scholarly journals Forest Soil Disturbance: Implications of Factors Contributing to the Wildland Fire Nexus

2019 ◽  
Vol 83 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel G. Neary
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Wildland Fire ◽  
Soil Disturbance

Environmental and chemical factors regulating methane oxidation in a New Zealand forest soil

Soil Research ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally J. Price ◽  
Francis M. Kelliher ◽  
Robert R. Sherlock ◽  
Kevin R. Tate ◽  
Leo M. Condron
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Oxidation Rate ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Great Sensitivity ◽  
Ch4 Oxidation ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
Very High

Tropospheric methane (CH4) is oxidised by soil microbes called methanotrophs. We examined them in soil samples from a pristine Nothofagus forest located in New Zealand. Laboratory incubations indicated the presence of high-affinity methanotrophs that displayed Michaelis–Menton kinetics (Km = 8.4 µL/L where Km is the substrate concentration at half the maximal rate). When the soil was dried from its field capacity water content of 0.34 to 0.16 m3/m3, CH4 oxidation rate increased nearly 7-fold. The methanotrophs were thus metabolically poised for very high activity, but substrate availability was commonly limiting. When water content was held constant, CH4 oxidation rate nearly doubled as temperature increased from 5 to 12°C, a range found in the forest. By contrast, CH4 oxidation rate did not change much from 12 to 30°C, and it was zero at 35°C. When water content and temperature were held constant, the optimal soil pH for CH4 oxidation was 4.4, as found in the forest. Soil disturbance by nitrogen (N) and non-N salt amendment decreased CH4 oxidation rate, but this depended on the amendment species and concentration. The methanotrophs were adapted to native conditions and exhibited a great sensitivity to disturbance.

Effects of sulfometuron on hay-scented fern spore emergence

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 942-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Groninger ◽  
Larry H. McCormick
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Reproduction ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Greenhouse Experiment ◽  
Forest Stands

A greenhouse experiment was conducted to examine the effects of the herbicide sulfometuron on hay-scented fern (Dennstaedtiapunctilobula (Michx.) Moore) spore emergence. Sulfometuron was applied at rates ranging from 0.025 to 0.21 kg active ingredient per hectare to forest soil inoculated with hay-scented fern spores. Emergence based on the occurrence of prothalli was evaluated 30, 37, 44, and 52 days after inoculation. Sulfometuron at all rates completely controlled spore emergence. The data suggest that applications of sulfometuron could be effective in preventing the sexual reproduction of ferns in forest stands following soil disturbance.

Forest soil disturbance intervals inferred from soil charcoal radiocarbon dates

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 2514-2518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel G Gavin
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Organic Horizon ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Soil Charcoal ◽  
Old Growth Forest ◽  
Soil Disturbances ◽  
Tree Uprooting

Forest soil disturbance intervals are usually too long to measure using plot-based studies, and thus they are poorly understood. The mean soil disturbance interval (MSDI) in an old-growth forest on the west coast of Vancouver Island was estimated from radiocarbon dates of charcoal from organic and mineral soil horizons. Two assumptions are required to estimate the MSDI: (1) charcoal from forest fires is deposited within the organic horizon and eventually mixed into deeper mineral horizons by soil disturbances, and (2) the probability of soil disturbance is spatially homogeneous and affected only by the time since the last fire or the last soil disturbance. The MSDI is then estimated by the rate at which the proportion of undisturbed sample sites (determined by the proportion of sites with charcoal from the most recent fire in the organic horizon) decreases with increasing time since the last fire. Soil charcoal evidence of time since fire was determined at 83 sites using 141 radiocarbon dates. The estimated MSDI was greater on slopes (ca. 2010 years) than on terraces (ca. 920 years). The long periods between soil disturbances, especially on slopes, are consistent with other evidence from the study area that suggests infrequent tree uprooting is the predominant mode of soil disturbance.

Forest Soil Disturbance Monitoring Protocol: Volume I: Rapid assessment

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah S. Page-Dumroese ◽  
Ann M. Abbott ◽  
Thomas M. Rice
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Monitoring Protocol

Assessing Forest Soil Disturbance through Biogenic Gas Fluxes

1996 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 291-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Dulohery ◽  
Lawrence A. Morris ◽  
Richard Lowrance
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Biogenic Gas ◽  
Gas Fluxes

Science-based management of forest soil disturbance

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
M P Curran ◽  
D G Maynard
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Adaptive Management ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Technical Session ◽  
Forest Lands ◽  
Montreal Process

The challenge for all agencies managing public or private forest lands is to develop resource management policy and procedures based on the best available information. Science-based resource management occurs through an adaptive management process that includes three types of monitoring: implementation (compliance), effectiveness, and validation (research). Continued research, and the establishment of new trials is required to support soil conservation efforts and to investigate new concerns, such as climate change, bio-fuel harvest, and changing practices. Cooperative scientific networks and other collaborations are required to secure benefits from a common approach to soil disturbance management and reporting under various provincial/state, national and international sustainability protocols such as the Montréal Process. The technical session on Forest Soil Disturbances at the 2006 Annual Meeting of the Canadian Society of Soil Science in Banff, Alberta, is one step in collaboration, and brought together a group of experts from across Canada, and some from the United States of America, to share knowledge and experience and to discuss issues related to soil disturbance effects, policies and practices on forest lands. Selected papers are presented in this special issue on Forest Soil Disturbance, with this background paper focusing on the types of scientific support activities needed for science-based management of forest soil disturbance. Key words: Soil compaction, adaptive management, soil conservation, Montréal Process, natural resource management, monitoring

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