scholarly journals Mindfulness meditation in the treatment of substance use disorders and preventing future relapse: neurocognitive mechanisms and clinical implications

2018 ◽  
Vol Volume 9 ◽  
pp. 103-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Priddy ◽  
Matthew O. Howard ◽  
Adam W. Hanley ◽  
Michael R. Riquino ◽  
Katarina Friberg-Felsted ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Mindfulness Meditation ◽  
Clinical Implications

scholarly journals Substance use disorders and psychological trauma

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 257-260
Author(s):  
Shaheen Shora ◽  
Elizabeth Stone ◽  
Keron Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
The Impact

Aims and MethodThe Impact of Events Scale was administered to 104 in-patients detoxing from alcohol or opiates to determine the prevalence of psychological trauma, the severity of its symptoms and the types of trauma responsible for symptoms.ResultsOut of the 104 in-patients undergoing detoxification, 75 had symptoms of psychological trauma; in 60 patients the symptoms were in the treatable range. Patients with alcohol-dependence were more severely affected. ‘Life events’ traumatised a higher proportion of individuals than ‘traumatic events’.Clinical ImplicationsPsychological trauma requiring treatment is commonly found in substance misusers. This is rarely addressed despite the cormorbid disorder running a complicated clinical course. There are conflicting opinions about best practice, but consideration should be given to providing patients with accessible treatments for psychological trauma.

Clinical Implications of Reinforcement as a Determinant of Substance Use Disorders

2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 431-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen T. Higgins ◽  
Sarah H. Heil ◽  
Jennifer Plebani Lussier
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Clinical Implications

scholarly journals Mindfulness Meditation for Substance Use Disorders: A Systematic Review

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 266-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Zgierska ◽  
David Rabago ◽  
Neharika Chawla ◽  
Kenneth Kushner ◽  
Robert Koehler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Mindfulness Meditation

scholarly journals Stress Allostasis in Substance Use Disorders: Promise, Progress, and Emerging Priorities in Clinical Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 401-430
Author(s):  
Gaylen E. Fronk ◽  
Sarah J. Sant'Ana ◽  
Jesse T. Kaye ◽  
John J. Curtin
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Treatment Development ◽  
Etiologic Role ◽  
Stress Biology ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biology Research

Clinicians and researchers alike have long believed that stressors play a pivotal etiologic role in risk, maintenance, and/or relapse of alcohol and other substance use disorders (SUDs). Numerous seminal and contemporary theories on SUD etiology posit that stressors may motivate drug use and that individuals who use drugs chronically may display altered responses to stressors. We use foundational basic stress biology research as a lens through which to evaluate critically the available evidence to support these key stress–SUD theses in humans. Additionally, we examine the field's success to date in targeting stressors and stress allostasis in treatments for SUDs. We conclude with our recommendations for how best to advance our understanding of the relationship between stressors and drug use, and we discuss clinical implications for treatment development.

What Did You Expect? Substance Use Expectancies Mediate the Relationships Between Dark Triad Traits, Substance Use, and Substance Preference

2018 ◽  
Vol 121 (5) ◽  
pp. 831-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Jordan Gott ◽  
Melanie D. Hetzel-Riggin
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Enhancement ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Specific Substance ◽  
Substances Of Abuse

This study explores the role of substance use expectancies as mediators between the Dark Triad of personality, substance use, and substance use preferences. A sample of college students ( M = 19.38, SD = 2.63, N = 207) completed an online questionnaire that assessed the Dark Triad traits, substance use history, substance preferences, and substance use expectancies. Three specific substance use expectancies—increased confidence, tension reduction, and cognitive enhancement—were shown to either partially or fully mediate the relationships between the Dark Triad and substance use behaviors and preference for certain substances of abuse. These findings may hold clinical implications for the treatment of substance use disorders and further the understanding of factors contributing to the etiology and progression of substance abuse and substance use disorders.

scholarly journals The clinical relevance of attentional bias in substance use disorders

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt Field ◽  
Reshmi Marhe ◽  
Ingmar H. A. Franken
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Attentional Bias ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Motivational State ◽  
Attentional Bias Modification ◽  
Predictive Relationship ◽  
Bias Modification ◽  
Subsequent Relapse

Individuals with substance use disorders typically show an “attentional bias” for substance-related cues: Those cues are able to grab and hold the attention, in preference to other cues in the environment. We discuss the theoretical context for this work before reviewing the measurement of attentional bias, and its relationship to motivational state and relapse to substance use after a period of abstinence. Finally, we discuss the implications of this research for the treatment of substance use disorders. We conclude that attentional bias is associated with subjective craving, and that moment-by-moment fluctuations in attentional bias may precede relapse to substance use. The evidence regarding the predictive relationship between attentional bias assessed in treatment contexts and subsequent relapse is inconsistent. Furthermore, there is currently insufficient evidence to endorse attentional bias modification as a treatment for substance use disorders. Clinical implications and suggestions for future research are highlighted.

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