Technical Progress and Involuntary Unemployment Under Deflation With Real Balance Effect

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhito Tanaka
Ekonomika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-66
Author(s):  
Yasuhito Tanaka

We examine positive or negative real balance effect (or so-called Pigou effect) by falls in the nominal wage rate and the prices of the goods in situations where there is involuntary unemployment using a three-generations overlapping generations model with childhood period and pay-as-you go pension system for the older generation consumers. We will show that if the net savings of the younger generation consumers are larger than their debts due to consumption in their childhood period, there exists positive real balance effect and the employment increases by a fall in the nominal wage rate; on the other hand, if the net savings of the younger generation consumers are smaller than their debts, there exists negative real balance effect and the employment decreases by a fall in the nominal wage rate.


2020 ◽  
Vol 237 (10) ◽  
pp. 1172-1176
Author(s):  
Charlotte Schramm ◽  
Yaroslava Wenner

AbstractThe digital media becomes more and more common in our everyday lives. So it is not surprising that technical progress is also leaving its mark on amblyopia therapy. New media and technologies can be used both in the actual amblyopia therapy or therapy monitoring. In particular in this review shutter glasses, therapy monitoring and analysis using microsensors and newer video programs for amblyopia therapy are presented and critically discussed. Currently, these cannot yet replace classic amblyopia therapy. They represent interesting options that will occupy us even more in the future.


Author(s):  
Petar Kazakov ◽  
Atanas Iliev ◽  
Emil Ivanov ◽  
Dobri Rusev

Significant technical progress has been made in recent years in the development of algae-based bioenergy, and much of industrial and academic R&D projects have diverged from the biofuels strategy. This report summarizes the conclusions of a recently concluded symposium analyzing the prospects for using micro- and macroalgae as a feedstock for biofuels and bioenergy. It discusses international activities for the development of bio-energy and non-energy algae bioproducts, advances in the use of macroalgae (both non-cultivated and cultivated algae). Applications for various biochemical and thermochemical uses, bio-refining capabilities for various products, as well as an in-depth review of the process from the point of view of economy and energy sustainability are also given.


2013 ◽  
Vol 164 (8) ◽  
pp. 236-239
Author(s):  
Werner Schärer

Sustainability in forest and society despite “overmaturity” and “lack of regeneration” (essay) This essay compares efforts to move towards sustainability in the forests with those in the care for the elderly in Switzerland, and tries to draw conclusions which may promote sustainability. It is wrong, for forests and human populations, to talk of “overmaturity”, as this assumes the primacy of economic reasoning. To guarantee sustainability, the balance between all aspects is crucial. To attain true sustainability, we need binding guidelines and the “right” scale of implementation programme. Civil society organisations have been working for decades – often longer than the state itself – to improve sustainability. In many different areas, good cooperation and effective distribution of tasks between these institutions can be observed. This is important, among other things, because the ever greater speed of technical progress may overwhelm the adaptive capacity of both forests and people, which would influence sustainability in a negative way.


2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 538-552
Author(s):  
CLAUDIA LIEB

Abstract Julius von Voß’ Utopie Ini. Ein Roman aus dem ein und zwanzigsten Jahrhundert (1810) entwirft für Europa eine fortschritts- und technikoptimistische Zukunft, in der für Katastrophen eigentlich kein Platz ist: Sicherheit triumphiert über Gefahr, und Katastrophenprävention hat höchste Priorität. Dass der Text dennoch vom Krieg, von Naturkatastrophen und Verkehrsunfällen erzählt, scheint dem Unterhaltungswert der Katastrophe geschuldet zu sein.Julius von Voß’s utopian novel Ini: Ein Roman aus dem ein und zwanzigsten Jahrhundert (1810) depicts a future European state that is marked by immense technical progress. In this state, national and individual security are highly important and every effort is made to prevent catastrophic events. However, in order to entertain his readers, Voß uses his novel to explore great catastrophes such as the horrors of war, natural desaster, and traffic accidents.


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