scholarly journals Which oropharyngeal factors are significant risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea? An age-matched study and dentist perspectives

2016 ◽  
Vol Volume 8 ◽  
pp. 215-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kittisak Sawanyawisuth ◽  
Supanigar Ruangsri ◽  
Teekayu Plangkoon Jorns ◽  
Subin Puasiri ◽  
Thitisan Luecha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Matched Study

scholarly journals Evaluation of Secondary Post-Tonsillectomy Bleeding among Children in Saudi Arabia: Risk Factor Analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 014556132094466
Author(s):  
Turki Aldrees ◽  
Abdullah Alzuwayed ◽  
Abdullah Majed ◽  
Abdulrhman Alzamil ◽  
Mohammed Almutairi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Peritonsillar Abscess ◽  
Recurrent Tonsillitis ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Background: Tonsillectomy is one of the most widely recognized surgeries for tonsillitis. It is the default surgery option for obstructive sleep apnea, recurrent tonsillitis, and recurrent peritonsillar abscess. However, there are limited risk factor analyses in Saudi Arabia related to tonsillectomy. The goal of study is to evaluate and analyze the risk factors for secondary post-tonsillectomy bleeding in Saudi Arabia. Method: This retrospective review study was directed at King Abdullah Specialized Children’s Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Univariate and multivariate investigations were performed to decide the risk factors. Results: A total of 713 children were included. Post-tonsillectomy bleeding occurred in only 5.3% of tonsillectomies. There was no seasonal variation impact on post-tonsillectomy bleeding rate ( P = .8). The multivariate analysis showed a significant association between post-tonsillectomy bleeding and both age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.156; 95% CI: 1.007-1.326; P = .039) and sleep disorder breathing/obstructive sleep apnea (OR = 3.581; 95% CI: 1.454-8.820; P = .006). Conclusion: This study revealed that age, sleep disorder/obstructive sleep apnea, and longer hospital stay after tonsillectomy are significant risk factors for post-tonsillectomy bleeding. This study provides an important baseline for further local studies in the future.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Epidemiology, Causes, and Consequences

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane C Lim ◽  
Richard J Schwab
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Cushing Syndrome ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Upper Airway Muscles ◽  
Underlying Diseases

As part one of the three chapters on sleep-disordered breathing, this chapter reviews obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) epidemiology, causes, and consequences. When comparing OSA prevalence between 1988 to 1994 and 2007 to 2010, we observe that OSA is rapidly on the rise, paralleling increasing rates in obesity. Global epidemiologic studies indicate that there are differences specific to ethnicity with Asians presenting with OSA at a lower body mass index than Caucasians. We have learned that structural and physiologic factors increase the risk of OSA and both can be influenced by genetics. Structural risk factors include craniofacial bony restriction, changes in fat distribution, and the size of the upper airway muscles. Physiologic risk factors include airway collapsibility, loop gain, pharyngeal muscle responsiveness, and arousal threshold. The consequences of OSA include daytime sleepiness and exacerbation of many underlying diseases. OSA has been associated with cardiovascular diseases including hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke, atrial fibrillation, and other cardiac arrhythmias; pulmonary hypertension; metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes, hypothyroidism, acromegaly, Cushing syndrome, and polycystic ovarian syndrome; mild cognitive impairment or dementia; and cancer. This review contains 4 figures, 1 table and 48 references. Key Words: cardiac consequences, craniofacial bony restriction, epidemiology, fat distribution, metabolic disease, neurodegeneration, obesity, obstructive sleep apnea

Abstract P195: Lack of Association between Sleep Duration and ECG Arrhythmia Risk Measures: Chicago Area Sleep Study

Circulation ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (suppl_12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Ng ◽  
Phyllis C Zee ◽  
Jeffrey J Goldberger ◽  
Kristen L Knutson ◽  
Kiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Qtc Interval ◽  
Sleep Study ◽  
Chicago Area ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Pr Interval

Introduction Sleep duration is significantly associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity in adults at low risk for obstructive sleep apnea. Although it is known that apnea increases the risk for sudden cardiac death, it is not known whether adults with short sleep duration independent of apnea have a higher risk for cardiac arrhythmias Hypothesis We tested the hypothesis that sleep duration in adults at low risk for obstructive sleep apnea would be associated with ECG measures that are known risk factors for ventricular arrhythmias. Methods The Chicago Area Sleep Study recruited 610 participants via commercially available telephone listings. Participants were screened using in-home apnea detection equipment (ApneaLinkTM) for one night to exclude subjects with apnea/hypopnea index ≥ 15. Participants wore wrist actigraphs for 7 days to objectively determine sleep duration. A 10-minute 12-lead ECG was recorded for each subject. Standard measures of heart rate, PR interval, and QTc interval were obtained along with markers of ventricular repolarization, Tpeak to Tend interval (Tpe) and spatial QRS-T angle. Signal-averaged ECG analysis was performed to measure filtered QRS duration (fQRSd), RMS voltage of terminal 40 ms (RMS), and duration of terminal QRS signals <40μV (LAS). Participants with atrial fibrillation, >20% ectopic beats and those using antihypertensive and sleep medications were excluded from analysis. The effect of sleep duration on the ECG parameters was estimated using a multiple linear regression model adjusting for demographics (sex, age, and race) and cardiovascular risk factors (BMI, hypertension, coronary heart disease, and diabetes). Results ECGs from a total of 504 participants (200 male, 48±8 years old) were analyzed. Mean sleep duration was 7±1 hrs, heart rate was 64±9 bpm, PR interval was 165±18 ms, and QTc interval was 424±23 ms. Mean Tpe interval was 83±14 ms and spatial QRS-T angle was 29±26 deg. The signal-averaged ECG measures of fQRSd, RMS, and LAS had mean values of 78±12 ms, 58±34 μV, and 24±9 ms, respectively. In an unadjusted model, there was a borderline association between sleep duration and QTc (β=0.004 ms/hr, SE=0.0023, p=0.08). However, that association was no longer significant following adjustment with demographics and cardiovascular risk factors. No other ECG measures were associated with sleep duration. Conclusions In a population at low risk of obstructive sleep apnea, ECG-based measures of cardiovascular risks were not associated with sleep duration. Previously reported associations between short sleep and cardiovascular events may not be arrhythmic in origin.

scholarly journals Apnea Monitor based on Bluetooth with Android Interface

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
I Dewa Made Wirayuda ◽  
I Dewa Gede Hari Wisana ◽  
Priyambada Cahya Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sudden Death ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Testing And Measurement ◽  
Mit App Inventor

Apnea monitor is a device that is used to give a warning if there is stop breathing. Stop breathing while sleeping is one form of obstructive sleep apnea. This cessation of breath cannot be underestimated, this is related to the main risk factors for health implications and increased cardiovascular disease and sudden death. The purpose of this study is to design an apnea monitor with the Android interface. This device allows the users to get how many times sleep apnea happens while sleeping and got data to analysis before continuing with a more expensive and advanced sleep test. This device used a flex sensor to detect the respiration rate, the sensor placed on the abdomen or belly so it can measure expand and deflate while breathing. The microcontroller uses an Arduino chip called AT-Mega328. Bluetooth HC-05 used to send respiration data to Android, MIT app inventor used for the android programmer, and on the android, there are plotting of respiration value and when the device detected apnea so the android also gives a warning to the user. Based on the results of testing and measurement then compare with another device, the results of the average% error were 3.61%. This apnea monitor design is portable but there are needs some improvement by using another sensor for detected respiration and using a module other than Bluetooth.

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