scholarly journals The Effect of CrossFit Training on the Body Composition, Baseline Fitness and Performance Level of Dance Majors

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
노은초 ◽  
박인자
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Performance Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Crossfit Training ◽  
Baseline Fitness

The effects of genotype and post-weaning nutrition on compensatory growth in cattle reared as singles or twins

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Wright ◽  
A. J. F. Russel ◽  
E. A. Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Equal Weight ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Limited Opportunity ◽  
Similar Weight ◽  
Grazing Period ◽  
And Performance ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACTThirty-five Charolais × Blue-Grey and Charolais × (Hereford × Friesian) weaned suckled calves which had been reared as either singles or twins and 19 single-reared Luing and Charolais × Luing weaned suckled calves were given silagead libitumsupplemented with either 0·75 or 2·5 kg rolled barley per day during the post-weaning winter. During summer the cattle continuously grazed perennial ryegrass swards. The high level of barley supplementation increased winter live-weight gain by 0·25 kg/day (P< 0·001). During summer the cattle from the low level of feeding gained weight at 0·09 kg/day (P< 0·05) faster than those from the high level of feeding. However, by the end of the summer grazing period the cattle on the low level of feeding were proportionately only 0·97 the weight of the animals on the high level of feeding.During winter the performance of all genotypes was similar, but at pasture the Luing cattle gained less weight (P< 0·01) than the single-reared Charolais-cross genotypes.Twin-reared cattle took 55 days longer to reach slaughter condition, but produced carcasses of equal weight and fatness to those from single-reared cattle.The twin-reared cattle on the high level of feeding and the single-reared cattle on the low level of feeding attained a similar weight, body condition and ultrasonic backfat at turn-out. Thereafter, their herbage intakes and live-weight gains were identical suggesting that previous level of feeding per se is unimportant in determining an animal's subsequent intake and performance. Rather it is the body composition at a given age, irrespective of the pathway followed to attain that composition, that determines performance thereafter. It is also suggested that the inability of cattle to compensate for a reduction in level of nutrition during the first 3 to 4 months of life is due to the lack of potential for fat deposition, and there is thus limited opportunity for nutritional manipulation of body composition at that age.

Body composition and performance of autumn-calving Holstein-Friesian dairy cows during lactation: food intake, milk constituent output and live weight

1992 ◽  
Vol 1992 ◽  
pp. 100-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D Sutton ◽  
K. Aston ◽  
D.E Beever ◽  
W.J. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Friesian Cows

The importance of measuring partition between body and milk in dairy cows and identifying the factors underlying it has long been recognised. However accurate measurements of partition In the body are few because of the difficulty and expense of the techniques.The purpose of the present experiment was to measure the effects in autumn-calving Holstein-Friesian cows given grass silage ad libitum of amount of concentrate and stage of lactation on body composition by direct (Gibb et al 1992a, b) and Indirect (Kings et al 1992) techniques, adipose tissue metabolism (Walsh et al 1992) and milk production. In a related trial, energy balance was measured in other cows by Indirect calorimetry (Cammell et al 1992).This report covers silage Intake, milk production and live-weight change. Communications on the associated studies are given in the Proceedings of this Meeting.

scholarly journals Comparison of a GE Lunar DPX-IQ and a Norland XR-26 dual energy X-ray absorptiometry scanner for body composition measurements in pigs – <i>in vivo</i>

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Lösel ◽  
P. Kremer ◽  
E. Albrecht ◽  
A. M. Scholz
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
X Ray ◽  
And Performance

Abstract. In the context of future growth and performance testing, this study compares corresponding body composition results measured by two dual energy X-ray absorptiometry systems. To test the capability of each device to detect differences among experimental groups widely varying in body composition, 77 pigs from 6 purebred/crossbred groups were used for the experiment. Each pig was scanned consecutively on a Norland XR-26 and on a GE Lunar DPX-IQ. Coefficients of determination were: R²=0.92 for bone mineral content (BMC), R²=0.90 for bone mineral density (BMD), R²=0.94 for lean mass (LEAN), R²=0.92 for fat mass (FAT), R²=0.88 for lean percentage (%LEAN) and fat percentage (%FAT). However, Norland yielded larger values for %FAT and smaller values for %LEAN, BMC, and BMD than Lunar (P<0.001) with the extent of deviation depending on the specific trait and on the breeding group. The deviation in BMC was greater than the deviation in BMD, suggesting different bone detecting algorithms. Both systems revealed similar differences among the breeding groups, and ranked them in the same order based on numerical values. Differences in calibration, bone detection, and software algorithms, however, require a prior crosscalibration to make the body composition data from both systems directly comparable. Finally, they can be used across research centres for the determination of relative and absolute body composition differences among animal groups and individuals.

New Frontiers of Body Composition in Sport

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Lukaski ◽  
Christiana J. Raymond-Pope
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Return To Sport ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Regional Body Composition ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Areas Of Interest ◽  
Composition Measurements

AbstractThe body composition phenotype of an athlete displays the complex interaction among genotype, physiological and metabolic demands of a sport, diet, and physical training. Observational studies dominate the literature and describe the sport-specific physique characteristics (size, shape, and composition) of adult athletes by gender and levels of competition. Limited data reveal how body composition measurements can benefit an athlete. Thus, the objective is to identify purposeful measurements of body composition, notably fat and lean muscle masses, and determine their impact on the health and performance of athletes. Areas of interest include relationships among total and regional body composition measurements, muscle function, sport-specific performance, risk of injury, return to sport after injury, and identification of activity-induced fluid shifts. Discussion includes the application of specific uses of dual X-ray absorptiometry and bioelectrical impedance including an emphasis on the need to minimize measurement errors and standardize protocols, and highlights opportunities for future research. This focus on functional body composition can benefit the health and optimize the performance of an athlete.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Body Composition and Physical Fitness Parameters in Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nebahat Eler
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Fitness Parameters ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between body composition and physical fitness parameters in children. 286 male and 311 female students have voluntarily participated in the study. Data on body composition have been obtained through the measurements of the students’ height, body weight, BMI, body fat percentage, length (sitting height, arm length, forearm length, leg length, thigh lengths), circumference (elbow, shoulder, biceps (flexion) , buttock, knee, waist, calf, ankle). For somatotype characteristics, the Heat-Carter somatotype grading method has been used. The Sit-Reach Flexibility Test (cm) has been used to determine the characteristic of flexibility; the 20 m. Speed Test (seconds) to determine speed; the 20 m. Sit-up test to determine endurance; Takkei hand dynamometer to determine right-left hand grip strength; Takkei back and lift dynamometer for leg strength and the Flamingo Balance Test for balance have been used. In the analysis of data, the SPSS 16 software has been used and T test and Pearson correlation test have been carried out (p&lt;0.05). Between the body composition and physical fitness parameters of female and male students, a statistically significant relationship has been found with the exception of age, arm and waist measurements (p&lt;0.05). In both genders, positive or negative relationships have been found between height, circumference measurements and somatotype characteristics and performance tests (p&lt;0.05). It was found that there is a negative or positive relationship between the heights, circumference measurements and somatotype characteristics and their strength, endurance, speed, flexibility and balance characteristics of female and male children aged 10-12. As a result, it has been seen that the body composition of children aged 10-12 affects the physical fitness parameters. Children in this age group which is both a period of growth and development and skills selection period for numerous sports branches should regularly be followed by their physical education teachers, anthropometric measurements and performance tests should be carried out and the children should be directed towards suitable sports branches.

Nutritional modification of body composition in genetically lean breeding sows and the consequences for reproductive performance

1993 ◽  
Vol 1993 ◽  
pp. 64-64
Author(s):  
S. O'Dowd ◽  
S. Hoste ◽  
J.T. Mercer ◽  
V.R. Fowler ◽  
S.A. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lean Tissue ◽  
Large White ◽  
Fat Reserves ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Diet Treatment ◽  
And Performance

Selection for the reduction of carcase fat and the promotion of lean tissue growth has resulted in the production of faster growing, genetically lean breeding females. These animals often have very limited body fat reserves to utilise at times of high nutrient demand, such as during lactation. It is possible that reproductive performance and longevity may be improved as a consequence of alteration of the body composition of the breeding female by nutritional means.The experiment was designed to investigate the consequences for genetically lean animals of restricting lean tissue growth and promoting fat deposition in the period prior to a maiden service and in gestation using a low protein diet, and minimising fat loss in lactation using a nutrient dense diet (Treatment E) in comparison with feeding a conventional single diet (Treatment C). Two hundred and forty purebred Large White and Landrace gilts were allocated to one of these two nutritional regimes at 6 months of age on the basis of breed, liveweight and backfat. Animals remained on treatment for three parities and growth and performance parameters were monitored.

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