rates declined in all hybrids at increasing densities, but the decline occurred at lower LAIs in the older hybrids. As a result, despite the higher LAIs of recent hybrids, they showed an equal or higher PRI at all plant densities. The higher PRI of recent hybrids was correlated with higher CGRs and grain yields. These results suggest that increases in optimum plant density for grain and increases in yield may be attributable, in part, to higher PRI at elevated LAIs in recent hybrids. Key words: Leaf area index, plant density, leaf photosynthesis, Zea mays L.

scholarly journals Effects of Variable Nitrogen Source and Rate on Leaf Area Index and Total Dry Matter Accumulation in Maize (Zea mays L.) Genotypes under Calcareous So

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahen SHAH ◽  
Zahir SHAH ◽  
Shad Khan KHALAIL ◽  
Amanullah JAN ◽  
Muhammad Tariq JAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Area Index

scholarly journals Improving indirect measurements of the leaf area index using canopy height

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Ortega Gonçalves ◽  
Evandro Henrique Figueiredo Moura da Silva ◽  
Letícia Gonçalves Gasparotto ◽  
Juliano Mantelatto Rosa ◽  
Stephanie do Carmo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Canopy Height ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Indirect Measurements ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Strong Positive Relationship

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of plant height as a calibration variable for improving indirect measurements of the leaf area index (LAI). Three experiments were conducted with different crops - corn (Zea mays), soybean (Glycine max), and sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) -, to compare the performance of the LAI measured indirectly (LAIind) and corrected by the calibration variable with the LAI measured directly (LAIref). Without the proposed correction, the LAIind tended to be overestimated by 20%, on average, compared with the LAIref, for the three crops. After crop height was used to adjust the LAIind, a strong positive relationship was observed between the LAIref and the corrected LAIind (R2 = 0.96); overestimation was reduced to 4% and the root-mean-square error decreased to 0.35 m2 m-2. The variable canopy height is promising for the correction of the LAI of the soybean, corn, and sugarcane crops.

scholarly journals Growth and Leaf Area Index Simulation in Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Under Small-Scale Farm Conditions in a Sub-Saharan African Region

2013 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 575-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Claude Lukombo Lukeba ◽  
Roger Kizungu Vumilia ◽  
Kabwe C. K. Nkongolo ◽  
Moïse Lufuluabo Mwabila ◽  
Mbungu Tsumbu
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
African Region ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Growth and Yield Stability of Maize Varieties (Zea mays L.) as Affected by Different Rates of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Cow Dung in Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 94-103
Author(s):  
I. Audu ◽  
R. Idris
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Maize Varieties

A field experiment to study the growth and yield stability of maize varieties (Zea mays L.) to different rates of nitrogen fertilizer and cow dung in Mubi Adamawa State, Nigeria was conducted in 2014 and 2015 cropping seasons at the Food and Agricultural Organization/Tree crops Plantation (FAO/TCP) Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Adamawa State University Mubi. Two maize varieties; viz. Quality Protein Maize (QPM) and Extra Early White (EEW) were selected for sowing. They were assigned to the main plots and nitrogen with cow dung assigned to the subplots in a factorial combination with nitrogen at the rates of 0, 60 and 120 kg N ha-1 and cow dung at 0, 1- and 2-ton ha-1 in split plot design. Data were collected on plant height, leaf area per plant, leaf area index and grain yield per hectare. Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance and treatment means were separated using Duncan Multiple Range Test. The result showed that EEW had the highest plant height (190.77 cm), higher leaf area per plant (535.6 cm2) and leaf area index (0.40 cm) than QPM. The effect of nitrogen fertilizer on the growth and yield parameters increased as the nitrogen fertilizer was increased. 120kg N ha-1 gave the highest plant height (195.68 cm) and grain yield (5658.3 kg). The control plot produced the least; 164.77 cm (plant height) and 2662.50 kg ha-1 (grain yield). Application of 1ton ha-1 cow dung exhibited the highest plant height, (95.00 cm), leaf area per plant (518.91 cm2) and leaf area index (0.37 cm). There was an interaction of variety with nitrogen on plant height and grain yield. High interaction of variety with cow dung on plant height and leaf area per plant was recorded. There was an interaction of nitrogen with cow dung on plant height, leaf area per plant and leaf area index. However, there was an interaction of variety with nitrogen and cow dung on plant height, leaf area per plant and leaf area index. Application of 120 kg N ha-1 significantly increased the yield of QPM maize along with 2-ton ha-1 of cow dung.

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