scholarly journals Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP): Neuroinflammation Biomarker in Acute Ischemic Stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 14 ◽  
pp. 7501-7506
Author(s):  
Lisda Amalia
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acidic Protein

Glial fibrillary acidic protein as a prognostic marker of acute ischemic stroke

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1048-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Liu ◽  
J Geng
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Acidic Protein ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
Poor Outcome ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: We investigated the association between serum levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and stroke functional outcomes in a cohort of 286 patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Methods: We prospectively studied 286 patients with AIS who were admitted within 24 h after the onset of symptoms. Serum levels of GFAP and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) were measured at admission. The primary end point was stroke functional outcome among 1-year after stroke onset. We used logistic regression models to assess the relationship between GFAP levels and stroke outcomes. Results: The GFAP level was obtained with a median value of 0.18 (interquartile ranges (IQRs): 0.09–0.28) ng/ml. In multivariable models adjusted for age, gender, and other risk factors, GFAP levels were associated with an increased risk of a NIHSS>6 (odds ratio (OR) = 1.55; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.16–1.89; p = 0.012). The poor outcome distribution across the GFAP quartiles ranged between 12.7% (first quartile) and 70.4% (fourth quartile). After adjusting for other established risk factors, in multivariate models comparing the Q3 and Q 4 quartiles against the Q1 of the GFAP, the levels of GFAP were associated with poor outcome, and the adjusted risk of poor outcome increased by 211% (3.11[1.80–5.05], p < 0.001) and 522% (6.22[2.98–11.83], p < 0.001), respectively. Interestingly, GFAP improved the ability of NIHSS score to diagnose poor outcomes (area under the curve [AUC] of the combined model 0.82; 95% CI: 0.77–0.88; p = 0.02). Conclusion: GFAP levels are a novel and complementary biomarker to predict functional outcome 1 year after AIS

scholarly journals Delayed Progesterone Treatment Reduces Brain Infarction and Improves Functional Outcomes after Ischemic Stroke: A Time-Window Study in Middle-Aged Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seema Yousuf ◽  
Iqbal Sayeed ◽  
Fahim Atif ◽  
Huiling Tang ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Brain Infarction ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ◽  
Acidic Protein ◽  
Functional Deficits ◽  
Infarction Volume ◽  
Metalloproteinase 9

We evaluated the neuroprotective effects of delayed progesterone (PROG) treatment against ischemic stroke-induced neuronal death, inflammation, and functional deficits. We induced transient focal cerebral ischemia in male rats and administered PROG (8 mg/kg) or vehicle intraperitoneally at 3, 6, or 24 hours post occlusion, subcutaneously 5 hours later and then every 24 hours for 7 days. Behavioral outcomes were evaluated over 22 days. Infarct size and other biomarkers of injury were evaluated by cresyl violet staining, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by immunofluorescence. Progesterone treatment started at 3 and 6 hours post occlusion significantly ( P<0.05) improved behavioral performance at all time points (74.01%) and reduced infarction volume (61.68%) compared with vehicle. No significant difference was observed between the 3 and 6 hour PROG treatment groups. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 and VEGF were upregulated in the PROG groups compared with vehicle. Glial fibrillary acidic protein expression was increased in the vehicle group but markedly lower in the PROG groups. Treatment delayed for 24 hours did not significantly improve functional outcomes or reduce infarction volume. We conclude that, under the right treatment conditions, PROG treatment delayed up to 6 hours can improve functional deficits and reduce brain infarction, possibly by modulating GFAP, VEGF, and MMP-9 expression.

scholarly journals Plasmatic retinol-binding protein 4 and glial fibrillary acidic protein as biomarkers to differentiate ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage

2015 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
pp. 416-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor Llombart ◽  
Teresa García-Berrocoso ◽  
Alejandro Bustamante ◽  
Dolors Giralt ◽  
David Rodriguez-Luna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Acidic Protein ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein 4

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of Plasma Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein for Differentiating Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Cerebral Ischemia in Patients with Symptoms of Acute Stroke

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Foerch ◽  
Marion Niessner ◽  
Tobias Back ◽  
Michael Bauerle ◽  
Gian Marco De Marchis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Acidic Protein ◽  
Stroke Mimic

Abstract BACKGROUND Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a biomarker candidate indicative of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in patients with symptoms of acute stroke. GFAP is released rapidly in the presence of expanding intracerebral bleeding, whereas a more gradual release occurs in ischemic stroke. In this study the diagnostic accuracy of plasma GFAP was determined in a prospective multicenter approach. METHODS Within a 1-year recruitment period, patients suspected of having acute (symptom onset &lt;4.5 h before admission) hemispheric stroke were prospectively included into the study in 14 stroke centers in Germany and Switzerland. A blood sample was collected at admission, and plasma GFAP was measured by use of an electrochemiluminometric immunoassay. The final diagnosis, established at hospital discharge, was classified as ICH, ischemic stroke, or stroke mimic. RESULTS The study included 205 patients (39 ICH, 163 ischemic stroke, 3 stroke mimic). GFAP concentrations were increased in patients with ICH compared with patients with ischemic stroke [median (interquartile range) 1.91 μg/L (0.41–17.66) vs 0.08 μg/L (0.02–0.14), P &lt; 0.001]. Diagnostic accuracy of GFAP for differentiating ICH from ischemic stroke and stroke mimic was high [area under the curve 0.915 (95% CI 0.847–0.982), P &lt; 0.001]. A GFAP cutoff of 0.29 μg/L provided diagnostic sensitivity of 84.2% and diagnostic specificity of 96.3% for differentiating ICH from ischemic stroke and stroke mimic. CONCLUSIONS Plasma GFAP analysis performed within 4.5 h of symptom onset can differentiate ICH and ischemic stroke. Studies are needed to evaluate a GFAP point-of-care system that may help optimize the prehospital triage and management of patients with symptoms of acute stroke.

scholarly journals Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Serum Level as a Predictor of Clinical Outcome in Ischemic Stroke

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1471-1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivien Puspitasari ◽  
Pricilla Yani Gunawan ◽  
Hugo Dwiputra Wiradarma ◽  
Vinson Hartoyo
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Acidic Protein ◽  
Stroke Severity ◽  
Severe Stroke ◽  
Protein Serum

BACKGROUND: Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) is a protein produced by astrocytes in response to brain injury, which then penetrates the cerebrospinal fluid and the blood stream. AIM: We sought to determine whether GFAP serum level in acute ischemic stroke could predict clinical outcome. METHODS: As much as 64 patients with first-ever ischemic stroke had their GFAP serum level measured at 72 hours after onset. The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was assessed during the 72 hours of onset, the seventh day, and followed up 1 month after. RESULTS: There were 46 men and 18 women included in the study. Mean age was 58.3 years old, and nearly half of them (46.9%) were between 50-59 years old. More than half (58.7%) presented with moderate to a severe stroke and mean GFAP serum level was 0.113 ± 0.029 ng/mL. GFAP serum levels had a significant correlation with NIHSS after 1 month (p = 0.04, r = 0.259). CONCLUSION: There is a significant correlation between GFAP serum levels with stroke severity scale after 1 month of stroke onset.

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