Substance use disorders and psychological trauma

Aims and MethodThe Impact of Events Scale was administered to 104 in-patients detoxing from alcohol or opiates to determine the prevalence of psychological trauma, the severity of its symptoms and the types of trauma responsible for symptoms.ResultsOut of the 104 in-patients undergoing detoxification, 75 had symptoms of psychological trauma; in 60 patients the symptoms were in the treatable range. Patients with alcohol-dependence were more severely affected. ‘Life events’ traumatised a higher proportion of individuals than ‘traumatic events’.Clinical ImplicationsPsychological trauma requiring treatment is commonly found in substance misusers. This is rarely addressed despite the cormorbid disorder running a complicated clinical course. There are conflicting opinions about best practice, but consideration should be given to providing patients with accessible treatments for psychological trauma.

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The impact of poly-traumatization on treatment outcomes in young people with substance use disorders

BMC Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/s12888-021-03129-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sidsel Karsberg ◽

Morten Hesse ◽

Michael Mulbjerg Pedersen ◽

Ruby Charak ◽

Mads Uffe Pedersen

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Psychological Trauma ◽

Well Being ◽

Traumatic Experiences ◽

Treatment Entry ◽

Trauma Types ◽

Using Data ◽

The Impact ◽

Drug Use Disorder

Abstract Background It is believed that clients with psychological trauma experiences have a poor prognosis with regard to treatment participation and outcomes for substance use disorders. However, knowledge on the effect of the number of trauma experiences is scarce. Methods Using data from drug use disorder (DUD) treatment in Denmark, we assessed the impact of having experienced multiple potentially traumatic experiences on DUD treatment efficacy. Baseline and follow-up data from 775 young participants (mean age = 20.2 years, standard deviation = 2.6) recruited at nine treatment centers were included in analyses. Results Analyses showed that participants who were exposed multiple trauma experiences also reported a significantly higher intake of cannabis at treatment entry, and a lower well-being score than participants who reported less types or no types of victimization experiences. During treatment, patients with multiple types of trauma experiences showed a slower rate of reduction of cannabis than patients with few or no trauma experiences. The number of trauma types was not associated with number of sessions attended or the development of well-being in treatment. Conclusion Overall, the results show that although traumatized youth in DUD treatment show up for treatment, helping them to reduce substance use during treatment is uniquely challenging. Trial registration ISRCTN88025085, date of registration: 29.08.2016, retrospectively registered.

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Standard EMDR Protocol for Alcohol and Substance Dependence Comorbid With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Four Cases With 12-Month Follow-Up

Journal of EMDR Practice and Research ◽

10.1891/1933-3196.10.1.33 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 33-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Claire Kullack ◽

Jonathan Laugharne

Keyword(s):

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽

Substance Use ◽

Alcohol Dependence ◽

Posttraumatic Stress ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Substance Dependence ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Case Series ◽

Post Traumatic Stress

This report begins with a summary of the literature regarding the theoretical models behind the comorbid relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder and substance use disorders and the various modified addiction protocols formulated to assist in treating these disorders. This case series outlines the effect that the standard eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) protocol had on alcohol and substance dependence for 4 patients who attended our Post Traumatic Stress Clinic in Fremantle, Western Australia, primarily for treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder. Patients were assessed for substance use disorders using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Plus prior to, immediately after, and 12 months after completing EMDR therapy. Results indicate that the standard EMDR protocol was successful in reducing alcohol and substance use. Prior to treatment, 3 patients met criteria for alcohol dependence and 1 met criteria for substance dependence. At 12-month follow-up, 3 out of 4 clients did not meet the diagnostic criteria for current alcohol dependence or current substance dependence. The implications of these findings are discussed with reference to theories of comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder and substance use disorder and the modified EMDR protocols developed for patients with substance dependence.

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The impact of intolerance of emotional distress and uncertainty on veterans with co-occurring PTSD and substance use disorders

Journal of Anxiety Disorders ◽

10.1016/j.janxdis.2016.03.003 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. 73-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Anne N. Banducci ◽

Sarah J. Bujarski ◽

Marcel O. Bonn-Miller ◽

Amee Patel ◽

Kevin M. Connolly

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Emotional Distress ◽

The Impact

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A review of recent literature on the impact of parental substance use disorders on children and the provision of effective services

Current Opinion in Psychiatry ◽

10.1097/yco.0000000000000421 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 363-367 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Shulamith L.A. Straussner ◽

Christine H. Fewell

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Recent Literature ◽

Parental Substance Use ◽

The Impact

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“Turning the tide” in Treatment of substance use: A nursing response

Journal of Nursing Education and Practice ◽

10.5430/jnep.v8n2p116 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 116 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Julie Worley ◽

Kathleen R. Delaney

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Healthcare Provider ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Review Of Literature ◽

Evidence Based Treatment ◽

The Impact

Objective: To analyze science and practice surrounding nursing approaches to substance use disorders (SUDs) and make recommendations for the future.Methods: A review of literature and topics related to healthcare provider stigma, science surrounding SUDs, nursing approaches to SUDs in education and practice and evidence based treatment was conducted, analyzed and synthesized.Results: Stigma is embedded in nursing approach to SUDs, up to date information regarding SUDs is not widely disseminated or practiced in nursing.Conclusions: To reduce the impact of stigma and to bring nurses into the “turning the Tide” movement requires an understanding of how beliefs root stigma, building knowledge related to SUDs as an illness, and expansion of nurses' skill when intervening with individuals dealing with SUDs.

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Mindfulness meditation in the treatment of substance use disorders and preventing future relapse: neurocognitive mechanisms and clinical implications

Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation ◽

10.2147/sar.s145201 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol Volume 9 ◽

pp. 103-114 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Sarah E. Priddy ◽

Matthew O. Howard ◽

Adam W. Hanley ◽

Michael R. Riquino ◽

Katarina Friberg-Felsted ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Mindfulness Meditation ◽

Clinical Implications

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Substance use Treatment and Harm Reduction Services for Migrants and Refugees in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Findings from a Global Survey

10.21203/rs.3.rs-123740/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Cornelis De Jong ◽

Ali Farhoudian ◽

Mehrnoosh Vahidi ◽

Mohsen Ebrahimi ◽

Hamed Ekhtiari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Harm Reduction ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

World Health ◽

Substance Use Treatment ◽

Second Phase ◽

Addiction Medicine ◽

Global Survey ◽

The Impact

Abstract Migrants and refugees are considered vulnerable to mental health problems and substance use disorders; and may be particularly affected by service disruptions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic The International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM) ran a multi-phased global survey among clinicians and health professional that are actively working in the field of addiction medicine to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on substance use and related services. In March 2020, the first month after the announcement of the pandemic by the World Health Organization, 177 informants from 77 countries took part in the global survey, and only 12.9% of them reported their countries’ substance use treatment and harm reduction services for the migrants and refugees with substance use disorders continued as usual. In May 2020, 11.7% of respondents of the second phase reported that the services for refugees and migrants improved in comparison to March 2020; 11.7% reported that these services in their country discontinued. Results suggest that refugee and migrants access to treatment and harm reduction services has been reduced as a result of COVID-19. It can be concluded that it is crucial to improve the visibility of migrants’ needs and exploit appropriate interventions for those with substance use disorders.

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The Impact of Training Indigenous Facilitators for a Two-Eyed Seeing Research Treatment Intervention for Intergenerational Trauma and Addiction

International Indigenous Policy Journal ◽

10.18584/iipj.2020.11.4.8623 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 1-20

Author(s):

Teresa Naseba Marsh ◽

David C. Marsh ◽

Lisa M. Najavits

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Research Effort ◽

Traditional Healers ◽

Traditional Healing ◽

Intergenerational Trauma ◽

Seeking Safety ◽

Traditional Healing Practices ◽

The Impact ◽

Sharing Circles

Intergenerational trauma in Indigenous Peoples was not the result of a targeted event, but rather political and governmental policies inflicted upon entire generations. The resultant effects of these traumas and multiple losses include addiction, depression, anxiety, violence, self-destructive behaviors, and suicide, to name but a few. Traditional healers, Elders, and Indigenous facilitators agree that the reclamation of traditional healing practices combined with conventional interventions could be effective in addressing intergenerational trauma and substance use disorders. Recent research has shown that the blending of Indigenous traditional healing practices and the Western treatment model Seeking Safety resulted in a reduction of intergenerational trauma (IGT) symptoms and substance use disorders (SUD). This article focuses on the Indigenous facilitators who were recruited and trained to conduct the sharing circles as part of the research effort. We describe the six-day training, which focused on the implementation of the Indigenous Healing and Seeking Safety model, as well as the impact the training had on the facilitators. Through the viewpoints and voices of the facilitators, we explore the growth and changes the training brought about for them, as well as their perception of how their changes impacted their clients.

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