A Comparative Examination of Management-Based Regulation and Prescriptive Legislation: Informing Regulatory Theory Through Efficacy Analysis

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Thaw
1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (05) ◽  
pp. 0834-0838 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Schiele ◽  
Folke Lindgaerde ◽  
Henry Eriksson ◽  
Jean-Pierre Bassand ◽  
Anders Wallmark ◽  
...  

SummaryThe aim of this multicentre, prospective, randomised, dose-ranging study was to compare the safety and efficacy of subcutaneous recombinant hirudin (HBW 023) against intravenous sodium heparin in acute lower limb deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Patients were randomized to treatment with either HBW 023 or heparin for 5 ±1 days. HBW 023 was given according to body-weight in three dose groups. Thromboembolic disease was assessed by phlebography and ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) scanning on Bay 1 and Day 5±1. One hundred and fifty-five patients were enrolled, of these 121 were evaluable for efficacy analysis. Significantly fewer patients on HBW 023 developed new V/Q abnormalities during the treatment period, (p = 0.006). There was no difference between the groups in thrombus extension or regression, major bleeding complications or serious adverse events. There were significantly fewer findings of new V/Q mismatch after treatment with HBW 023, and anticoagulant control was superior in these patients.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-31
Author(s):  
Élodie Dupey García

This article explores how the Nahua of late Postclassic Mesoamerica (1200–1521 CE) created living and material embodiments of their wind god constructed on the basis of sensory experiences that shaped their conception of this divinized meteorological phenomenon. In this process, they employed chromatic and design devices, based on a wide range of natural elements, to add several layers of meaning to the human, painted, and sculpted supports dressed in the god’s insignia. Through a comparative examination of pre-Columbian visual production—especially codices and sculptures—historical sources mainly written in Nahuatl during the viceregal period, and ethnographic data on indigenous communities in modern Mexico, my analysis targets the body paint and shell jewelry of the anthropomorphic “images” of the wind god, along with the Feathered Serpent and the monkey-inspired embodiments of the deity. This study identifies the centrality of other human senses beyond sight in the conception of the wind god and the making of its earthly manifestations. Constructing these deity “images” was tantamount to creating the wind because they were intended to be visual replicas of the wind’s natural behavior. At the same time, they referred to the identity and agency of the wind god in myths and rituals.


Author(s):  
Olga Vyacheslavovna Zhukova

This article describes the rationale for methodology of comprehensive assessment of drug consumption in real clinical practice. The proposed methodology includes three stages: 1) epidemiological monitoring – disease epidemiology assessment; assessment of the role of factors leading to the disease; 2) pharmacoepidemiological monitoring – assessment of pharmacotherapy in real clinical practice; clinical efficacy analysis of drugs; cost-effectiveness analysis; 3) long-term clinical and economical evaluation of various treatment options. Comprehensive assessment of drug consumption should result in optimal pharmacotherapy regimens, decrease of the drug load, increasing of the therapy effectiveness and cost reduction. The scheme of comprehensive assessment of drug consumption is universal and can be used for clinical guidelines development, treatment standards, for the optimal formation of drugs lists at the federal level. Separate stages and sub-steps of an integrated assessment also can be used at the territorial and local levels, medical institution, to optimize pharmacotherapy.


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