Investigating the Effects of Am rap and Classic Cross-fit Training in Freestyle Wrestlers on Physical Fitness Parameters

This study aims to investigate anaerobic strength alterations of wrestlers who perform AMRAP (As many reps as possible) and Classic CrossFit pieces of training. The research was implemented on 32 male wrestlers who were challenged in the Turkish Wrestling 1st League in the season of 2018-2019. The volunteer participants taken part in test groups performed CrossFit models in the preseason for 8-weeks; Group I (Classic CrossFit) and Group II (CrossFit AMRAP). Bodyweight, height, and age values were recorded respectively by creating measuring parkour and arranged on MS Excel spreadsheet program. Two-factor variance analysis was used in repetitive measurements for identifying the differences between pre and final measuring anaerobic strength values of the participants. As findings, it was observed there was a significant difference in terms of group x time interaction dimension in back squat movement, 1 min on behalf of AMRAP. According to the simple effect test results, there were significant values in both groups. The numerical increase in some performance values of the AMRAP CrossFit training group after 8-weeks of training was more prominent than the classic CrossFit training group. In addition, AMRAP CrossFit training was effective in reducing body weight. Both models were found to have a positive effect on their physical capacities effectively. Although there are studies on CrossFit in the literature, there is no significant study on AMRAP and thus this study might be the pioneer in terms of contributions to the literature and lead to further comments on sports science as well. Thus, this study is significant to reveal the effectiveness of Amrap and CrossFit training on physical fitness parameters.

Isokinetic force-power profile of the shoulder joint in males participating in CrossFit training and competing at different levels

Background As participants who engage in CrossFit training and competition perform a large volume of high intensity overhead activities, injuries to the shoulder are one of the most common in this sport. Previous research in other sports has indicated that the isokinetic force power profile of the shoulder joint (IPSJ) rotator muscles may assist in the prediction of shoulder injury. Aim Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the IPSJ in males engaged in CrossFit training at different competitive levels. Methods In a cross-sectional study design, participants (age, 24.1 ± 2.7 years) classified as ‘beginner’ (n = 6), ‘intermediate’ (n = 7) or ‘advanced’ (n = 9) provided informed consent to participate in this study. The IPSJ assessment involved rotational and diagonal movements, including internal and external shoulder rotator muscles, at both 180°.s−1 and 300°.s−1. The variables analysed were peak torque/body mass (%), mean power (W) and the external/internal peak torque/body mass ratio (%). A Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare the IPSJ of the three groups, with Dunn’s test used for post-hoc analysis. The alpha level was set at p < 0.05. Results The IPSJ showed greater torque and power values in those who competed at the advanced level as compared to those at a lower competitive level (i.e. intermediate, beginner). This was observed mainly for the internal rotation and internal diagonal movements at both 180°.s−1 and 300°.s−1. However, such differences between competitive levels were, in general, absent for the external rotation and external diagonal movements. Moreover, the participants from the advanced competitive level exhibited an imbalance of peak torque between the muscles responsible for the external–internal rotational and external-internal diagonal movements of the shoulder (i.e. peak torque external/internal ratio <66%), particularly in the dominant shoulder. Conclusion These findings suggest greater development of the shoulder internal rotators and a higher probability of shoulder injury in CrossFit athletes at the advanced competitive level. Based on these results, participants engaged in CrossFit training and competition may wish to increase the volume of training for the shoulder external rotator muscles to complement the large increases in shoulder internal rotator strength that occur as a part of their regular training regimes.

Improving of Special Physical Fitness and Workability of Female Police Cadets

The importance of evaluating the physical fitness of future police officers cannot be underestimated. Ideal physical training program must include targeting aerobic capacity, anaerobic power, muscular strength and endurance. The aim of the study: investigate the impact of two additional supervised 16-week physical fitness training programs (mixed (jumping + strength endurance) workout and CrossFit training) aimed at female police cadets. Participants: relatively healthy young female (n=28) – cadets had similar indicators of physical fitness and workability. Total time of physical training – 64 hours during 16 weeks (basic workouts – 48 hours, additional workouts – 16 hours). Group 1 (n=14) practiced additional CrossFit training. Group 2 (n=14) practiced mixed additional workout (jumping + strength endurance). Tests used to evaluate the physical fitness and workability were the following: Push–Up test, Plank test, Running test, Burpee test, Step test (PWC170), test with 30 throws. The overall positive dynamics of study results shows an increase of workability for all study participants. A reliable (p≤0.05) advantage of participants (group 2) in testing workability results (Burpee test and PWC170) was found. Experts agree that the most effective physical training programs for cadets and police officers will be combinations of intensive cardiorespiratory and strength workout. A positive impact of additional mixed (jumping + strength endurance) workout on the workability of female cadets was found. Such functional workout can be an effective alternative to CrossFit training in physical training curriculum of female police cadets

SPORT CLASSES AS EFFECTIVE MEANS FOR PSYCHOPHYSICAL HEALTH IMPROVEMENT OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE SECURITY AND DEFENSE SECTOR

The aim: Is to investigate the influence of sport classes on the psychophysical health of Ukrainian Armed Forces’ servicemen. Materials and methods: The level of servicemen’s health was estimated according to the professor Apanasenko’s methodology based on the anthropometric and functional indicators. In the research there were 120 cadets aged 18 to 22 from Odesa Military Academy. Methods of research: analysis of scientific works, medical and biological methods, experiment, statistics analysis. Results: It was found out at the end of the experiment that the health level of the cadets who attended Crossfit classes is significantly higher than that of the cadets who studied according to the standard physical training program. The most profound effect was revealed on the functionality of the cardiovascular, respiratory and muscular systems, and the stabilization of body weight of cadets of experimental groups. Conclusions:The results of the research show sufficiently high effectiveness of the Crossfit classes for the purpose of improving cadets’ psychophysical health during studying. High psychophysical health level formed during the Crossfit training increases longevity and resistance of the body to unfavourable factors of professional activity, reduces the risk of professional diseases and improves the efficiency of the official duties performance.

JUSTIFICATION OF USING CROSSFIT TRAINING IN JUDO

Aim. The paper aims to justify the use of CrossFit training for improving special physical fitness of judokas. Materials and methods. Male judokas aged from 19 to 20 years (n = 23) who have an experience of at least 6 years were engaged in CrossFit training for 12 weeks. Their physical fitness was assessed using the following methods: SJFT, blood lactate concentration, load test (60 Ippon-Seoi-Nage). The results obtained were compared with the data of recent scientific studies of domestic and foreign experts. Results. Significant (p < 0.05) differences in the results of special judoka tests after 12 weeks of CrossFit training were revealed. A significant decrease in the recovery time of athletes was found. Blood lactate concentration in athletes significantly (p < 0.05) increased. Conclusion. The results of the study prove the effectiveness of regular CrossFit training sessions for judokas. The positive dynamics of the results of special tests indicates an increase in special physical fitness of athletes.

Impact of quarantine due to COVID-19 on female urinary incontinence during exercise in CrossFit practitioners: an observational study

Introduction and hypothesis: Urinary incontinence (UI) during exercise (athletic incontinence) affects about 30% of CrossFit practitioners. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, CrossFit academies were closed, impacting on several dimensions of the health of these athletes. We aimed to evaluate the effect of quarantine due to COVID19 pandemic on the training volume and UI during exercises for female crossfitters. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed among 197 female CrossFit practitioners. An online questionnaire was emailed containing questions about frequency, duration and intensity of training and data related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Whether UI stopped among participants, they were asked about the possible reasons why this happened. A 5% significance level was stablished.Results: Mean age of the participants was 32 years old, with an average frequency of training of 50 minutes per day, four times/ week. Most participants lived in an apartment (65.5%) and with another person (40.1%). Main CrossFit training location during quarantine was inside home (55%). There was a decrease in training intensity in 64% of the respondents. Exercises with their own body weight, such as air squat (98.2%) followed by push up (92.2%) were the most performed. UI was reported by 32% of participants before the COVID-19 pandemic, and only 14% of them during the pandemic (OR = 0.32[0.19-0.53],p <0.01; univariate analysis). Practitioners reported that the reason possibly related to UI improvement was the reduction of training intensity and not performing double under exercise. Conclusion: Quarantine by COVID-19 reduced in 18% of UI during exercises by CrossFit practitioners.