Underlying Respiratory Diseases, Specifically COPD, and Smoking Are Associated with Severe COVID-19 Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Several reviews have reported an increased risk of obstructive respiratory diseases in workers exposed to cleaning or disinfection agents, but they have focused mainly on professional cleaners. Cleaning and disinfecting are frequently performed activities by healthcare workers. We conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis to quantify the risk of obstructive respiratory diseases in healthcare workers exposed to cleaning and disinfection agents. We searched the Medline and Embase databases until 4 February 2021 to find adequate primary studies. Two independent reviewers screened the titles/abstracts and the full texts of the studies, as well as performing data extraction and quality assessment. The literature search yielded 9432 records, and 8 studies were found through a hand search. After screening, 14 studies were included in the review. All had a high risk of bias, and most studies dealt with nurses, asthma, and hyperresponsiveness (BHR)-related symptoms. Only one study investigated COPD. The meta-analysis estimated an increased risk of new-onset asthma for nurses (Effect size (ES) = 1.67; 95% CI 1.11–2.50) compared with other occupations and found an increase in the risk of new-onset asthma for nurses exposed to cleaning and disinfecting surfaces (ES = 1.43; 95% CI 1.09–1.89) and instruments (ES = 1.34; 95% CI 1.09–1.65). Exposure to specific chemicals such as bleach and glutaraldehyde (GA) increased the risk of asthma in nurses (bleach ES = 2.44; 95% CI 1.56–3.82; GA ES = 1.91, 95% CI 1.35–2.70). A higher risk for BHR-related symptoms was observed for nurses exposed to cleaning surfaces (ES = 1.44; 95% CI 1.18–1.78). Although the overall evidence was rated as low, the limitations found in this review hint at a potential underestimation of the real risk. These findings highlight the need for reinforced prevention practices with regard to healthcare workers. Similar research investigating these associations among other healthcare workers such as rescue service and nursing home personnel is needed.

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Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents With Chronic Respiratory Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2020-0641 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 219-229

Author(s):

Rodrigo Torres-Castro ◽

Luis Vasconcello-Castillo ◽

Roberto Acosta-Dighero ◽

Nicolás Sepúlveda-Cáceres ◽

Marisol Barros-Poblete ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Respiratory Diseases ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Mean Difference ◽

Slight Reduction ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Chronic Respiratory Diseases

Background: The literature is unclear as to whether children and adolescents with chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) differ from their healthy peers in physical activity (PA). Objective: To determine the PA levels measured through accelerometers in children and adolescents with CRDs. Methods: The authors conducted a systematic review using five databases. The authors included studies that assessed the PA measured by accelerometers in children and adolescents with CRDs. Two independent reviewers analyzed the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the quality of evidence. Results: From 11,497 reports returned by the initial search, 29 articles reporting on 4381 patients were included. In the sensitivity analysis, the authors found that children and adolescents with CRDs had a moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) of −0.08 hours per day (95% confidence interval [CI], −0.12 to −0.03 h/d; P = .001), which was lower than the healthy controls; the values for sedentary time (mean difference −0.47 h/d; 95% CI, −1.29 to 0.36 h/d; P = .27) and steps/d (mean difference 361 steps/d; 95% CI −385 to 1707 steps/d; P = .45) were similar for both. Conclusion: Children and adolescents with CRDs have a slight reduction in MVPA in comparison with healthy controls, but sedentary time and steps/d were similar for both.

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Association between severity of anaphylaxis and coexistence of respiratory diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical Immunology ◽

10.18176/jiaci.0462 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

Author(s):

E Farias-Aquino ◽

MA Tejedor-Alonso ◽

E Pérez-Fernández ◽

M Moro-Moro ◽

A Rosado-Ingelmo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Respiratory Diseases ◽

Meta Analysis

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Residential greenness and allergic respiratory diseases in children and adolescents – A systematic review and meta-analysis

Environmental Research ◽

10.1016/j.envres.2017.08.002 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 159 ◽

pp. 212-221 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

K.A. Lambert ◽

G. Bowatte ◽

R. Tham ◽

C. Lodge ◽

L. Prendergast ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Respiratory Diseases ◽

Meta Analysis

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The Role of Vitamin D in The Age of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

10.1101/2020.06.05.20123554 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Roya Ghasemian ◽

Amir Shamshirian ◽

Keyvan Heydari ◽

Mohammad Malekan ◽

Reza Alizadeh-Navaei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Respiratory Diseases ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D

AbstractBackgroundEvidence recommends that vitamin D might be a crucial supportive agent for the immune system, mainly in cytokine response regulation against COVID-19. Hence, we carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis in order to maximize the use of everything that exists about the role of vitamin D in the COVID-19.MethodsA systematic search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Google Scholar (intitle) as well as preprint database of medRxiv, bioRxiv, Research Square, preprints.org, and search engine of ScienceDirect up to October 10, 2020. Studies focused on the role of vitamin D in confirmed COVID-19 patients were entered into the systematic review.ResultsSixteen studies containing 4922 participants entered into the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis indicated that 48% of COVID-19 patients were suffering from vitamin D deficiency (95% CI, 29%-67%), and in 41% of patients, levels of vitamin D were insufficient (95% CI, 10%-82%). The serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was 18 ng/mL among all COVID-19 patients (95% CI, 13-24). Co-morbidities frequency in COVID-19 patients were as follows: 7.4% cancer, 27.1% chronic kidney disease, 30.4% cardiovascular diseases, 5.1% dementia, 14.5% depression/anxiety, 32.1% diabetes, 47.4% hypertension, 22.0% obesity and 17.5% respiratory diseases. Reported ethnic groups in studies were 1.0% Afro-Caribbean, 10.3% Asian, and 92.1% Caucasian.ConclusionThis study found that the mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was low in all COVID-19 patients, and most of them were suffering from vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency. The Caucasian was the dominant ethnic group, and the most frequent co-morbidities in COVID-19 patients were hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, obesity, and respiratory diseases, which might be affected by vitamin D deficiency directly or indirectly.

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