The Effects of COVID-19 Risk Perception in Women in Their 20s and 30s on Preventive Efficiency and Beauty Health Care Behaviors

This study examines the effects of COVID-19 risk perception in women in their 20s and 30s on preventive efficiency and beauty health care behaviors. For this study, a survey was conducted on women in their 20s and 30s in Seoul and Gyeonggi region. It was distributed online from March 28 to April 28, 2021. A total of 610 questionnaires were distributed, of which 602 questionnaires were used for final analysis, excluding 8 unfaithful responses. The collected data was analyzed by using the SPSS WIN 21.0 Program, and the results of the analysis are as follows. First, the level of COVID-19 risk perception, preventive efficiency, and beauty health care behavior among women in their 20s and 30s were found to be high in the order of preventive efficiency, COVID-19 risk perception and beauty health care behavior. Second, it was found that beauty health care behavior has a high correlation of positive(+) in the order of economic, physical, and social perception in relation to COVID-19 risk perception. Third, an analysis of the effects of COVID-19 risk perception on preventive efficiency showed that the higher the social and physical perception of COVID-19 risk perception, the lower the economic perception, the higher the preventive efficiency. Fourth, an analysis of the effect of COVID-19 risk perception on beauty healthcare behavior showed that the higher the economic perception of COVID-19 risk perception, the higher the beauty health care behavior. Therefore, this study raises awareness of COVID-19, promoting preventive action. at the same time, it aims to contribute to the development of the beauty health industry by providing basic data for establishing effective beauty healthcare behavior strategies for the beauty healthcare industry that changes in the environment of the COVID-19 era.

Strategic Design for Leather Tannery Industries

The province of Tungurahua in Ecuador has a participation of 76% at the national level within the leather production chain with the production of raw materials, these are used in the manufacture of 80% of footwear in the country. These production processes generate environmental problems, the greatest impact being on the water, due to the dumping of liquid waste with chemical contents in rivers, this generates bad odors, gases, smoke and polluting solid waste from this process. According to data from tanneries, approximately 88% of the raw material is transformed, while the remaining 12% is considered as waste (leather trimmings), which are used in other manufacturing processes (footwear, textile industry, leather goods and others), the chip obtained from the process is compressed and discarded. As a preventive action, a process is proposed to generate new products through the use of waste obtained from leather processing. The design methodology is the Double Diamond: discover, define, develop and deliver a new product that reuses this waste, a block of dimensions 150 x 75 x 5 mm and 300 grams of weight was obtained, which can be applied in the sector of construction and allow the transition from a linear production process to a circular process.

PRESERVING INDONESIAN JOURNALISM HISTORY AT NATIONAL PRESS MONUMENT

Objective. The National Press Monument is a part of the Indonesian Ministry of Communication and Information (KOMINFO) which has the sole responsibility of developing the communication and information sectors of the government including media and journalism. This research explains the preservation process of the Indonesian Journalism newsprint implemented at the National Press Monument. The purpose of this study is to give an overview of the importance of Indonesian Journalism newsprint to users of the National Press Monument. Indonesian Journalism newsprint is a vital source containing Indonesia’s press history and information about the Indonesian Journalist Association before Indonesia gained its independence. National Press Monument collects and preserves old Indonesian newsprint and journals on various subjects. Methods. The qualitative approach and observation methods are used for this research. The observation method is used to focus on the preservation practices. Alongside the observation, the technique is the application of in-depth interviews. These methods are used to explain the processes of newsprint preservation. Results. The results of the study have found that National Press Monument used four approaches to preserve newsprint material: preventive, curative, restorative, and digitalization. Preventive action is carried out by controlling temperature, humidity, light, preventing human-caused damage and conducting bookbinding action. The curative operation was done by fumigation using Sulfuryl Fluoride (S02F2). The restorative step is done by connecting parts of torn/perforated paper, and repairing damaged binding. Finally, digitalization. National Press Monument also developed a new method to preserve newsprint material which is called freezing. This new method is aimed to protect the manuscript from any harmful organism. Conclusions. These methods can also be used in libraries. The National Press Monument not only contributes to preserving newsprint material in Indonesia but also to develop new ways in protecting the manuscripts through various policies.

Sustainable Enviromental Management dalam Mengatasi Permasalahan Kerusakan Lahan Akibat Penambangan Galian C di Kabupaten Karangasem

The topography of Karangasem Regency is very varied, in the form of plains, hills, mountains, namely the highest mountain in Bali (Gunung Agung). The location of Karangasem Regency which is close to Mount Agung causes Karangasem Regency to have a wealth of natural resources in the form of class C minerals, namely sand and rocks which are abundant compared to other regencies in Bali. The government of Karangasem Regency collects taxes on group C mining entrepreneurs. Exploitation of land in Karangasem Regency carried out by C mining entrepreneurs has a negative impact, namely environmental damage. The purpose of this study was to determine the implementation of Sustainable environmental management in overcoming the problem of land damage due to excavation c mining in Karangasem Regency. The research method used is the library research method. The results of the study showed that there was critical land due to mining business activities of C excavation which did not carry out land reclamation after post-mining. This is because the C mining entrepreneurs in Karangasem Regency do not carry out the basic principles of Sustainable Environmental Management, namely the principle of Intragenerational equity, the principle of intergenerational equity, the principle of preventive action, the principle of prudence, the precautionary principle and the polluter-pays principle.

COMMISION OF CRIMES AGAINST LIFE AND HEALTH BY PRISONERS IN PENAL INSTITUTIONS

В статье рассматриваются вопросы предупреждения преступлений против жизни и здоровья, совершаемых осужденными в исправительных учреждениях. Пенитенциарные преступления против жизни и здоровья составляют 20 % от всех совершаемых в исправительных учреждениях преступлений. Противодействие преступлениям в пенитенциарных учреждениях нашей страны в настоящее время осуществляется не на должном уровне, что обусловлено происходящими изменениями в социально-политической и экономической жизни страны, подверженной экономическим санкциям со стороны ряда мировых держав, отдельными недостатками реализации реформы уголовно-исполнительного законодательства и УИС в целом. В работе отмечается, что предупреждение преступлений против жизни и здоровья в пенитенциарных учреждениях должно осуществляться как на общем уровне (общая профилактика, охватывающая неограниченное число объектов профилактики), так и на индивидуальном уровне (индивидуальная профилактика, ориентированная на конкретное лицо или криминогенную ситуацию) с использованием методов дифференциации и индивидуализации профилактического воздействия. Объектами профилактического воздействия являются детерминанты преступности, личность преступника и микросреда, в которой он находится. Общесоциальное направление предупреждения пенитенциарной преступности отличается разнообразием мер воздействия на общественные отношения и включает в себя меры социального характера, экономические меры, меры культурно-воспитательного характера, организационно-управленческого характера. The article deals with the issues of preventing crimes against life and health committed by convicts in correctional institutions. Penitentiary crimes against life and health account for 20 % of all crimes committed in correctional institutions. Counteraction to crimes in penitentiary institutions of our country is currently not carried out at the proper level, which is due to the ongoing changes in the socio-political and economic life of the country, subject to economic sanctions from a number of world powers, certain shortcomings in the implementation of the reform of the penal legislation and the penal system as a whole. The work notes that the prevention of crimes against life and health in penitentiary institutions should be carried out both at the general level (general prevention, covering an unlimited number of prevention objects) and at the individual level (individual prevention, focused on a specific person or crime situation) using methods of differentiation and individualization of preventive action. The objects of preventive action are the determinants of crime, the personality of the offender and the microenvironment in which he finds himself. The general social direction of the prevention of penitentiary crime is distinguished by a variety of measures of influence on public relations and includes measures of a social nature, economic measures, measures of a cultural and educational nature, organizational and managerial nature.

Thermal Comfort Analysis for Overhead and Underfloor Air Distribution Systems

Underfloor and overhead air distributions are two types of Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system in which both differs in term of channelling the supplied air into a space. Underfloor air distribution (UFAD) system channels the supplied air from the underfloor plenum and goes to the return vent at the ceiling. On the other hand, the overhead air distribution (OHAD) system utilizes the ceiling-to-ceiling air pathway approach. In this study, A developed HVAC model was proposed. Ansys Fluent program was used to numerically investigate the best thermal comfort of the proposed model in terms of occupant satisfaction by referring to ASHRAE Standard. Two scenarios were designed and adopted in the computational investigation which is OHAD and UFAD. Three heat-generating parameters were involved which are a room lamp, personal computer and occupant. The attained computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulation results were validated. Generally, the attained CFD results showed that the UFAD system could perform better compare to the OHAD system even though the OHAD system could have some benefits. Specifically, the UFAD system provided the best thermal performance whereas the OHAD system was found to be less efficient in providing thermal comfort to the occupant and consumed a greater amount of energy because it was required to cool down the whole room instead of being cooled partly. The CFD results confirmed that the UFAD system was capable of maintaining the room temperature at 26°C at a height below 2.0 m compared to 1.2 m of the OHAD system. In conclusion, the UFAD system could provide better indoor air quality, and it could have superior performance for the tropic weather regions such as Malaysia compared to that of the OHAD system. Besides, using the UFAD system could be represented a preventive action that could be proposed to solve the mould growth inside any occupied room.

Introduction

Atrocity prevention is a difficult and complex undertaking, one that needs concerted effort by multiple stakeholders to be successful. This article seeks to help bridge the acknowledged gap between the promise of atrocity prevention and its implementation by providing an introduction about lessons learned from various case studies. By doing so, it seeks to develop an evidence base of effective atrocity prevention efforts to benefit practitioners of atrocity prevention. To ensure the evaluation is as rigorous as possible, five principles were incorporated into the research. One, to apply a reasonableness test so as not to confuse association with causation. Two, use a mixed methods approach for data collection. Three, triangulate data with multiple sources. Four, validate data with participants and experts to determine a level of accuracy. And five, consider a counterfactual argument of what would have happened if the preventive action(s) had not occurred.

Conclusions

The prevention of atrocity crimes is the cornerstone of R2P. Yet, how prevention works in practice is little understood. In practice, multiple actors at different levels employ multiple prevention tools simultaneously which relate to, and impact upon, the regional, national and local contexts in which atrocity crime risk is evident. Strengthening preventive action requires better understanding of the combination of measures employed and how these measures interact and affect the risk of atrocity crimes. Recognising the growing gap between the promise and practice of atrocity prevention, the UN Office on Genocide Prevention and R2P commissioned a series of case studies to evaluate atrocity prevention efforts, covering the countries of Burundi, Central African Republic, Cote d’Ivoire, Guinea, Kenya, Myanmar, South Sudan and Syria. From these studies, four main lessons become apparent. One, imminently apprehended atrocity crimes are preventable. Two, best outcomes are achieved when atrocity prevention is made a priority. Three, unity of purpose is essential. And four, atrocity prevention relies on several factors, some of which are outside the control of those undertaking prevention. These lessons mean that while atrocity prevention is difficult, it is possible.

Transcriptomic Insights on the Preventive Action of Apple (cv Granny Smith) Skin Wounding on Superficial Scald Development

Superficial scald is a post-harvest chilling storage injury leading to browning of the surface of the susceptible cv Granny Smith apples. Wounding of skins has been reported to play a preventive role on scald development however its underlying molecular factors are unknown. We have artificially wounded the epidermal and sub-epidermal layers of apple skins consistently obtaining the prevention of superficial scald in the surroundings of the wounds during two independent vintages. Time course RNA-Seq analyses of the transcriptional changes in wounded versus unwounded skins revealed that two transcriptional waves occurred. An early wave included genes up-regulated by wounding already after 6 h, highlighting a specific transcriptional rearrangement of genes connected to the biosynthesis and signalling of JA, ethylene and ABA. A later transcriptional wave, occurring after three months of cold storage, included genes up-regulated exclusively in unwounded skins and was prevented from its occurrence in wounded skins. A significant portion of these genes was related to decay of tissues and to the senescence hormones ABA, JA and ethylene. Such changes suggest a wound-inducible reversed hormonal balance during post-harvest storage which may explain the local inhibition of scald in wounded tissues, an aspect that will need further studies for its mechanistic explanation.

Understanding phenomena of criminality: from dogmatic views to scientific theories

Criminality accompanies humanity for millennia. Despite the fact that this phenomenon has received much attention from researchers of different times and countries, its joint understanding is still missing. Taking into account the previous experience of cognition of this phenomenon, of course, should be the key to effective preventive action in current conditions. The purpose of the paper is to explore the main approaches in understanding criminality from prehistoric times to the present. It is claimed that historically the first awareness of mankind of socially dangerous behavior occurred during the reign of the primary tribal communities. People’s knowledge of the world around them was minimal at that time, and explanation of incomprehensible and undesirable was based only on the authority of tribal leaders and respect for social traditions. Given the actual lack of scientific and methodological basis as such, this format of views on violations of social norms can be described as a dogmatic approach. Religions have in their arsenal views on unacceptable behavior based on the authority of the Creator. At the same time, in the theological approach there is a variety of interpretations of the causes and essence of forbidden behavior – from purely fatalistic views to the recognition of human free will in the commission of encroachments. Examples in this regard are the Laws of Manu, the Old Testament. Genesis”, Books by J. Sprenger and G. Institoris “The Hammer of Witches”, “The Sum of Theology” by Thomas Aquinas,“Confession” by Augustine Aurelius and others. The scientific approach is characterized by the use of scientific methods of cognition in substantiating theories of criminality. The variety of views here includes theories of social causes, anthropological theories, theories of multiplicity of factors, and others. According to the anthropological direction, the essence of criminality was associated with the manifestation of biological (anthropological) properties of a human (genetic features, endocrine system, mental state, etc.). Sociological direction asserts the influence of social factors as factors in the formation of criminality (internal contradictions, class conflict, social exclusion, stigmatization, etc.). In this regard, there are theories that, along with the circumstances of social content as factors of crime outline also biological (anthropological). It is concluded that in the future understanding of the phenomenon of crime should take place on the basis of a scientific approach