EFFECT OF SOYBEAN STEM GROWTH HABIT ON HEIGHT AND NODE NUMBER AFTER BEGINNING BLOOM IN THE MIDSOUTHERN USA

Abstract Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] is one of the most important legume crops and its plant height (PH) is one significant quantitative trait closely related to node number (NN) and internode length (IL) on the main stem, which affect yield together. In this study, we used a recombinant inbred line (RIL) derived from a cross between two semi-determinate stem soybean varieties (Dt1Dt1Dt2Dt2), JKK378 and HXW. A consistent QTL named qPH18 simultaneously controlling PH, NN, and IL was identified, in which this region harbors the semi-determinant gene, Dt2. Sequencing of the promoter of Dt2 from JKK378, identified three polymorphisms relative to HXW, including two SNPs and a 18bp Indel. The expression level of Dt2 in qPH18JKK378 group was lower than that in qPH18HXW group, meanwhile, as a downstream gene, the expression of Dt1 from two groups showed a contrary tendency. Transient transfection assay confirmed that the promoter activity of Dt2 from JKK378 is lower compared to HXW. We speculate that the polymorphisms in the two dominant Dt2 promoter caused difference in expression level of Dt2 and its downstream gene Dt1, hence, affect PH, NN, IL, and grain weight per plant without changing stem growth habit. Compared to PH18HXW allele, qPH18JKK378 allele suppresses the expression of Dt2 gene which releases the expression of Dt1, thus promotes plant node number and enhanced grain yield. These results will be helpful for revealing the mechanism underlying the node number and plant height, the soybean materials and molecular marker will facilitate molecule breeding.

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Evidence for the involvement of jasmonic acid in the control of the stem-growth habit of soybean plants

Physiologia Plantarum ◽

10.1034/j.1399-3054.1991.830104.x ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 83 (1) ◽

pp. 22-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yasunori Koda ◽

Koichi Yoshida ◽

Yoshio Kikuta

Keyword(s):

Jasmonic Acid ◽

Growth Habit ◽

Stem Growth ◽

Soybean Plants

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Initiation, Development and Anatomy of Lignotubers in Some Species of Eucalyptus

Australian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1071/bt9840415 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 415 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

DJ Carr ◽

R Jahnke ◽

SGM Carr

Keyword(s):

Analytical Study ◽

Growth Habit ◽

Stem Growth ◽

Morphological Development ◽

Alternative Pathways ◽

Stem Wood ◽

Initial Survey ◽

And Performance ◽

Lateral Fusion ◽

Taxonomic Groups

An initial survey of the diversity of early lignotuber development in Eucalyptus and an analytical study of the anatomy of young lignotubers and the seedling stem are presented. Studies of the early stages of the morphological development of the lignotuber in 13 species, representative of five taxonomic groups, resulted in the recognition of four modes of lignotuber initiation. The importance to lignotuber formation of the presence of a suite of accessory buds, adaxial to the axillary bud, is emphasized but lignotuber initiation is not in all cases associated with these buds. Lignotuber buds are derived by branching from existing buds, ultimately from the accessory buds of the node. Following its initiation, the possibilities of later morphological development of the lignotuber are discussed. Lignotuber growth may dominate over stem growth and the lignotubers at a node may then fuse laterally to encircle the stem. Stem growth, on the other hand, may dominate over lignotuber growth and the lignotuber then appears to regress. The consequences for the growth habit of the plant of these alternative pathways of development are outlined. The wood of young lignotubers (and that of the swollen hypocotyl) is shown to be different in composition and in the sizes of its elements from that of seedling stem wood; these differences owe their origin to differences in the nature and performance of the cambia of the lignotuber and stem. In lateral fusion of the lignotubers at a node, and their upward and downwards extension over the stem, e.g. over the hypocotyl, stem cambial initials are either progressively lost or, more likely, converted to lignotuber-type initials. The possibility of the reverse process occumng in stem dominance is discussed.

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Stem growth habit affects leaf morphology and gas exchange traits in soybean

Annals of Botany ◽

10.1093/aob/mcp240 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 104 (7) ◽

pp. 1293-1299 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Yu Tanaka ◽

Tatsuhiko Shiraiwa

Keyword(s):

Gas Exchange ◽

Leaf Morphology ◽

Growth Habit ◽

Stem Growth

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A taxonomic revision of the late Paleozoic lyginopterid, Sphenopteridium germanicum, and description of its globose-stem growth habit

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology ◽

10.1016/j.revpalbo.2021.104591 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 104591

Author(s):

William A. DiMichele ◽

Hans Kerp ◽

Spencer G. Lucas ◽

Dan S. Chaney

Keyword(s):

Growth Habit ◽

Taxonomic Revision ◽

Stem Growth ◽

Late Paleozoic

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Molecular mechanisms of flowering under long days and stem growth habit in soybean

Journal of Experimental Botany ◽

10.1093/jxb/erw394 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. erw394 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Dong Cao ◽

Ryoma Takeshima ◽

Chen Zhao ◽

Baohui Liu ◽

Abe Jun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Growth Habit ◽

Stem Growth

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Determinate growth habit of grain legumes: role in domestication and selection, genetic control

Ecological genetics ◽

10.17816/ecogen16141 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ekaterina Krylova ◽

Elena Khlestkina ◽

Marina Burlyaeva ◽

Margarita Vishnyakova

Keyword(s):

Common Bean ◽

Growth Habit ◽

Molecular Genetic ◽

Grain Legumes ◽

Stem Growth ◽

Shoot Meristem ◽

Cultivated Plants ◽

Genetic Mechanisms ◽

Determinate Growth ◽

Determinate Growth Habit

This review is devoted to the analysis of molecular genetic mechanisms of controlling the type of growth habit of grain legumes (pea, soybean, common bean, vigna); it provides information on the known homologous genes TFL1, LFY, AP1, FUL, FT, and FD. Significant changes in plant architecture were during domestication of grain legumes. Many wild relatives of legumes are characterized by an indeterminate growth habit type, cultivated plants are characterized by indeterminate and determinate types. In plants with a determinate growth habit type, terminal inflorescence is formed at transition from the vegetative phase to the reproductive phase. These plants are characterized by a complex of features: simultaneous maturation of beans, resistance to lodging, etc. In indeterminate type of growth habit, the apical shoot meristem remains active during plant life. The main genes responsible for the plant transition to flowering are the homologs of the Arabidopsis genes LFY, TFL1, AP1. TFL1 gene is responsible for maintaining of growth of the shoot apical meristem; its homologs were identified in pea (PsTFL1a), soybean (Dt1/ GmTfl1), common bean (PvTFL1y), cowpea (VuTFL1). The identification and characterization of the genes responsible for the type of stem growth habit are necessary for the successful selection of modern varieties suitable for mechanized cultivation. Design of molecular markers that diagnose this important breeding trait at early plant development stages, will help determine the type of stem growth habit.

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EDIBLE PINK-FRUITED TOMATO (LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM MILL. CONVAR. ESCULENTUM VAR. ROSEUM KHRAP.): SOURCE MATERIAL FOR BREEDING

10.30901/978-5-907145-55-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

I.A. KHRAPALOVA ◽

Keyword(s):

Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽

Growth Habit ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Fruit Shape ◽

Stem Growth ◽

Local Varieties ◽

Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill ◽

Inflorescence Morphology ◽

Botanical Classification

This catalogue contains a description of morphological, biological and useful agronomic traits in 153 accessions of cultivated edible tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) with pink fruits from the VIR collection. The data were obtained in the course of many years in winter rack glasshouses and plastic greenhouses at Pushkin and Pavlovsk Laboratories of VIR (St. Petersburg). The catalogue has been intended to help breeders, researchers, experts and farmers in gaining knowledge about pink-fruited tomato genetic resources that have been accumulated in the VIR collection for almost a hundred years. Cultivars developed through scientific breeding and local varieties are quite diverse in their earliness, fruit shape and size, stem growth habit and pattern, leaf and inflorescence morphology, etc. Their diversity described in the catalogue has been systemized in accordance with the botanical classification developed by the author of the catalogue on the basis of long-term research into the collection.

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