scholarly journals Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus mosseae) on growth enhancement and nutrient (NPK) uptake of three grape (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars under three different water deficit levels

2019 ◽  
pp. 1401-1408
Author(s):  
Azimeh Kamayestani ◽  
Mehdi Rezaei ◽  
Ali Sarkhosh ◽  
Hamid Reza Asghari
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Glomus Mosseae ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Growth Enhancement ◽  
Symbiotic Interaction ◽  
Area Index

We tested the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and three levels of water deficit on growth enhancement, physiological performance and nutrient uptake of three local Iranian grape cultivars. Mycorrhizal inoculation (Glomus mosseae) showed a significant increase in grape's growth characteristics, and variation was observed among the cultivars and field capacity percent (FC %) levels. Mycorrhiza inoculation increased significantly (p<0.05) the number of leaves in ‘Pikani’ and ‘Shahroudi’. The results showed that water deficit significantly increased the chlorophyll index and decreased the stomatal conductance, leaf relative water content (RWC), leaf area index, nitrogen (N%) content, and increased proline content (P<0.05). Water deficit and mycorrhiza increased potassium (K%) in all cultivars and phosphorous (P%) in two cultivars (‘Shahrudi’ and ‘Keshmeshi’) significantly (P<0.05). By increasing the water deficit level, ‘Shahrudi’ and ‘Keshmeshi’ showed more relative drought resistance than ‘Pikani’. The cultivar ‘Shahrudi’ showed a better symbiotic interaction with mycorrhiza and more resistance to water deficit in some traits in comparison to other two cultivars.

scholarly journals Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation Improves Capparis spinosa’s Yield, Nutrient Uptake and Photosynthetic Efficiency under Water Deficit

Agronomy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Mohammed Bouskout ◽  
Mohammed Bourhia ◽  
Mohamed Najib Al Feddy ◽  
Hanane Dounas ◽  
Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Photosynthetic Efficiency ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Capparis Spinosa ◽  
Agricultural Yields

Agricultural yields are under constant jeopardy as climate change and abiotic pressures spread worldwide. Using rhizospheric microbes as biostimulants/biofertilizers is one of the best ways to improve agro-agriculture in the face of these things. The purpose of this experiment was to investigate whether a native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculum (AMF-complex) might improve caper (Capparis spinosa) seedlings’ nutritional status, their morphological/growth performance and photosynthetic efficiency under water-deficit stress (WDS). Thus, caper plantlets inoculated with or without an AMF complex (+AMF and −AMF, respectively) were grown under three gradually increasing WDS regimes, i.e., 75, 50 and 25% of field capacity (FC). Overall, measurements of morphological traits, biomass production and nutrient uptake (particularly P, K+, Mg2+, Fe2+ and Zn2+) showed that mycorrhizal fungi inoculation increased these variables significantly, notably in moderate and severe WDS conditions. The increased WDS levels reduced the photochemical efficiency indices (Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo) in −AMF plants, while AMF-complex application significantly augmented these parameters. Furthermore, the photosynthetic pigments content was substantially higher in +AMF seedlings than −AMF controls at all the WDS levels. Favorably, at 25% FC, AMF-colonized plants produce approximately twice as many carotenoids as non-colonized ones. In conclusion, AMF inoculation seems to be a powerful eco-engineering strategy for improving the caper seedling growth rate and drought tolerance in harsh environments.

scholarly journals   Bioprotection against Gaeumannomyces graminis in barley a comparison between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 256-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Castellanos-Morales ◽  
R. Cárdenas-Navarro ◽  
J.M. García-Garrido ◽  
A. Illana ◽  
J.A. Ocampo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Glomus Mosseae ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis ◽  
Split Root System ◽  
Cereal Plants ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis Var Tritici

Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici causes take-all disease, the most important root disease of cereal plants. Cereal plants are able to form a symbiotic association with soil-borne arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi which can provide bioprotection against soil-borne fungal pathogens. However, the bioprotective effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi against soil-borne fungal pathogens might vary. In the present study we tested the systemic bioprotective effect of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae, Glomus intraradices and Gigaspora rosea against the soil-borne fungal pathogen Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici in a barley split-root system. Glomus intraradices, Glomus mosseae and Gigaspora rosea colonized the split-root system of barley plants at different levels; however, all arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi clearly reduced the level of root lesions due to the pathogen Gaeumannomyces graminis. Our data indicate that some arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi need high root colonization rates to protect plants against fungal pathogens, whereas others act already at low root colonization rates. &nbsp; &nbsp;

scholarly journals Inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi on the growth and tolerance to water deficit of coffee plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 747-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel D. Moreira ◽  
André C. França ◽  
Wellington W. Rocha ◽  
Evandro S. R. Tibães ◽  
Eudes Neiva Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Mycorrhizal Colonization ◽  
Coffee Plants ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Water Contents

ABSTRACT Water stress can be alleviated in plants inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi compared to that experienced by those without mycorrhizae. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth of coffee plants colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under different soil moisture conditions. Seeds of the coffee cultivar Catuaí Vermelho IAC 99 and three fungal inoculants (Rhizophagus clarus, Claroideoglomus etunicatum and Dentiscutata heterogama) were used in this study. The soil moisture contents tested were 40, 60, 80, and 100% of field capacity. Seedlings in the matchstick stage were inoculated with mycorrhizae, and then later planted in plastic pots when they developed four to five pairs of definitive leaves. Both the extent of mycorrhizal colonization and increases in leaf area were related to soil moisture content in a quadratic manner for plants inoculated with all three mycorhizzal fungi (R. clarus, C. etunicatum, and D. heterogama), as well as for non-inoculated ones. The highest value of colonization of coffee by mycorrhizae was 39%, which occurred in association with R. clarus at 71% of field capacity. The leaf areas of plants inoculated with fungi increased more than those of non-inoculated plants, regardless of the type of inoculum used. Plants inoculated with D. heterogama at 100% field capacity produced 21% more root dry mass than non-inoculated plants did. Inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and higher soil moisture increased the growth of coffee seedlings. The plants inoculated with R. clarus, C. etunicatum, and D. heterogama were tolerant to moderate water deficits (i.e. lower soil water contents). Mycorrhizal colonization was highest for plants in soils with moisture levels close to 75% of field capacity.

scholarly journals Aminoacids and Flavonoids Profiling in Tempranillo Berries Can Be Modulated by the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torres ◽  
Hilbert ◽  
Antolín ◽  
Goicoechea
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Berry Quality ◽  
Quality Aspects ◽  
Mycorrhizal Inoculation

(1) Background: Vitis vinifera L. cv. Tempranillo is cultivated over the world for its wine of high quality. The association of Tempranillo with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) induced the accumulation of phenolics and carotenoids in leaves, affected the metabolism of abscisic acid (ABA) during berry ripening, and modulated some characteristics and quality aspects of grapes. The objective of this study was to elucidate if AMF influenced the profiles and the content of primary and secondary metabolites determinants for berry quality in Tempranillo. (2) Methods: Fruit-bearing cuttings inoculated with AMF or uninoculated were cultivated under controlled conditions. (3) Results: Mycorrhizal symbiosis modified the profile of metabolites in Tempranillo berries, especially those of the primary compounds. The levels of glucose and amino acids clearly increased in berries of mycorrhized Tempranillo grapevines, including those of the aromatic precursor amino acids. However, mycorrhizal inoculation barely influenced the total amount and the profiles of anthocyanins and flavonols in berries. (4) Conclusions: Mycorrhizal inoculation of Tempranillo grapevines may be an alternative to the exogenous application of nitrogen compounds in order to enhance the contents of amino acids in grapes, which may affect the aromatic characteristics of wines.

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