scholarly journals CASE REPORTS OF JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS:AN UNDERDIAGNOSED ENTITY IN AN ENDEMIC REGION OF UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 533-536
Author(s):  
Hiba Sami ◽  
◽  
Shariq Wadood Khan ◽  
Farogh Hassan ◽  
Zeeshan Mustafa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Emerging Viruses ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Acute Encephalitis Syndrome ◽  
Acute Encephalitis

Emerging viruses causing Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (AES) can be more damaging due to irreversible brain damage, irrespective of the identical medical characteristics created by all agents. We report two cases of acute encephalitis syndrome caused by Japanese encephalitis virus from a usually under-reported geographic region of India. Both patients were managed conservatively with favourable outcome in one of them.There should be considerable effort to identify the particular causative agent that triggers AES, bearing in mind the various clinical manifestations of Japanese encephalitis virus. Although there is no significant impact on management, it is possible to prevent transmission to healthy contacts and the community through vector control and vaccination.

scholarly journals Incidence of Japanese encephalitis virus among patients presenting with acute encephalitis syndrome in a tertiary care hospital, West Bengal, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 5947
Author(s):  
Arup Roy ◽  
Poulami Saha ◽  
Asraful Islam ◽  
Rajdeep Saha ◽  
Abhishek Sengupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Acute Encephalitis Syndrome ◽  
Acute Encephalitis

Background: Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a flavivirus related to dengue, yellow fever and West Nile viruses, and is spread by mosquitoes. JEV is the main cause of viral encephalitis in many countries of Asia with an estimated 68000 clinical cases every year. Although symptomatic Japanese encephalitis (JE) is rare, the case-fatality rate among those with encephalitis can be as high as 30%. Permanent neurologic or psychiatric sequelae can occur in 30-50% of those with encephalitis. This study was conducted to find the incidence of JEV IgM in patients presenting with acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) in Raiganj govt. medical college and hospital, Uttar Dinajpur, West Bengal, India.Methods: Blood and CSF samples were collected from patients presenting with AES. IgM antibody capture ELISA was performed on the CSF and serum samples by JE virus MAC ELISA kit.Results: The overall prevalence of JEV IgM was 13.8%. Among the positive cases male comprised of 71.4% and female 28.5%. The most common age group affected was above 16 years of age. JEV prevalence was present throughout the year with high number of cases between the monsoon and post monsoon seasons.Conclusions: This study demonstrates the endemicity of JEV in Uttar Dinajpur district of West Bengal, India. As most of the JE cases are asymptomatic strengthening the existing surveillance system is required to find out the actual scenario of JEV in West Bengal. Control of vectors, early diagnosis and treatment, vaccinations are the key to decrease the morbidity and mortality caused by JEV. 

scholarly journals Clinical profile and outcome of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) patients treated in College of Medical Sciences-Teaching Hospital

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Lekhjung J Thapa ◽  
RS Twayana ◽  
R Shilpakar ◽  
MR Ghimire ◽  
A Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Acute Encephalitis Syndrome ◽  
Acute Encephalitis

Objective: Acute encephalitis syndrome is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality in Nepal. Although Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) was thought to be a major cause for acute encephalitis syndrome, more non-Japanese encephalitis virus cases are reported. The outcome of patients with acute encephalitis syndrome is variable. Our study was designed to study the clinical profile and outcome of patients with acute encephalitis syndrome managed in tertiary care center in central Nepal. Methods: The record of patients admitted with diagnosis of acute encephalitis syndrome,from January 2010 to December 2010 in College of Medical Sciences-Teaching Hospital (CMS-TH) was reviewed. They were classified clinically as meningitis, encephalitis and meningoencephalitis. The clinical details and reports of the patients were recorded and analyzed. Results: Total of 85 cases of meningitis and encephalitis were identified. Mean age was 19.18 years. Fifty-six (65.9%) patients were males and 29 (34.1%) were females. Sixty (70.58%) patients had meningitis, 8 (9.41%) had encephalitis, and 17 (20.0%) had meningoencephalitis. JE serology was positive in 4 patients (4.7%). Seventy-two (84.7%) patients made full recovery and were discharged from hospital. Thirteen (15.3%) patients left against medical advice (LAMA). Conclusion: Acute encephalitis syndrome is still a major public health problem in Nepal. Few of these patients have Japanese Encephalitis. There is a trend towards improved outcome because of availability of improved health services. However, financial constraint remains a challenge in management of acute encephalitis syndrome. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2013, Vol-9, No-2, 31-37 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v9i2.9685

Effect of High-Dose Dexamethasone on the Outcome of Acute Encephalitis Due to Japanese Encephalitis Virus

1992 ◽  
Vol 165 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Hoke ◽  
D. W. Vaughn ◽  
A. Nisalak ◽  
P. Intralawan ◽  
S. Poolsuppasit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
High Dose ◽  
High Dose Dexamethasone ◽  
Acute Encephalitis

Immunogenicity of the Inactivated Japanese Encephalitis Virus Vaccine IXIARO in Children From a Japanese Encephalitis Virus-endemic Region

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 898-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin L. Dubischar ◽  
Vera Kadlecek ◽  
Benjamin Sablan ◽  
Charissa Fay Borja-Tabora ◽  
Salvacion Gatchalian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Virus Vaccine ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Endemic Region

scholarly journals Japanese Encephalitis in Children admitted at Patan Hospital

1970 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
SR Shresta ◽  
P Awale ◽  
S Neupane ◽  
N Adhikari ◽  
BK Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Pediatric Ward ◽  
Acute Encephalitis Syndrome ◽  
Acute Encephalitis ◽  
Chief Complaints ◽  
Hospital Study ◽  
Record Section

This is a hospital based retrospective study, which was done in Pediatric ward of Patan hospital. Study period was one and half year (from Srawan 2063 to 2064 poush).Data were taken from discharge book of Pediatric ward, from the record section of this hospital, and from JE surveillance office, WHO, Kathmandu. All children from 1 month to 14 years ,who were admitted in Pediatric ward with symptoms of Meningitis, Meningoencephalitis and Encephalitis were included in this study and patients more than 14 years of age and symptoms not suggestive of meningitis, meningoencephalitis or encephalitis were excluded from the study. Headache; vomiting and fever were the chief complaints of patients. Two patients died during study period. There were 16 patients with serologically confirmed Japanese encephalitis. Key words: Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), arthropod borne disease, Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES).   doi:10.3126/jnps.v29i1.1595 J. Nepal Paediatr. Soc. Vol.29(1) p.17-21

scholarly journals Japanese Encephalitis Virus as Cause of Acute Encephalitis, Bhutan

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2239-2242
Author(s):  
Sonam Wangchuk ◽  
Tshewang Dorji Tamang ◽  
Jit Bahadur Darnal ◽  
Sonam Pelden ◽  
Karma Lhazeen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Acute Encephalitis

scholarly journals Early Events in Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infection: Viral Entry

Pathogens ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Im Yun ◽  
Young-Min Lee
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Viral Glycoprotein ◽  
Positive Strand Rna

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a mosquito-borne zoonotic flavivirus, is an enveloped positive-strand RNA virus that can cause a spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from mild febrile illness to severe neuroinvasive disease. Today, several killed and live vaccines are available in different parts of the globe for use in humans to prevent JEV-induced diseases, yet no antivirals are available to treat JEV-associated diseases. Despite the progress made in vaccine research and development, JEV is still a major public health problem in southern, eastern, and southeastern Asia, as well as northern Oceania, with the potential to become an emerging global pathogen. In viral replication, the entry of JEV into the cell is the first step in a cascade of complex interactions between the virus and target cells that is required for the initiation, dissemination, and maintenance of infection. Because this step determines cell/tissue tropism and pathogenesis, it is a promising target for antiviral therapy. JEV entry is mediated by the viral glycoprotein E, which binds virions to the cell surface (attachment), delivers them to endosomes (endocytosis), and catalyzes the fusion between the viral and endosomal membranes (membrane fusion), followed by the release of the viral genome into the cytoplasm (uncoating). In this multistep process, a collection of host factors are involved. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the viral and cellular components involved in JEV entry into host cells, with an emphasis on the initial virus-host cell interactions on the cell surface.

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