scholarly journals Water mixing processes within a crystalline massif: Sudety mountains, SW Poland

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartłomiej Rzonca ◽  
Sebastian Buczyński
Keyword(s):  
Carbonate Rocks ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Water Circulation ◽  
Crystalline Schist ◽  
Primary System ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Karst Water ◽  
Mixing Processes ◽  
Stream Discharge ◽  
Sw Poland

We present the results of a water circulation study in a small drainage basin in a mountainous area of a complicated structure. Two types of waters were found in the basin; the sulphate waters were linked to gneiss and crystalline schist rocks, while the bicarbonate waters were linked to a marble interbed. The paper looks at a number of water circulation and mixing scenarios and discusses the origin of the bicarbonate waters. Measurements and calculations helped to identify two karst water circulation systems within the marble interbed that were probably not connected to each other. The primary system collects waters migrating via fissures from a non-carbonate section of the drainage basin above. Initially these waters are of the sulphate type: acidic and corrosive to the carbonate rocks. After passing into the marble interbed, they gradually assume a bicarbonate nature by becoming saturated with products of the chemical dissolution of carbonate rocks. This karst system is drained by springs. The other system begins in a sinkhole that intercepts a portion of the stream discharge (or all of it during extreme droughts) and ends with dispersed outflows directly into the channel lower down in the drainage basin.

Distribution of carbonate rocks and variation analysis of karst water resources in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjie Sun ◽  
Jianxin Song ◽  
Wenkai Yang ◽  
Yuejun Zheng ◽  
Chunyan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Carbonate Rocks ◽  
Karst Water ◽  
Variation Analysis ◽  
Karst Water Resources

scholarly journals Changes in high intensity precipitation on the Northern Apennines (Italy) as revealed by multidisciplinary data over the last 9000 years

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Segadelli ◽  
Federico Grazzini ◽  
Margherita Aguzzi ◽  
Alessandro Chelli ◽  
Veronica Rossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Northern Apennines ◽  
Peat Bog ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Stream Channels ◽  
The Past ◽  
Multidisciplinary Data ◽  
Emilia Romagna Region ◽  
Basin Area ◽  
Precipitation Events

Abstract. Several record-breaking precipitation events have stricken the mountainous area of Emilia-Romagna Region (northern Apennines, Italy) over the last years. As consequence, several geomorphological processes, like widespread debris flows along the slopes and hyperconcentrated flood in the stream channels, shallow landslides and overbank flooding affected the territory, causing serious damages to man-made structures. The intensity and wide spatial scale of these phenomena leads us to investigate their frequency in the past, beyond the instrumental time. A detailed study of these recent deposits compared with fossil peat bog and lake paleodeposits can provide useful insight to support a strong match between precipitation intensity and warm climatic phases in antecedent climatic periods, as expected by the increase air water vapour holding capacity at higher temperatures. Here we present the results of the field campaign performed in summer 2017 at Lake Moo a 0.15 km2 peat bog located at an altitude of 1130 m a.s.l. The chosen area has been affected, during the flooding of the upper Trebbia and Nure valleys 13–14 September 2015, by several high-density flows generated by the stream that flow into the plain. Our main assumption is that, in such a small drainage basin (area

scholarly journals Application of Hydrochemical and Isotopic Data to Determine The Origin and Circulation Conditions of Karst Groundwater in An Alpine and Gorge Region in The Qinghai–Xizang Plateau: A Case Study Of Genie Mountain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianfei Ma ◽  
Xiangquan Li ◽  
Feng Liu ◽  
Changchang Fu ◽  
Chunchao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Cycle ◽  
Karst Aquifer ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Water Circulation ◽  
Karst Water ◽  
Karst Groundwater ◽  
Isotopic Data ◽  
Karst Springs ◽  
Recharge Sources ◽  
Xizang Plateau

Abstract Understanding of the recharge origin, runoff channels, and discharge characteristics of karst groundwater is very important for construction of underground projects and identification of water supply targets. Complex structural systems, lithological differences, and extreme heterogeneity of aquifers combine to create a complex karst aquifer structure in alpine and gorge areas; however, because of the topography, direct investigation of aquifer structure is difficult. In this study, field survey, hydrochemical, and isotopic data are analyzed to reveal the development of karst groundwater and to describe the karst water cycle in Genie Mountain, Qinghai–Xizang Plateau. The results show that atmospheric precipitation and melting ice and snow are the groundwater recharge sources, and groundwater circulation is shallow, with groundwater ages generally no more than 60 yr. The groundwater cycle can be divided into three levels: epikarst water circulation; mid to deep karst water circulation; and deep geothermal water circulation. The karst springs located in the outlet of the Huolong gully contain markedly higher levels of Na + and SO 4 2 − than other karst springs because of the leaching effect of groundwater on mirabilite. The presence of evaporites also indicates that the groundwater of Huolong gully is influenced by evaporation. The runoff of thermal springs undergoes deep circulation and is controlled by faults. This water mainly dissolves carbonate rock, with little influence of evaporation. This study shows that hydrochemical and isotopic methods can be used to discriminate different water types, and can be applied to study the characteristics of complex groundwater runoff in alpine and gorge areas.

Karst Water in Zhenfeng Mountainous Area of Guizhou Province and Experience in Water Exploration

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 2533-2536
Author(s):  
Fu Li Qi ◽  
Yong Li Li ◽  
Feng Long Zhang ◽  
Yu Chun Bai
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Pumping Test ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Groundwater Exploration ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Karst Water

Following the projects of groundwater exploration in Southwest areas of serious water shortage issued by Ministry of Land and Natural Resources in 2009, water exploration was carried out on the basis of comprehensive analysis and study of geology and hydrogeology in this area. Field investigation was conducted, and according to the landforms feature and stratum outcrop, key project spots were determined, combining with the geophysical methods to confirm the development of water-rich belt, optimize the location of holes and design the depth of holes, carry out hydrogeological drilling and pumping test for steady flow. This paper took drought-resistance wells in Zhenfeng County of Guizhou Province as successful typical examples of finding water, and briefly introduced the main methods, technical routes adopted in the water exploration and the results achieved.

scholarly journals Facies Analysis and Depositional Environments of the Ubaid Formation, Western Iraq

2021 ◽  
pp. 2580-2588
Author(s):  
Noor T. Altaee ◽  
Zaid A. Malak
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Intertidal Zone ◽  
Carbonate Rocks ◽  
Facies Analysis ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Early Jurassic ◽  
Water Circulation ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
North East ◽  
West Iraq

The Early Jurassic (Liassic) sequence crops out in numerous anticlines of the high folded zone of north and north-east Iraq and in the Rutba subzone (including Ubaid Formation) in west Iraq. The present study deals with siliciclastic / carbonate rocks of the 58 m-thick Ubaid Formation at Zor Hauran valley in south western Iraq. The formation consists of two parts; the lower part is composed of pebbly coarse sandstone and greenish to yellowish soft marl alternated with marly dolostone, while the upper part is characterized by light brown, well bedded dolostone, with stromatolite structure in some locations. Oval, light to dark brown nodules of chert are also present.      A detailed field lithological description and facies analysis of the Ubaid Formation were performed for thin sections. It is composed of five main microfacies; dolomitized mudstone, dolomitized bioclastic wackstone, dolomitized pelloidal packstone, dolomitized oolitic grainstone, and bindstone, in addition to two lithofacies: marl and pebbly sandstone. These facies reflect the deposition from the environment of the lower supratidal to intertidal zone and the encompassing shallow scaffold secured shoal - marine environment with cautious water circulation.

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