scholarly journals EFFECT OF DIFFERENT FERTILIZER SOURCES ON YIELD AND SOME NUTRIENT CONTENTS OF SPINACH PLANT (Spinacia oleracea L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 911-921
Author(s):  
M.W. El-Agrodi ◽  
G. Labeeb ◽  
M.R. A. Mohamed ◽  
T. A. M. Abdou
Keyword(s):  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea L ◽  
Spinach Plant

scholarly journals Uptake and transport of iron ions (Fe+2, Fe+3) supplied to roots or leaves in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) plants growing under different light conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Borowski
Keyword(s):  
Iron Content ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Plant Productivity ◽  
Fluorescent Light ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea L ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Spinach Plant ◽  
Positive Effect

<p>In experiments carried out in a phytotron using aqueous cultures, there was investigated the effect of root or foliar application of different types of iron salts on spinach plant productivity, leaf and root iron content as well as the rate of transport of iron from the roots to the leaves. Plants were grown in Hoagland's solution with a single concentration at two fluorescent light intensities: 290 and 95 µmol × m<sup>-2</sup> × s<sup>-1</sup> PAR. To fertilize the plants, iron was supplied at a dose of 25 mg Fe in the nutrient solution or as foliar sprays using the following salts: 1 – Fe 0; 2 – FeCl<sub>2</sub> × 4H<sub>2</sub>O; 3 – FeCl<sub>3</sub> × 4H<sub>2</sub>O; 4 – FeSO<sub>4</sub> × 7H<sub>2</sub>O; 5 – Fe<sub>2</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> × nH<sub>2</sub>O; 6 – Fe-Cit.</p><p>The obtained results showed that the productivity of spinach plants treated with FeCl<sub>2</sub> and FeSO<sub>4</sub> using foliar sprays and of those fed with Fe-citrate (Fe-Cit) through the roots was significantly higher than in the case of the other salts used. Root application of the salts used had a significant effect on root iron content, whereas their foliar application significantly affected leaf iron content. In this respect, ferrous salts were generally the most beneficial, while ferric salts were the least beneficial. The rate of transport of iron to the leaves, irrespective of the method of its application, was clearly higher for ferrous salts and Fe-Cit than for ferric salts. The free proline content in the leaves of plants not fertilized with Fe was 2–4 times lower than in plants supplied with this nutrient. An irradiance of 290 µmol × m<sup>-2</sup> × s<sup>-1</sup> had a positive effect on plant productivity and root Fe content.</p>.

The effects of different water and nitrogen levels on yield, water and nitrogen utilization efficiencies of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinxiu Zhang ◽  
Zhimin Sha ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Zhigang Bei ◽  
Linkui Cao
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Response Surfaces ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Nitrogen Utilization ◽  
N Application ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea L ◽  
Spinach Plant ◽  
Use Efficiency

Zhang, J., Sha, Z., Zhang, Y., Bei, Z. and Cao, L. 2015. The effects of different water and nitrogen levels on yield, water and nitrogen utilization efficiencies of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 671−679. Water and nitrogen (N) are important factors that affect crop yield. The objective of this study was to explore the interactive effect of water and nitrogen on biomass production, yield and growth responses, water and nitrogen use efficiency of winter-grown spinach. A field experiment was grown with treatments of varying water (W) and nitrogen (N) levels near Shanghai, China. Leaf area, shoot biomass and height of spinach increased with the application of N in the well-watered treatment. The highest chlorophyll content was found in spinach treated with N2 (170 kg ha−1 nitrogen). A response surface analysis was done on plant height, leaf number, leaf weight, and plant yield of each spinach plant at different water and nitrogen levels. The equation for each of the response surfaces was taken and solved for the mathematical optimum of the curves. Abundant water supply resulted in the highest spinach yield. Yield of spinach increased with N application rates but decreased when the N was excessive. Compared with the low water treatment (W3), a higher N leaching ratio was observed in the high water treatment (W1), regardless of N treatment. With the increase of N application, N use efficiency of spinach significantly decreased, while water use efficiency of spinach increased. In conclusion, water levels between 36.15 cm and 42 cm, and nitrogen applications between 86 and 152.74 kg ha−1 could be recommended as the optimal treatment for spinach growth.

scholarly journals Beneficial Features of Biochar and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza for Improving Spinach Plant Growth, Root Morphological Traits, Physiological Properties, and Soil Enzymatic Activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 571
Author(s):  
Dilfuza Jabborova ◽  
Kannepalli Annapurna ◽  
Sangeeta Paul ◽  
Sudhir Kumar ◽  
Hosam A. Saad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Soil Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Soil Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Spinach Plant

Biochar and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can promote plant growth, improve soil properties, and maintain microbial activity. The effects of biochar and AMF on plant growth, root morphological traits, physiological properties, and soil enzymatic activities were studied in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of biochar and AMF on the growth of spinach. Four treatments, a T1 control (soil without biochar), T2 biochar alone, T3 AMF alone, and T4 biochar and AMF together, were arranged in a randomized complete block design with five replications. The biochar alone had a positive effect on the growth of spinach, root morphological traits, physiological properties, and soil enzymatic activities. It significantly increased the plant growth parameters, such as the shoot length, leaf number, leaf length, leaf width, shoot fresh weight, and shoot dry weight. The root morphological traits, plant physiological attributes, and soil enzymatic activities were significantly enhanced with the biochar alone compared with the control. However, the combination of biochar and AMF had a greater impact on the increase in plant growth, root morphological traits, physiological properties, and soil enzymatic activities compared with the other treatments. The results suggested that the combined biochar and AMF led to the highest levels of spinach plant growth, microbial biomass, and soil enzymatic activity.

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