The Australian Military and Its Justice System: Development, Organisation and Disciplinary Structure

The article is devoted to the state of judicial reform in Ukraine. Some regularities of the judicial system development, problematic issues of its reforming are analyzed. The directions of further transformation of the judiciary on the basis of financial independence, professional staffing and trust are outlined. The results of sociological research, which form the basis of further judicial reforms, are presented. The importance of building trust in the court as a basis for independence is identified. It is concluded that further implementation of judicial reform should take place with the maximum participation of the judiciary in this process. Particular attention is paid to the origins and need for restorative justice as an alternative to juvenile justice. The study found that restorative justice is an effective and socially acceptable form of preventive action against juvenile delinquency. Judicial reform needs to be carried out on the basis of preserving what works effectively: preserving national traditions; introduction of innovative experience of the leading countries of the world with a high level of realization of the right to a fair and professional court. And most importantly, do not turn the justice system into a testing ground for risky, politically engaged judicial experiments. Overcoming the negative processes taking place in various spheres of state power, stabilizing economic and political relations, building respect and trust in all branches of government will contribute to the gradual realization of the independence of the judiciary.

Download Full-text

Virtual Court Policy For Criminal Justice on Corona Virus Disease Pandemic

Substantive Justice International Journal of Law ◽

10.33096/sjijl.v3i1.67 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 74

Author(s):

Sandhy Handika ◽

Muhammad Ibnu Fajar Rahim ◽

Rudi Pradisetia Sudirdja

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Criminal Justice ◽

Justice System ◽

Virus Disease ◽

System Development ◽

Low Cost ◽

Literature Study ◽

Conceptual Approach ◽

Corona Virus ◽

South Wales

The Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic that has plagued the world has changed the mindset, how to behave and how to act, not only in social interaction but also has influenced the law enforcement system. Development in Information Technology (IT) has found a teleconference system as a means of conducting virtual courts as a reaction to social or physical distancing movements which is one way to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Although in practice the use of a virtual court in a trial is considered capable of preventing the spread of viruses, the use of a virtual court must keep be based on applicable laws and regulations. This paper is a normative legal research with legislation approach, case approach, comparative legal approach, and conceptual approach to legal material collected through literature study and then analyzed using grammatical, systematic, and extensive interpretation methods. Based on the results of the study, several countries such as the United Kingdom, China, Australia (New South Wales) and America (New York) and Indonesia (although limited to the examination of witnesses) have applied virtual courts in the justice system. Implementation of the trial using the virtual court method by teleconference did not violate the provisions of the trial set out in the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP). According to the Draft Law KUHAP has accommodated the trial using the virtual court method as an embodiment of legal principles in the judiciary that is carried out quickly, simply, and at a low cost. The use of virtual court is not the first or primary choice in examining criminal cases in Indonesia, in abnormal emergency conditions due to the COVID-19 pandemic as it is today, an examination by the virtual court method is a solution so that the criminal justice system continues to run without reducing the efforts to prevent the spread of the virus. Trials using virtual court facilities continue to accommodate the human rights of victims, witnesses and defendants through their virtual presence so that a fair trial continues in the courtroom.

Download Full-text

The Australian Military Justice System: History, Organisation and Disciplinary Structure

Victoria University Law and Justice Journal ◽

10.15209/vulj.v6i1.1059 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

David H Denton

Keyword(s):

Justice System ◽

Disciplinary Structure ◽

Military Justice

Download Full-text

Cross-sectional TEM specimen preparation from magneto-optical disk by ultramicrotomy

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100147028 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 51 ◽

pp. 236-237

Author(s):

F. Shaapur ◽

M.J. Kim ◽

Seh Kwang Lee ◽

Soon Gwang Kim

Keyword(s):

System Development ◽

Thin Foil ◽

Specimen Preparation ◽

Material System ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Protective Layers ◽

New Material ◽

Diamond Saw ◽

Original Production ◽

Thick Medium

TEM characterization and microanalysis of the recording media is crucial and complementary to new material system development as well as quality control applications. Due to the type of material generally used for supporting the medium, i.e., a polymer, conventional macro- and microthinning procedures for thin foil preparation are not applicable. Ultramicrotorny (UM) is a viable option and has been employed in previous similar studies. In this work UM has been used for preparation of XTEM samples from a magneto-optical (MO) recording medium in its original production format.The as-received material system consisted of a 4-layer, 2100 Å thick medium including a 300 Å TbFeCo layer enveloped by silicon nitride protective layers supported on a 1.2 mm thick × 135 mm (5.25 in.) diameter polycarbonate disk. Recording tracks had an approximate pitch of 1.6 μm separated by 800 Å deep peripheral grooves. Using a Buehler Isomet low-speed diamond saw, 1 mm wide and 20 mm long strips were cut out of the disk along the recording tracks.

Download Full-text