Characteristics of rainfall and runoff in different extreme precipitation events in the Beijing mountain area

Abstract This study was based on a rainstorm that happened in Beijing on 20 July 2016. We analyzed the characteristics of rainfall and runoff during this rainstorm, compared it to rainstorm 721, and investigated why no surface runoff was observed during this rainstorm. A runoff plot experiment showed that almost all runoff consisted of deep interflow (40–60 cm). For runoff plots with identical vegetation, the slope was smaller, and the lag time of the deep interflow relative to the process of rainfall was shorter. The runoff yield of the deep interflow was inversely proportional to the slope. Compared to plots with pure tree forest and shrub forest, the interflow process curve of plots with coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest was relatively gentle during the rainfall process. Thick litter layers, low antecedent moisture content of the soil, high gravel content of the soil, and the short duration of high intensity rainfall are the causes for the observed lack of surface runoff. To simultaneously prevent flooding and waterlogging, we propose to utilize vegetation to improve water storage at the reservoirs and to replenish the groundwater during cumulative rainstorms with a stable rain tendency.

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The significance of monitoring high mountain environments to detect heavy precipitation hotspots: a case study in Gredos, Central Spain

Theoretical and Applied Climatology ◽

10.1007/s00704-021-03791-x ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Enrique Morán-Tejeda ◽

José Manuel Llorente-Pinto ◽

Antonio Ceballos-Barbancho ◽

Miquel Tomás-Burguera ◽

César Azorín-Molina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Precipitation ◽

Forecast Model ◽

High Elevation ◽

Precipitation Anomaly ◽

Data Series ◽

High Mountain ◽

Central System ◽

Mountain Area ◽

Extreme Precipitation Events ◽

Precipitation Events

AbstractIn 2015, a new automatic weather station (AWS) was installed in a high elevation site in Gredos mountains (Central System, Spain). Since then, a surprisingly high number of heavy precipitation events have been recorded (55 days with precipitation over 50 mm, and a maximum daily precipitation of 446.9 mm), making this site a hotspot in Spain in terms of annual precipitation (2177 mm year) and extreme precipitation events. The neighboring stations available in the region with longer data series, including the closest ones, already informed of wet conditions in the area, but not comparable with such anomaly behavior detected in the new station (51% higher). In this study, we present the temporal variability of detected heavy precipitation events in this mountain area, and its narrow relation with atmospheric patterns over the Iberian Peninsula. Results revealed that 65% of the events occurred during advections from West, Southwest, South and cyclonic situations. A regression analysis showed that the precipitation anomaly is mostly explained by the location windward to the Atlantic wet air masses and the elevation. However, the variance explained by the models is rather low (average R2 for all events > 50 mm is 0.21). The regression models underestimate on average a 60% intensity of rainfall events. Oppositely, the high-resolution weather forecast model AROME at 0.025° was able to point out the extraordinary character of precipitation at this site, and the underestimation of observed precipitation in the AWS was about 26%. This result strongly suggests the usefulness of weather models to improve the knowledge of climatic extremes over large areas, and to improve the design of currently available observational networks.

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EXTREME PRECIPITATION EVENTS AND SUBSURFACE WATER STORAGE DYNAMICS OF GLACIATED LANDSCAPES

10.1130/abs/2017am-307912 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

David F. Boutt ◽

Keyword(s):

Extreme Precipitation ◽

Water Storage ◽

Subsurface Water ◽

Extreme Precipitation Events ◽

Precipitation Events

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NITROGEN AND CARBON DISCHARGE FROM EXTREME PRECIPITATION EVENTS: A CASE STUDY FROM THE SANTEE EXPERIMENTAL FOREST WATERSHED ON THE ATLANTIC COASTAL PLAIN

10.1130/abs/2019se-327586 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Devendra M. Amatya ◽

◽

Timothy J. Callahan ◽

Charles A. Harrison ◽

Carl C. Trettin

Keyword(s):

Coastal Plain ◽

Extreme Precipitation ◽

Atlantic Coastal Plain ◽

Extreme Precipitation Events ◽

Forest Watershed ◽

Atlantic Coastal ◽

Precipitation Events

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Semiarid grasslands and extreme precipitation events: Do experimental results scale to the landscape?

Ecology ◽

10.1002/ecy.3437 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alison K. Post ◽

Kristin P. Davis ◽

Jillian LaRoe ◽

David L. Hoover ◽

Alan K. Knapp

Keyword(s):

Extreme Precipitation ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Extreme Precipitation Events ◽

Precipitation Events

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Modelling salinity drop in estuarine areas under extreme precipitation events within a context of climate change: effect on bivalve mortality in Galician Rías Baixas

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148147 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 148147

Author(s):

M. Des ◽

D. Fernández-Nóvoa ◽

M. deCastro ◽

J.L. Gómez-Gesteira ◽

M.C. Sousa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Extreme Precipitation ◽

Extreme Precipitation Events ◽

Change Effect ◽

Climate Change Effect ◽

Rías Baixas ◽

Precipitation Events

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Synoptic forcing associated with extreme precipitation events over Southeastern South America as depicted by a CORDEX FPS set of convection-permitting RCMs

Climate Dynamics ◽

10.1007/s00382-021-05637-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

A. Lavin-Gullon ◽

M. Feijoo ◽

S. Solman ◽

J. Fernandez ◽

R. P. da Rocha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South America ◽

Extreme Precipitation ◽

Extreme Precipitation Events ◽

Synoptic Forcing ◽

Precipitation Events

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Recognizing the Aggregation Characteristics of Extreme Precipitation Events Using Spatio-Temporal Scanning and the Local Spatial Autocorrelation Model

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos12020218 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 218

Author(s):

Changjun Wan ◽

Changxiu Cheng ◽

Sijing Ye ◽

Shi Shen ◽

Ting Zhang

Keyword(s):

Spatial Autocorrelation ◽

Extreme Precipitation ◽

Eastern China ◽

Temporal Aggregation ◽

Global Changes ◽

Percentile Method ◽

Extreme Precipitation Events ◽

Spatio Temporal ◽

Precipitation Events ◽

Local Spatial Autocorrelation

Precipitation is an essential climate variable in the hydrologic cycle. Its abnormal change would have a serious impact on the social economy, ecological development and life safety. In recent decades, many studies about extreme precipitation have been performed on spatio-temporal variation patterns under global changes; little research has been conducted on the regionality and persistence, which tend to be more destructive. This study defines extreme precipitation events by percentile method, then applies the spatio-temporal scanning model (STSM) and the local spatial autocorrelation model (LSAM) to explore the spatio-temporal aggregation characteristics of extreme precipitation, taking China in July as a case. The study result showed that the STSM with the LSAM can effectively detect the spatio-temporal accumulation areas. The extreme precipitation events of China in July 2016 have a significant spatio-temporal aggregation characteristic. From the spatial perspective, China’s summer extreme precipitation spatio-temporal clusters are mainly distributed in eastern China and northern China, such as Dongting Lake plain, the Circum-Bohai Sea region, Gansu, and Xinjiang. From the temporal perspective, the spatio-temporal clusters of extreme precipitation are mainly distributed in July, and its occurrence was delayed with an increase in latitude, except for in Xinjiang, where extreme precipitation events often take place earlier and persist longer.

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