Residual chlorine behavior in a distribution network of a small water supply system

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Araya ◽  
Luis D. Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Small Variation ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
Water Age ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract This study presents the behavior of residual chlorine using computer modeling for a small water supply system located in La Sirena, Cali, Colombia. The study included field work to calibrate and validate the model together with lab determinations. Results show that the kinetics of first and second order together with the kinetics of mixed order can adequately describe the behavior of residual chlorine in this type of network. The research showed the variables that influence the behavior of residual chlorine in the network are: the quality of the input water, chlorine dosing, the effect of storage that increases the water age, and the presence of dead zones in the tanks. The study revealed that 95% of the reaction occurs in the storage tanks due to the small variation in the water level and the negligible reactions at the pipe walls. This study proved that the residual chlorine modeling in this small network in particular is a valuable tool for monitoring the water quality in the distribution network, which is useful to comply with water quality guidelines.

Multilevel water quality control system in the public water supply system of Saint-Petersburg

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е.Д. Нефедова ◽  
О.Д. Галактионова
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Production Control ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
Water Quality Control ◽  
Water Utility ◽  
Water Composition

Затронуты вопросы, связанные с организацией контроля качества питьевой воды, в том числе производственного контроля, в соответствии с действующими санитарными и отраслевыми нормативными документами. Приведен опыт ГУП «Водоканал Санкт-Петербурга» по формированию программ производственного контроля, выбора контрольных точек в распределительной сети с учетом оценки риска при ухудшении качества воды у потребителя. Обозначены инициативы по внесению в нормативные акты, касающиеся организации производственного контроля, обязательности использования автоматизированных систем контроля качества воды по основным индикаторным показателям (температура, мутность, цветность, рН, общий органический углерод, остаточный хлор). Это позволит повысить эффективность управления системой водоснабжения, оперативно реагировать на изменения состава воды, проводить постоянный мониторинг состояния устойчивости системы с переходом на цифровые технологии («умный водоканал»). The issues related to the arrangement of the drinking water quality control, including in-process monitoring, in accordance with the current sanitary and sectorial regulations are touched upon. The experience of SUE «Vodokanal of St. Petersburg» in developing production control programs, selecting control points in the distribution network with account of the risk assessment in case of water quality deterioration at the consumer’s tap, is presented. Initiatives for including into the statutory regulations on the arrangement of production control, the mandatory use of automated water quality control systems for the main indicator values (temperature, turbidity, color, pH, total organic carbon, residual chlorine) are outlined. The amendments will provide for improving the efficiency of the water supply system management, responding promptly to the changes in water composition, and continuously monitoring the state of the system sustainability with the transition to digital technologies («smart water utility»).

scholarly journals Influence Mechanism of Cyanobacterial Extracellular Polymeric Substances on the Water Quality in Dynamic Water Supply System

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13913
Author(s):  
Feng Sun ◽  
Peng Yu ◽  
Chenhui Xu ◽  
Hongfei Yu ◽  
Fengyi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
Mode Water ◽  
Batch Mode

As a kind of high-organic-content contamination source, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secreted by cyanobacteria have become an important factor restricting the safety of supply water. In the dynamic batch mode water supply system, cyanobacterial EPS accelerated the decay rate of residual chlorine, resulting in a 21–26 times increase of the total viable bacteria count within 72 h. The water turbidity exceeded upper limit of the standards for drinking water quality within 4 h, with an increase of 306–332% within 72 h. The biological stability was reduced with BDOC and AOC increased by 41.4–43.8% and 331–396%, respectively. The main cause is that cyanobacterial EPS act as nutrients and metabolic energy for microorganisms, promoting their metabolic activity and secretion of extracellular organic components. This leads to the metabolic accumulation of tryptophan, fulvic acids and humic acids in the pipeline, thus further promoting the regeneration of bacteria. Compared with the influence of biofilm on pipe wall caused by long-term use of water supply network, the contribution of cyanobacterial EPS to the water contamination of pipe network is increased several times. Therefore, even in the presence of residual chlorine, the secondary contamination caused by cyanobacterial EPS in the water supply system could not be neglected.

scholarly journals Krisis Air Cobalah Distilasi Surya

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gede H Cahyana
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Solar Distillation ◽  
Dirty Water

Solar distillation for small water supply system in rural area is an appropriate technology for seaside village. A modification had been made by Nabil A, Rahim to treat dirty water both all day long and night time.

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