Solutions to improve the effectiveness of moral education for Vietnamese students today

Comprehensive human development is an important content in Ho Chi Minh's thought on human beings. "To reap a return in ten years, plant trees. To reap a return in 100, cultivate the people" (Minhd, 2011). A comprehensive person is someone who has both virtue and talent, of which virtue is the root. Virtue is morality, but unlike conservative morality which aims at personal glory, the new and great morality serves the common interest of the communist party, the people and mankind. The basic requirements of that morality are being loyal to the country and faithful to the people, loving people, being diligent, thrifty, honest, righteous and selfless, and having proletarian international spirit. Talent means a person's capability to fulfill assigned tasks, which is demonstrated through continuous learning and improving of academic, scientific, technical and theoretical qualifications (Minhb, 2011). Vietnam is being strongly influenced by the trend of international integration with many complicated changes in the society. In the face of manifestations of degradation in morality and lifestyle seen in students, moral education for Vietnamese students becomes even more important and necessary.

Linguistic Mathematical Relationships Saved or Lost in Translating Texts: Extension of the Statistical Theory of Translation and Its Application to the New Testament

The purpose of the paper is to extend the general theory of translation to texts written in the same language and show some possible applications. The main result shows that the mutual mathematical relationships of texts in a language have been saved or lost in translating them into another language and consequently texts have been mathematically distorted. To make objective comparisons, we have defined a “likeness index”—based on probability and communication theory of noisy binary digital channels-and have shown that it can reveal similarities and differences of texts. We have applied the extended theory to the New Testament translations and have assessed how much the mutual mathematical relationships present in the original Greek texts have been saved or lost in 36 languages. To avoid the inaccuracy, due to the small sample size from which the input data (regression lines) are calculated, we have adopted a “renormalization” based on Monte Carlo simulations whose results we consider as “experimental”. In general, we have found that in many languages/translations the original linguistic relationships have been lost and texts mathematically distorted. The theory can be applied to texts translated by machines. Because the theory deals with linear regression lines, the concepts of signal-to-noise-ratio and likenss index can be applied any time a scientific/technical problem involves two or more linear regression lines, therefore it is not limited to linguistic variables but it is universal.

Anuvaad - A Hindi-Sanskrit-Hindi Bilingual Machine Translation System using Rule-based Approach

Machine Translation is best alternative to traditional manual translation. The corpus of Sanskrit literature includes a rich tradition of philosophical and religious texts as well as poetry, music, drama, scientific, technical and other texts. Due to the modernization of tradition and languages, Sanskrit is not on everyone's lips. Translation makes it convenient for users to understand the unknown text. This paper presents a language Machine Translation System from Hindi to Sanskrit and Sanskrit to Hindi using a rule-based technique. We developed a machine translation tool 'anuvaad' which translates Sanskrit prose text into Hindi & vice versa. We also developed bi-lingual corpora to deal with Sanskrit and Hindi grammar rules and text applied rule based method to perform the translation. The experimental results on different 110 examples show that the proposed anuvaad tool achieves overall 93% accuracy for both types of translations. The objective of our work is to ensure confidentiality and multilingual support, which can be tedious and time consuming in case of manual translation.

Communication in the era of digitalization

Russian scientific, technical and innovation policy is aimed at R&D results mainly in the technological sphere, which have little chance of transforming into commercial products due to the incompleteness of the formation of the national innovation system. Its main drawback is the lack of attention to ensuring effective communication between all participants in innovation. The digitalization of the economy is, first of all, the digitalization of communications. The essence of this phenomenon lies in the acquisition by the communication processes and, accordingly, in giving any communication an optimal, unified and most adequate form for the current stage of scientific, technical and innovative development based on a standardset of signals (numbers). The growing communication revolution not only enhances the role of science and innovation as the main instruments of competition, but also contributes to the process of integrating country NIS into the global network structure. The observed restructuring of the global economic space is accompanied by the emergence of digital platforms that are changing the landscape of the global economy by working with big data, gaining control over the functioning of the information circuits of the global economy and ensuring the interaction of all innovative actors through effective communications.

DIRECTIONS OF USE OF REGIONAL FUNDS FOR SUPPORT OF SCIENTIFIC, SCIENTIFIC-TECHNICAL AND INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES

The article analyzes the trends in R&D expenditures as an important condition affecting the increase in innovative activity. It is indicated that one of the factors that contributes to the growth of funding for research and development is the creation of regional funds for support of scientific, scientific, technical and innovative activities, the budget of which is formed from deductions from the proceeds of companies. It is noted that their creation contributes to the centralization of monetary resources. The purpose of the study is to identify areas for the use of funds from regional funds to support scientific, scientific, technical and innovation activities. Based on the analysis carried out, the main areas were identified to which the financial resources of the funds could be directed and the volume of their use was determined.

Model Law on Scientific, Technical and Innovative Activities of a Constituent Entity of the Russian Federation as a Factor in the Scientific and Technological Modernization of Regions (on the Example of the Altai Territory)

The publication presents the concept and content of the draft law of the Altai Territory, prepared by the team of authors – the draft law of the Altai Territory “On Science, Scientific-Technical Activity and Innovation Activity in the Altai Territory”. The paper notes the urgent need to update the legislation of the Altai Territory on science and innovations as a pillar for technological development and the growth of well-being of residents of the Altai Territory. The structure of the draft law includes general provisions, powers of state authorities of the Altai Territory in the field of science and innovations, measures to support scientific and innovative activities, the status of a scientist and the legal regime of innovation territories. Particular attention in the bill is given to a system of measures to support scientists and especially young scientists to retain talent in the Altai Territory.

SCO CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL COOPERATION: DISCUSSION OF A PROPOSAL

Modern processes of geopolitical, socio-economic development of states and the global economy requirethe intensification of scientific and technical cooperation within the framework of regional associations,which include developing countries. This is necessary for the transition from a resource-based economy to aknowledge economy and a significant improvement in the welfare of the population.Unfortunately, despitethe presence of appropriate prerequisites, scientific and technical cooperation between the member states ofthe Shanghai Cooperation Organization is extremely poorly developed.It seems that one of the reasons forthis is the absence of a convention document regulating in detail various aspects of cooperation in the areaunder consideration.The necessity of development and adoption of the Shanghai Cooperation OrganizationConvention on international scientific and scientific-technical cooperation is substantiated.It is proposed toinclude in this document the goals and principles of international scientific and technical cooperation, ruleson a permanent SCO body on international scientific and technical cooperation, provisions on financialsupport for scientific and technical cooperation, framework norms on the legal regime of territories ofadvanced scientific and scientific-technical development, as well as the norms disclosing the legal status ofparticipants in international scientific and scientific-technical cooperation.