Mechanisms of Tone Sandhi Rule Application by Non-Native Speakers

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si Chen ◽  
Yunjuan He ◽  
Chun Wah Yuen ◽  
Bei Li ◽  
Yike Yang
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Tone Sandhi ◽  
Rule Application

Mechanisms of tone sandhi rule application by tonal and non-tonal non-native speakers

2019 ◽  
Vol 115 ◽  
pp. 67-77
Author(s):  
Si Chen ◽  
Yunjuan He ◽  
Ratree Wayland ◽  
Yike Yang ◽  
Bei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Tone Sandhi ◽  
Rule Application

The phonological word in the Ningbo dialect

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-161
Author(s):  
Xiang Lyu
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Tone ◽  
Tone Sandhi ◽  
Phonological Information ◽  
Prosodic Word ◽  
Phonological Word ◽  
The World ◽  
Rule Application ◽  
Phonological Rule ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Complete Survey

Abstract This paper examines the domain of the prosodic word in the Ningbo dialect. The goal of this paper is to provide a critical review of the studies on the prosodic word (PW) in various languages of the world, and to investigate the phonological phenomena within the domain formed by morpho-syntactic words in the Ningbo dialect as well as discussing the role that the prosodic word plays in the phonological rule application in the Ningbo dialect. This paper provides a complete survey on various types of morpho-syntactic formation in the Ningbo dialect as well as examining the application of phonological phenomena with reference to the different types of morpho-syntactic words. It will show that the lexical tone sandhi rule (LTS) applies within the domain formed by the major types of morpho-syntactic words in Ningbo dialect. However, pure phonological information may also affect the application of LTS.

Testing the applicability of third tone sandhi at the intonation boundary

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 636-651
Author(s):  
Chin-Ting Liu ◽  
Li-mei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Word Frequency ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Final Position ◽  
Tone Sandhi ◽  
Frequency Effects ◽  
Taiwan Mandarin ◽  
Boundary Issues ◽  
Phonological Phrase

Abstract The purpose of this study is to test the applicability of Tone Three Sandhi (T3S) when the critical syllable is a monosyllabic topic preceding a topic boundary. A recitation task from 37 native speakers of Taiwan Mandarin was employed. The results from human judgements indicated that the participants predominantly produced the critical syllables with Tone 3 (T3). Additionally, the fundamental frequency of the critical syllables demonstrated a falling contour, showing that T3S was not applied. Intonation break-ups and the prolongation of the critical syllables lent strong support to the view that the topic syllable was at an intonation/phonological phrase-final position. The findings can be elegantly accommodated by constraint-based analyses, which propose that T3S must be avoided when two T3 syllables are separated by an intonation/phonological phrase boundary. Issues relating to pauses, speech rates and word frequency effects are also discussed.

scholarly journals Tone Sandhi Domain is not a Foot in Standard Mandarin: Evidence from the Perceptual Side

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naiyan Du
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Stress Pattern ◽  
Tone Sandhi ◽  
Syntactic Structures

There is a long debate on whether or not the tone sandhi domain in Standard Mandarin should be treated as a metrical foot. According to the hypothesis that the tone sandhi domain is the metrical foot (Duanmu, 2007), a tone sandhi pattern can be used to infer the position of stress. However, this study shows that, despite changing the domain over which tone sandhi occurs, stress pattern remains unchanged perceptually for native speakers of Standard Mandarin. This finding conforms to the results of previous production experiments that show that the stress position remains consistent for utterances with different morpho-syntactic structures (Jia, 2011; Lai et al., 2010). Therefore, the tone sandhi domain is non-isomorphic with the stress domain in Standard Mandarin.

Mechanisms of Verbal Morphology Processing in Heritage Speakers of Russian

2008 ◽  
Vol Volume 6 (6.1 (Spring, 2008)) ◽  
pp. 105-126
Author(s):  
Natalia Romanova
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Mental Representations ◽  
Morphological Processing ◽  
Verbal Morphology ◽  
Heritage Speakers ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
L2 Processing ◽  
Verb Forms ◽  
Rule Application

The goal of the study is to analyze the morphological processing of real and novel verb forms by heritage speakers of Russian in order to determine whether it differs from that of native (L1) speakers1 and second language (L2) learners; if so, how it is different; and which factors may guide the acquisition process. The experiment involved three groups of subjects: 28 adult native speakers, 14 adult heritage speakers, and 17 beginning American learners of Russian. The results demonstrate that (1) novel form production in heritage processing, as in native and L2 processing, is rule-based, and that rule application—i.e. the generalization rate of conjugational patterns—depends on the input-based mechanism of statistical probabilities (to be defined below), and (2) that heritage speakers' mental representations of morphological structures are unstable and their morphological processing is different from either adult native or L2 processing.

The Prediction of Problem-Solving Assessed Via Microworlds

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Greiff ◽  
Katarina Krkovic ◽  
Jarkko Hautamäki
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Complex Problem Solving ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Rule Knowledge ◽  
Rule Application ◽  
Fluid Reasoning

Abstract. In this study, we explored the network of relations between fluid reasoning, working memory, and the two dimensions of complex problem solving, rule knowledge and rule application. In doing so, we replicated the recent study by Bühner, Kröner, and Ziegler (2008) and the structural relations investigated therein [ Bühner, Kröner, & Ziegler, (2008) . Working memory, visual-spatial intelligence and their relationship to problem-solving. Intelligence, 36, 672–680]. However, in the present study, we used different assessment instruments by employing assessments of figural, numerical, and verbal fluid reasoning, an assessment of numerical working memory, and a complex problem solving assessment using the MicroDYN approach. In a sample of N = 2,029 Finnish sixth-grade students of which 328 students took the numerical working memory assessment, the findings diverged substantially from the results reported by Bühner et al. Importantly, in the present study, fluid reasoning was the main source of variation for rule knowledge and rule application, and working memory contributed only a little added value. Albeit generally in line with previously conducted research on the relation between complex problem solving and other cognitive abilities, these findings directly contrast the results of Bühner et al. (2008) who reported that only working memory was a source of variation in complex problem solving, whereas fluid reasoning was not. Explanations for the different patterns of results are sought, and implications for the use of assessment instruments and for research on interindividual differences in complex problem solving are discussed.

Oral Approach Avoidance

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 355-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Godinho ◽  
Margarida V. Garrido ◽  
Oleksandr V. Horchak
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Writing System ◽  
Oral Movements ◽  
Motivational States ◽  
Oral Approach ◽  
Approach Avoidance ◽  
Abstract Words ◽  
European Family

Abstract. Words whose articulation resembles ingestion movements are preferred to words mimicking expectoration movements. This so-called in-out effect, suggesting that the oral movements caused by consonantal articulation automatically activate concordant motivational states, was already replicated in languages belonging to Germanic (e.g., German and English) and Italic (e.g., Portuguese) branches of the Indo-European family. However, it remains unknown whether such preference extends to the Indo-European branches whose writing system is based on the Cyrillic rather than Latin alphabet (e.g., Ukrainian), or whether it occurs in languages not belonging to the Indo-European family (e.g., Turkish). We replicated the in-out effect in two high-powered experiments ( N = 274), with Ukrainian and Turkish native speakers, further supporting an embodied explanation for this intriguing preference.

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