The Effect of Electromagnetic Field of Mobile Phone on Hand Grip and Shoulder Strengths

Background/Aim. During recent years, the widespread use of mobile phones has resulted in increased human exposure to electromagnetic field radiation and to health risks. Increased usage of mobile phones at the close proximity raises questions and doubts in safety of mobile phone users. The aim of the study was to assess an electromagnetic field radiation exposure for mobile phone users by measuring electromagnetic field strength in different settings at the distance of 1 to 30 cm from the mobile user. Methods. In this paper, the measurements of electric field strength exposure were conducted on different brand of mobile phones by the call-related factors: urban/rural area, indoor/outdoor setting and moving/stationary mode during calls. The different types of mobile phone were placed facing the field probe at 1 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm and 30 cm distance. Results. The highest electric field strength was recorded for calls made in rural area (indoors) while the lowest electric field strength was recorded for calls made in urban area (outdoors). Calls made from a phone in a moving car gave a similar result like for indoor calls; however, calls made from a phone in a moving car exposed electric field strength two times more than that of calls in a standing (motionless) position. Conclusion. Electromagnetic field radiation depends on mobile phone power class and factors, like urban or rural area, outdoor or indoor, moving or motionless position, and the distance of the mobile phone from the phone user. It is recommended to keep a mobile phone in the safe distance of 10, 20 or 30 cm from the body (especially head) during the calls.

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Investigation of the effect of radiofrequency-electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) composed of mobile phone on brain EEG delta rhythms

Annals of Medical Research ◽

10.5455/annalsmedres.2020.01.075 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (9) ◽

pp. 2489

Author(s):

Mehmet Yavas

Keyword(s):

Electromagnetic Field ◽

Mobile Phone ◽

Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field

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RESEARCH AND EVALUATION OF THE ENERGY FLUX DENSITY OF THE MOBILE PHONE ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD / MOBILIŲJŲ TELEFONŲ ELEKTROMAGNETINIO LAUKO ENERGIJOS SRAUTO TANKIO TYRIMAI IR ĮVERTINIMAS

Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis ◽

10.3846/mla.2012.74 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 462-467

Author(s):

Pranas Baltrėnas ◽

Raimondas Buckus

Keyword(s):

Electromagnetic Field ◽

Mobile Phone ◽

Flux Density ◽

Energy Flux ◽

Text Message ◽

Text Messages ◽

Mobile Internet ◽

Effective Protection ◽

Allowable Limit ◽

Energy Flux Density

The article analyses variations in the energy flux density of the electromagnetic field of 10 mobile phones depending on distance. The studies have been conducted using three modes: sending a text message, receiving a text message and connecting a mobile phone to the Internet. When text messages are received or sent from a mobile phone, the values of the energy flux density of the mobile phone electromagnetic field exceed the safe allowable limit and make 10 μW / cm². A distance of 10, 20 and 30 cm from a mobile phone is effective protection against the energy flux density of the electromagnetic field when writing texts, receiving messages or connecting to the mobile Internet. Santrauka Nagrinėjami 10 mobiliųjų telefonų elektromagnetinių laukų energijos srauto tankio kitimai priklausomai nuo atstumo. Tyrimai atliekami, kai iš mobiliojo telefono siunčiamas SMS, kai į mobilųjį telefoną yra siunčiamas SMS iš kito mobiliojo telefono, kai mobilusis telefonas jungiamas prie mobiliojo interneto. Mobiliųjų telefonų elektromagnetinio lauko energijos srauto tankio vertės, kai iš mobiliojo telefono siunčiamas ar gaunamas SMS, viršija saugią leistiną 10 µW/cm² normą. 10, 20, 30 cm atstumas nuo mobiliojo telefono – tinkama apsauga nuo elektromagnetinio lauko energijos srauto tankio viršijimo rašant ar gaunant SMS žinutes, jungiantis prie mobiliojo interneto. Mobiliųjų telefonų elektromagnetinių laukų energijos srauto tankio priklausomybė nuo atstumo pateikiama grafikais.

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Electromagnetic Fields Effects on the Secondary Structure of Lysozyme and Bioprotective Effectiveness of Trehalose

Advances in Physical Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2012/970369 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Emanuele Calabrò ◽

Salvatore Magazù

Keyword(s):

Electromagnetic Field ◽

Spectral Analysis ◽

Secondary Structure ◽

Mobile Phone ◽

Ftir Spectroscopy ◽

Electromagnetic Fields ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Ftir Spectra ◽

Vibration Band ◽

Extremely Low Frequency

FTIR spectroscopy was used to investigate the effects of extremely low frequency (50 Hz) electromagnetic field and of microwaves at 900 MHz on the secondary structure of a typical protein, the lysozyme, evaluating the bioprotective effectiveness of trehalose. Lysozyme in D2O solution (60 mg/ml) was exposed to 50 Hz frequency electromagnetic field at 180 μT. The FTIR spectra indicated an increase of CH2 group at 1921 and 1853 cm−1 after 3 h of exposure. Such effect was not observed after the addition of trehalose (150 mg/mL) at the same exposure conditions. Lysozyme dissolved in D2O at the concentration of 100 mg/mL was exposed up to 4 h to 900 MHz mobile phone microwaves at 25 mA/m. A significant increase in intensity of the amide I vibration band in the secondary structure of the protein was observed after 4 h exposure to microwaves. This effect was inhibited by the presence of trehalose at the concentration of 150 mg/mL. Fourier self-deconvolution spectral analysis of lysozyme in D2O solution after exposure to microwaves revealed an increase in intensity of the conformational components of amide I mode, particularly of β-sheet and turn that can be attributed to disorder and unfolding processes of the protein.

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