scholarly journals Neutrinoless double beta decay overview

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Cardani
Keyword(s):  
Beta Decay ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay ◽  
Double Beta Decay ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Fundamental Symmetry ◽  
Nuclear Process ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Lower Limits

Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay is a hypothesised nuclear process in which two neutrons simultaneously decay into protons with no neutrino emission. The prized observation of this decay would point to the existence of a process that violates a fundamental symmetry of the Standard Model of Particle Physics, and would allow to establish the nature of neutrinos. Today, the lower limits on the half-life of this process exceed 10^{25}25-10^{26}26 yr. I will review the current status of the searches for Double Beta Decay and the perspectives to enhance the experimental sensitivity in the next years.

scholarly journals Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay: Status and Prospects

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle J. Dolinski ◽  
Alan W.P. Poon ◽  
Werner Rodejohann
Keyword(s):  
Beta Decay ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay ◽  
Lepton Number ◽  
Double Beta Decay ◽  
Beyond The Standard Model ◽  
The Standard Model

Neutrinoless double-beta decay is a forbidden, lepton-number-violating nuclear transition whose observation would have fundamental implications for neutrino physics, theories beyond the Standard Model, and cosmology. In this review, we summarize the theoretical progress to understand this process, the expectations and implications under various particle physics models, and the nuclear physics challenges that affect the precise predictions of the decay half-life. We also provide a synopsis of the current and future large-scale experiments that aim to discover this process in physically well-motivated half-life ranges.

scholarly journals What Is Matter According to Particle Physics, and Why Try to Observe Its Creation in a Lab?

Universe ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Francesco Vissani
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Conservation Laws ◽  
Beta Decay ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay ◽  
Lepton Number ◽  
Double Beta Decay ◽  
Nuclear Process ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Technical Considerations

The standard model of elementary interactions has long qualified as a theory of matter, in which the postulated conservation laws (one baryonic and three leptonic) acquire theoretical meaning. However, recent observations of lepton number violations—neutrino oscillations—demonstrate its incompleteness. We discuss why these considerations suggest the correctness of Ettore Majorana’s ideas on the nature of neutrino mass and add further interest to the search for an ultra-rare nuclear process in which two particles of matter (electrons) are created, commonly called neutrinoless double beta decay. The approach of the discussion is mainly historical, and its character is introductory. Some technical considerations, which highlight the usefulness of Majorana’s representation of gamma matrices, are presented in the appendix.

scholarly journals Searching for Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay of130Te with CUORE

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Artusa ◽  
F. T. Avignone ◽  
O. Azzolini ◽  
M. Balata ◽  
T. I. Banks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beta Decay ◽  
Energy Resolution ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay ◽  
Lepton Number ◽  
Double Beta Decay ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Upper Limit

Neutrinoless double-beta (0νββ) decay is a hypothesized lepton-number-violating process that offers the only known means of asserting the possible Majorana nature of neutrino mass. The Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE) is an upcoming experiment designed to search for 0νββdecay of130Te using an array of 988 TeO2crystal bolometers operated at 10 mK. The detector will contain 206 kg of130Te and have an average energy resolution of 5 keV; the projected 0νββdecay half-life sensitivity after five years of livetime is 1.6 × 1026 y at 1σ(9.5 × 1025 y at the 90% confidence level), which corresponds to an upper limit on the effective Majorana mass in the range 40–100 meV (50–130 meV). In this paper, we review the experimental techniques used in CUORE as well as its current status and anticipated physics reach.

scholarly journals Study of rare nuclear processes with CUORE

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (09) ◽  
pp. 1843002 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Alduino ◽  
K. Alfonso ◽  
F. T. Avignone ◽  
O. Azzolini ◽  
G. Bari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Electron Capture ◽  
Beta Decay ◽  
Upper Bound ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay ◽  
Double Beta Decay ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Nuclear Processes

TeO2 bolometers have been used for many years to search for neutrinoless double beta decay in [Formula: see text]Te. CUORE, a tonne-scale TeO2 detector array, recently published the most sensitive limit on the half-life, [Formula: see text] yr, which corresponds to an upper bound of 140–400 meV on the effective Majorana mass of the neutrino. While it makes CUORE a world-leading experiment looking for neutrinoless double beta decay, it is not the only study that CUORE will contribute to in the field of nuclear and particle physics. As already done over the years with many small-scale experiments, CUORE will investigate both rare decays (such as the two-neutrino double beta decay of [Formula: see text]Te and the hypothesized electron capture in [Formula: see text]Te), and rare processes (e.g. dark matter and axion interactions). This paper describes some of the achievements of past experiments that used TeO2 bolometers, and perspectives for CUORE.

scholarly journals Half-life expectations for neutrinoless double beta decay in standard and nonstandard scenarios

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao-Feng Ge ◽  
Werner Rodejohann ◽  
Kai Zuber
Keyword(s):  
Beta Decay ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay ◽  
Double Beta Decay

scholarly journals STATUS OF THE CUORE EXPERIMENT

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (A) ◽  
pp. 782-785
Author(s):  
Claudia Tomei
Keyword(s):  
Beta Decay ◽  
Total Mass ◽  
Rare Events ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay ◽  
Double Beta Decay ◽  
Tellurium Dioxide ◽  
Nuclear Process ◽  
Majorana Mass ◽  
Under Construction

The CUORE (Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events) experiment will search for neutrinoless double beta decay of <sup>130</sup>Te, a rare nuclear process that, if observed, would demonstrate the Majorana nature of the neutrino and enable measurements of the effective Majorana mass. The CUORE setup consists of an array of 988 tellurium dioxide crystals, operated as bolometers, with a total mass of about 200 kg of <sup>130</sup>Te. The experiment is under construction at the Gran Sasso National Laboratory in Italy. As a first step towards CUORE, the first tower (CUORE-0) has been assembled and will soon be in operation.

scholarly journals Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Giuliani ◽  
Alfredo Poves
Keyword(s):  
Beta Decay ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Experimental Situation ◽  
Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay ◽  
Majorana Neutrino ◽  
Double Beta Decay ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Status ◽  
Majorana Neutrino Mass

This paper introduces the neutrinoless double-beta decay (the rarest nuclear weak process) and describes the status of the research for this transition, both from the point of view of theoretical nuclear physics and in terms of the present and future experimental scenarios. Implications of this phenomenon on crucial aspects of particle physics are briefly discussed. The calculations of the nuclear matrix elements in case of mass mechanisms are reviewed, and a range for these quantities is proposed for the most appealing candidates. After introducing general experimental concepts—such as the choice of the best candidates, the different proposed technological approaches, and the sensitivity—we make the point on the experimental situation. Searches running or in preparation are described, providing an organic presentation which picks up similarities and differences. A critical comparison of the adopted technologies and of their physics reach (in terms of sensitivity to the effective Majorana neutrino mass) is performed. As a conclusion, we try to envisage what we expect round the corner and at a longer time scale.

GERDA results and the future perspectives for the neutrinoless double beta decay search using 76Ge

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (09) ◽  
pp. 1843004 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
M. Agostini ◽  
A. M. Bakalyarov ◽  
M. Balata ◽  
I. Barabanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Beta Decay ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Liquid Argon ◽  
Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay ◽  
Double Beta Decay ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Inverted Hierarchy ◽  
Phase Phase

The GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) is a low background experiment at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) of INFN designed to search for the rare neutrinoless double beta decay ([Formula: see text]) of [Formula: see text]Ge. In the first phase (Phase I) of the experiment, high purity germanium diodes were operated in a “bare” mode and immersed in liquid argon. The overall background level of [Formula: see text] was a factor of ten better than those of its predecessors. No signal was found and a lower limit was set on the half-life for the [Formula: see text] decay of [Formula: see text]Ge [Formula: see text] yr (90% CL), while the corresponding median sensitivity was [Formula: see text] yr (90% CL). A second phase (Phase II) started at the end of 2015 after a major upgrade. Thanks to the increased detector mass and performance of the enriched germanium diodes and due to the introduction of liquid argon instrumentation techniques, it was possible to reduce the background down to [Formula: see text]. After analyzing 23.2 kg[Formula: see text]⋅[Formula: see text]yr of these new data no signal was seen. Combining these with the data from Phase I a stronger half-life limit of the [Formula: see text]Ge [Formula: see text] decay was obtained: [Formula: see text] yr (90% CL), reaching a sensitivity of [Formula: see text] yr (90% CL). Phase II will continue for the collection of an exposure of 100 kg[Formula: see text]yr. If no signal is found by then the GERDA sensitivity will have reached [Formula: see text] yr for setting a 90% CL. limit. After the end of GERDA Phase II, the flagship experiment for the search of [Formula: see text] decay of [Formula: see text]Ge will be LEGEND. LEGEND experiment is foreseen to deploy up to 1-ton of [Formula: see text]Ge. After ten years of data taking, it will reach a sensitivity beyond 10[Formula: see text] yr, and hence fully cover the inverted hierarchy region.

scholarly journals Results from the Cuore Experiment †

Universe ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Caminata ◽  
Douglas Adams ◽  
Chris Alduino ◽  
Krystal Alfonso ◽  
Frank Avignone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beta Decay ◽  
Energy Resolution ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Precise Measurement ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay ◽  
Double Beta Decay ◽  
Effective Energy ◽  
Β Decay ◽  
Compact Structure

The Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE) is the first bolometric experiment searching for neutrinoless double beta decay that has been able to reach the 1-ton scale. The detector consists of an array of 988 TeO 2 crystals arranged in a cylindrical compact structure of 19 towers, each of them made of 52 crystals. The construction of the experiment was completed in August 2016 and the data taking started in spring 2017 after a period of commissioning and tests. In this work we present the neutrinoless double beta decay results of CUORE from examining a total TeO 2 exposure of 86.3 kg yr , characterized by an effective energy resolution of 7.7 keV FWHM and a background in the region of interest of 0.014 counts / ( keV kg yr ) . In this physics run, CUORE placed a lower limit on the decay half-life of neutrinoless double beta decay of 130 Te > 1.3 · 10 25 yr (90% C.L.). Moreover, an analysis of the background of the experiment is presented as well as the measurement of the 130 Te 2 ν β β decay with a resulting half-life of T 1 / 2 2 ν = [ 7.9 ± 0.1 ( stat . ) ± 0.2 ( syst . ) ] × 10 20 yr which is the most precise measurement of the half-life and compatible with previous results.

scholarly journals Combining data from high-energy pp-reactions and neutrinoless double-beta decay: Limits on the mass of the right-handed boson

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1650081
Author(s):  
Osvaldo Civitarese ◽  
Jouni Suhonen ◽  
Kai Zuber
Keyword(s):  
Beta Decay ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Double Beta Decay ◽  
Minimal Extension ◽  
Mixing Angle ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
The Right ◽  
Lower Limits

From the recently established lower-limits on the nonobservability of the neutrinoless double-beta decay of [Formula: see text]Ge (GERDA collaboration) and [Formula: see text]Xe (EXO-200 and KamLAND-Zen collaborations), combined with the ATLAS and CMS data, we extract limits for the left–right (LR) mixing angle, [Formula: see text], of the [Formula: see text] electroweak Hamiltonian. For the theoretical analysis, which is a model dependent, we have adopted a minimal extension of the Standard Model (SM) of Electroweak Interactions belonging to the [Formula: see text] representation. The nuclear-structure input of the analysis consists of a set of matrix elements and phase-space factors, and the experimental lower-limits for the half-lives. The other input are the ATLAS and CMS cross-section measurements of the [Formula: see text]-collisions into two-jets and two-leptons, performed at the large hadron collider (LHC). Our analysis yields the limit [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text], by combining the model-dependent limits extracted from the double-beta-decay measurements and those extracted from the results of the CMS and ATLAS measurements.

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