scholarly journals Study of Viability of Solid-Phase Microextraction, in vivo, in the Extraction of Microbial Volatile Organic Compounds Associated to the Pigment Production Process by the Monascus Fungus, in Submerged Fermentation

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robson Schacker ◽  
Denise Moritz ◽  
Miguel Caro ◽  
Luiz Madureira ◽  
Adriana Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Submerged Fermentation ◽  
Solid Phase Microextraction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Pigment Production ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Microbial Volatile Organic Compounds

In vivo extraction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from Micro-Tom tomato flowers with multiple solid phase microextraction (SPME) fibers

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis A. Cáceres ◽  
Tim W. McDowell ◽  
Ian M. Scott ◽  
Abdelali Hannoufa ◽  
Brian D. McGarvey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Solid Phase Microextraction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Headspace Extraction ◽  
Volatile Organic

The in vivo headspace extraction of volatile organic compounds from Micro-Tom tomato flowers was investigated using multiple solid phase microextraction (SPME) fibers of different properties to maximize the extraction selectivity for a nontargeted analysis. The three fibers used in this work were polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), PDMS/divinylbenzene (DVB), and carboxen (CAR)/PDMS. Two sources for tomato flowers were used: Micro-Tom wild type (WT) and transgenic Micro-Tom overexpressing the carotenoid cleavage deoxygenase 1 gene. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) results demonstrated that the largest amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were observed with the PDMS/DVB fiber for both wild type and transgenic plants, but the CAR/PDMS and PDMS fibers contributed to the detection of selective compounds. Data revealed the presence of 45 VOCs from transgenic plants and 35 from the wild type when all three fibers were used together. Of the total VOCs identified, 30 were common to both types of plants, but 15 were specific to the transgenic and 5 to the wild type plants. The compounds identified from Micro-Tom flowers were mainly monocyclic and bicyclic monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, with one alkyl benzene compound. The bicyclic monoterpenes, (1R)-α-pinene, (1S)-α-pinene, and β-pinene, were found to be the most abundant molecules present in both wild type and transgenic plants. The overall advantage of maximizing the discovery of VOCs based on the selectivity differences with three SPME fibers was evident. Such a benefit is important in the nontargeted analysis of transgenic plants for detecting the production of unexpected compounds.

scholarly journals Detection and Identification of Microbial Volatile Organic Compounds of the Green Mold Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-28
Author(s):  
Dalma Radványi ◽  
András Geösel ◽  
Zsuzsa Jókai ◽  
Péter Fodor ◽  
Attila Gere
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Mushroom Species ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Microbial Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Green Mould

Button mushrooms are one of the most commonly cultivated mushroom species facing different risks e.g.: viral, bacterial and fungal diseases. One of the most common problems is caused by Trichoderma aggressivum, or ‘green mould' disease. The presence or absence of mushroom disease-related moulds can sufficiently be detected from the air by headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS SPME GC-MS) via their emitted microbial volatile organic compounds (MVOCs). In the present study, HS SPME GC-MS was used to explore the volatile secondary metabolites released by T. aggressivum f. europaeum on different nutrient-rich and -poor media. The MVOC pattern of green mould was determined, then media-dependent and independent biomarkers were also identified during metabolomic experiments. The presented results provide the basics of a green mould identification system which helps producers reducing yield loss, new directions for researchers in mapping the metabolomic pathways of T. aggressivum and new tools for policy makers in mushroom quality control.

scholarly journals Bioactivity of volatile organic compounds by Aureobasidium species against gray mold of tomato and table grape

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Di Francesco ◽  
J. Zajc ◽  
N. Gunde-Cimerman ◽  
E. Aprea ◽  
F. Gasperi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Table Grape ◽  
Conidial Suspension ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Volatile Organic

Abstract Aureobasidium strains isolated from diverse unconventional environments belonging to the species A. pullulans, A. melanogenum, and A. subglaciale were evaluated for Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) production as a part of their modes of action against Botrytis cinerea of tomato and table grape. By in vitro assay, VOCs generated by the antagonists belonging to the species A. subglaciale showed the highest inhibition percentage of the pathogen mycelial growth (65.4%). In vivo tests were conducted with tomatoes and grapes artificially inoculated with B. cinerea conidial suspension, and exposed to VOCs emitted by the most efficient antagonists of each species (AP1, AM10, AS14) showing that VOCs of AP1 (A. pullulans) reduced the incidence by 67%, partially confirmed by the in vitro results. Conversely, on table grape, VOCs produced by all the strains did not control the fungal incidence but were only reducing the infection severity (< 44.4% by A. pullulans; < 30.5% by A. melanogenum, and A. subglaciale). Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and subsequent gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry identified ethanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol as the most produced VOCs. However, there were differences in the amounts of produced VOCs as well as in their repertoire. The EC50 values of VOCs for reduction of mycelial growth of B. cinerea uncovered 3-methyl-1-butanol as the most effective compound. The study demonstrated that the production and the efficacy of VOCs by Aureobasidium could be directly related to the specific species and pathosystem and uncovers new possibilities for searching more efficient VOCs producing strains in unconventional habitats other than plants.

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