Design a Monitoring Device for Heart-Attack Early Detection Based on Respiration Rate and Body Temperature Parameters

Acute myocardial infarction, commonly referred to as a heart attack, is the most common cause of sudden death where a monitoring tool is needed that is equipped with a system that can notify doctors to take immediate action. The purpose of this study was to design a heart attack detection device through indicators of vital human signs. The contribution of this research is that the system works in real-time, has more parameters, uses wireless, and is equipped with a system to detect indications of a heart attack. In order for wireless monitoring to be carried out in real-time and supported by a detection system, this design uses a radio frequency module as data transmission and uses a warning system that is used for detection. Respiration rate was measured using the piezoelectric sensor, and body temperature was measured using the DS18B20 temperature sensor. Processing of sensor data is done with ESP32, which is displayed wirelessly by the HC-12 module on the PC. If an indication of a heart attack is detected in the parameter value, the tool will activate a notification on the PC. In every indication of a heart attack, it was found that this design can provide notification properly. The results showed that the largest respiratory error value was 4%, and the largest body temperature error value was 0.55%. The results of this study can be implemented in patients who have been diagnosed with heart attack disease so that it can facilitate monitoring the patient's condition.

Effect of Closed and Opened the Door to Temperature on PID-Based Baby Incubator with Kangaroo Mode

The uneven distribution of the baby incubator temperature can cause the temperature in the baby incubator to be different at each point. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the door closed and opened to the temperature at each point of sensor placement that has been determined. The study was conducted as an experimental research design. In this experiment, an Incu Analyzer comparison was used as a calibrator unit, a baby skin temperature thermistor sensor, and four LM35 sensors for baby incubator room temperature with one LM35 sensor as a PID control system carried out by trial-and-error method. Based on the results of measurements was made with the design, when the chamber is open, it produces an average error value of T1 4.083%, T2 6.06%, T3 3.78%, T4 4.88%, and T5 1.48%, while when the chamber is closed, it produces an average error value T1 0.75. %, T2 0.88%, T3 1.15%, T4 0.74%, and T5 0.87%. Measurement of skin temperature using a thermometer has an average error value of 1.1%. The results showed that uneven heat transfer, lack of air distribution, different sensor placements at each point, and non-standard chamber sizes were factors that were uneven at each point. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the use of a working system on this device can be implemented to control the temperature of the baby incubator by knowing the temperature distribution at each point

Vital Sign Monitor Device Equipped with a Telegram Notifications Based on Internet of Thing Platform

Vital Sign Monitor is a tool used to diagnose a patient who needs intensive care to know the condition of the patient. Parameters used in monitoring the patient's condition include body temperature and respiration. The contribution of this research designed a vital sign monitoring tool with IoT-based notifications so that remote monitoring can be done by utilizing web Thinger.io, LCD, RGB LEDs as a display of the results of the study and notify telegrams if it becomes abnormal to the patient's condition. Therefore, in order to produce accurate data in the process of data retrieval, a relaxed position of the patient is required and the stability of the wi-fi network so that monitoring is not hampered. The study used the DS18B20 digital temperature sensor placed on the axilla and the piezoelectric sensor placed on the abdomen of the patient. The results of the study were obtained by taking data on patients. The resulting temperature value will be compared to the thermometer, which produces the highest error value of 0.56%, which is still possible because the tolerance limit is 1oC. and for the collection of respiration values that have been compared to the patient monitor obtained the highest error value of 6.2%, which is still feasible because the tolerance limit is 10%. In this study, there is often a crash library between the temperature sensor and other sensors, so for further research, recommend to replacing the temperature sensor

A Simple Medical Record System of Non-Invasive Blood Glucose Level Measurement Results for Diabetes Care Using Graphical User Interface (GUI) MATLAB

We present a medical records system and reminders to patients of the measurement results of non-invasive blood glucose levels. Measuring blood glucose levels is vital in avoiding potential adverse health effects like diabetes. Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder caused by a decrease in the pancreas to produce insulin. Generally, measuring blood glucose levels using the conventional method is injure the patient's finger. Currently, the non-invasive method was famous as one of the detections of blood glucose by applying the physical properties of laser absorption. In this paper, we use the photodiode as a detector, the LED as a sensor, and a signal conditioning circuit. The results showed that non-invasive glucose monitoring has the potential to measure glucose levels with sensitivity and linearity of 3.21 mg/dL and 98%, respectively. As a result of measuring the blood glucose levels of the subject was displayed on the LCD module was designed. We designed a simple application and medical record using Blynk applications and GUI MATLAB for recording the measurement results of blood glucose level. In the future, applications that have been developed can be used by doctors for monitoring the measurement of the blood glucose level and provide information to patients by mobile applications, sending an email or message the measurement results, the decision of a disease or not, and reminds the re-measurement time.

Automatic Measurement of Neutral Foot Posture Using Three-Dimensional Scanning

The Rearfoot Angle (RFA) is the most commonly method used for foot posture assessment, and it is also a method for evaluating the subtalar joint neutral foot posture. However, orthopedists and researchers often meet trouble for the measurements of the RFA and neutral foot posture due to lacking measurement with automation and objectivity. In general, the RFA was measured using a goniometer to align with manual markers on the foot. The purpose of this study implements the automatic computing of leg angle, foot angle, and RFA by the foot model using Three-Dimensional (3D) scanning. This study contributes to the algorithms to The purpose of this study implement the automatic and objective computing of leg angle, foot angle, and RFA by the foot model using 3D scanning. The automatic calculation on leg angle, foot angle, and neutral foot posture has been created, test, and validated completely in this study. There are two algorithm methods proposed to determine the midpoint on the leg or foot outline. The midline has been computed by linear regression through five midpoints. The leg and foot angles are calculated by the tibial and calcaneal midlines, respectively. Through the subject standing on eversion foot platforms, the neutral posture of the foot can be computed by the leg and foot angles determined by the 3D model scanned of the foot with various tilt angles. The determinations of the midpoint and midline have been demonstrated algorithm by MATLAB. Based on comparing with the goniometer measured, selecting the midpoint algorithm of the limit points and the lowest point methods to determine the tibial and calcaneal midlines respectively would carry out better results. The foot 3D scanning measurement proposed in this study has been tested and validated from the goniometer. This study can determine the leg angle, foot angle, and neutral foot postures for a subject with normal weight status, but be not suitable for that with obese weight status. In the future, this study can provide guidance for foot posture assessment and personal insoles design.

Modeling, Simulation, and Stabilization of Two Wheels Inverted Pendulum Robot Using Hybrid Fuzzy Control

Two wheels inverted pendulum robot has the same characteristics as inverted pendulum, which are unstable and nonlinear. Nonlinear systems can often be linearized by approximating them by a linear system obtained by expanding the nonlinear solution in a series, and then linear techniques can be used. Fuzzy logic control is the famous nonlinear controller that has been used by researchers to analyze the performance of a system due to the easiness to understand the nature of the controller. This research discusses about two wheels inverted pendulum robot design using hybrid fuzzy control. There are two types of fuzzy control, namely Fuzzy Balanced Standing Control (FBSC) to maintain stability and Fuzzy Traveling and Position Control (FTPC) to maintain position. Based on Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model on two wheels inverted pendulum robot, FBSC control used Parallel Distributed Compensation (PDC) with pole placement technic. Based on two wheels inverted pendulum robot movement characteristics, FTPC was designed using Mamdani Fuzzy architecture. FTPC control is used to help FBSC to maintain robot stability and to adjust to the desired position. Simulation result shows that controller for two wheels inverted pendulum robot can stabilize pendulum angle in 0 radian and close to the desired position

Optimization of Central Air Conditioning Plant by Scheduling the Chiller Ignition for Chiller Electrical Energy Management

Currently, the demand for electrical energy in homes, buildings, and industry is increasing, in line with population and economic growth. Of course, because of the massive use of electrical energy, it is necessary to increase efficiency. Large shopping malls in some countries are the biggest consume electricity, especially when it comes to cooling systems. Therefore, it is necessary to save energy in shopping centers. Because there are still few tenants and shopping centers that are relatively quiet, the mall's energy consumption is low, so it requires increasing energy-efficient consumption efficiency by optimizing power management and calculating the chiller performance coefficient (COP). This research aims to increase the chiller performance coefficient (COP) to save energy in shopping centers. The optimization method used is to make changes to the chiller ignition schedule when it's used in malls. Through the analysis from this research, it was found that the COP increased to 0.584, and the value before optimization was 6.181. With increasing COP, the chiller performance will increase. The effect of increasing the chiller's performance could optimize the electrical energy efficiency of the chiller in 138.82 kWh/day

Speed Adjustment on Variable Frequency Induction Motor Using PLC for Automatic Polishing Machine

PT. ROFENTI KARSA TAMA is a ceramic industry that produces products in the form of ceramics from natural stone which are addressed in Winong GEMPOL Village - MALANG. To produce a perfect ceramic process requires absolutely reliable electrical and mechanical equipment. In an automatic system a frequency converter is used as a speed regulator, because in a manual system using a grinder, the capacity is only 0.57Kw (kilowatts), and the production effect is not good. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to design an automatic polishing machine using a PLC-based converter. Based on the PLC, the capacity is 5 or 5 Kw (kilowatts). This system can increase ceramic output and improve quality. In this case, assuming that the operator usually uses an automatic system to complete the work of the three operators, the polishing machine production costs can be reduced. Through system improvement, production quality can be improved, manual polishing operators can only produce 480 pieces per day, while the automatic system can produce 1,536 pieces. One day, the polishing operator will save production costs of Rp 2.7 million per month.

Design an Infusion Device Analyzer with Flow Rate Parameters using Photodiode Sensor

Infusion devices are the basis for primary health care, that is to provide medicine, nutrition, and hydration to patients. One of the infusion devices is a syringe pump and an infusion pump. This device is very important to assist the volume and flow that enters the patient's body, especially in situations related to neonatology or cancer treatment. Therefore, a comparison tool is needed to see whether the equipment is used or not. The purpose of this research is to make an infusion device analyzer (IDA) design with a flow rate parameter. The contribution of this research is that the tool can calculate the correct value of the flow rate that comes out of the infusion pump and syringe pump. The water released by the infusion pump or syringe pump will be converted into droplets which are then detected by the sensor. This tool uses an infrared sensor and a photodiode. The results obtained by the sensor will come by Arduino nano and code it to the 16x2 Character Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and can be stored on an SD Card so that it can be analyzed further. In setting the flow rate for the syringe pump of 100 mL / hour, the error value is 3.9, 50 ml / hour 0.02, 20 mL / hour 0.378, 10 mL / hour 0.048, and 5 mL / hour 0.01. The results show that the average error of the syringe pump performance read by the module is 0.87. The results obtained from this study can be implemented for the calibration of the infusion pump and the syringe pump so that it can be determined whether the device is suitable or not

Design of Two Channel Infusion Pump Analyzer Using Photo Diode Detector

In the medical world, patient safety is a top priority. The large number of workloads and the frequency of using the devices in the long run will affect the accuracy and accuracy of the tool. If the flow rate and volume of the syringe pump or infusion pump given to the patient are not controlled (overdose or the fluid flow rate is too high) it can cause hypertension, heart failure or pulmonary edema. Therefore, it is necessary to have a calibration, which is an application activity to determine the correctness of the designation of the measuring instrument or measuring material. The purpose of this research is to make a two channel infusion device analyzer using a photodiode sensor. The contribution of this research is that the system can display three calibration results in one measurement at the same setting and can calibrate 2 tools simultaneously. The design of the module is in the form of an infrared photodiode sensor for reading the flowrate value. This study uses an infrared photodiode sensor for channels 1 and 2 installed in the chamber. This study uses a flow rate formula that is applied to the water level system to obtain 3 calibration results. Infrared photodiode sensor will detect the presence of water flowing in the chamber from an infusion or syringe pump. Then the sensor output will be processed by STM32 and 3 calibration results will be displayed on the 20x4 LCD. This tool has an average error value on channel 1 of 3.50% and on channel 2 of 3.39%. It can be concluded that the whole system can work well, the placement and distance between the infrared photodiodes also affects the sensor readings