Penyuluhan Tentang Demam Berdarah (DBD) dan Tanaman Pengusir Nyamuk Di Lingkungan Kecamatan Manggala Kota Makassar

Manggala District is one of the sub-districts in Makassar City which often faces cases of Dengue Fever. Dengue fever is a disease transmitted through the bite of the Aedes aegypti mosquito. The breeding of Aedes Aegypti is increasing due to the increasingly crowded conditions of buildings and housing. These mosquitoes not only live in dirty water environments, but also in clean water such as bathtubs, water reservoirs, and others. Some community members still have limited knowledge and understanding of effective ways of dealing with dengue cases, as well as the use of plant species that can be used to repel mosquitoes. The purpose of the service is to increase the knowledge and understanding of the community about dengue fever and the use of mosquito repellent plants. The extension method is the presentation by the extension team, the discussion stage, and the evaluation stage. The results show an increase in public knowledge and understanding of dengue disease and the use of mosquito repellent plants. The conclusion is that the community finally knows the dangers of dengue disease and knows the types of mosquito repellent plants.

KUALITAS SARANA DAN PRASARANA PERUMAHAN GRIYA HARAPAN WELERI

Rumah sebagai tempat yang layak huni untuk memenuhi kebutuhan penggunanya hingga dapat menjadi aset bagi pemiliknya. Kebutuhan hunian merupakan kebutuhan pokok yang harus dipenuhi pada setiap keluarga. Pembangunan rumah didalam kawasan perumahan dapat menjadi alternatif bagi keluarga atau masyarakat untuk memenuhi kebutuhan tersebut. Pihak developer mendirikan perumahan dengan menyediakan rumah untuk masyarakat berpenghasilan rendah. Fasilitas – fasilitas yang mendasar seperti jaringan jalan, jaringan listrik, jaringan air bersih dan kotor sudah disediakan oleh pihak developer. Fasilitas ini dapat berkembang dengan bertambahnya penghuni untuk membuat kehidupan pada perumahan ini. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi sarana dan prasarana kondisi eksisting dengan standar SNI dan mengembangkan atau menambah kebutuhan sarana dan prasarana yang belum sesuai atau belum ada di perumahan ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif pendekatan deskriptif evaluatif dengan membandingkan kondisi eksisting dengan standar SNI. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan data primer dan sekunder. Data primer diperoleh dari obesrvasi dan wawancara dengan warga perumahan sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari standar SNI, buku dan jurnal terkait. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu sarana yang belum sesuai dengan standar SNI yaitu sarana pendidikan, sarana olahraga dan RTH. Sedangkan prasarana yang belum sesuai yaitu jaringan jalan dan jaringan air bersih.THE QUALITY OF HOUSING INFRASTRUCTURE AND FACILITIES GRIYA HARAPAN WELERI The house as a livable place to meet the needs of its users so that it can become an asset for the owner. Housing needs are basic needs that must be met in every family. The construction of houses in residential areas can be an alternative for families or communities to meet these needs. The developer builds housing by providing houses for low-income people. Basic facilities such as road networks, electricity networks, clean and dirty water networks have been provided by the developer. This facility can expand with more residents to make a living in this housing. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the existing condition facilities and infrastructure with SNI standards and to develop or add to the need for facilities and infrastructure that are not appropriate or do not exist in this housing. This study uses a qualitative descriptive evaluative approach by comparing the existing conditions with SNI standards. Data collection is done with primary and secondary data. Primary data were obtained from observations and interviews with housing residents, while secondary data were obtained from SNI standards, related books and journals. The results of this study are facilities that are not in accordance with SNI standards, namely educational facilities, sports facilities and green open space. Meanwhile, the infrastructure that is not suitable is the road network and clean water network.

Stories of water: preschool children’s engagement with water purification

This article aims to investigate environmental education in preschools by taking Donna Haraway’s call of staying with the trouble together with preschool children seriously, here-and-now, in explorations of dirty water and water purification. This posthumanist inspired research project draws theoretically and methodologically on the writings of Haraway, Anna L. Tsing and Isabelle Stengers. The empirical data consist of three stories from a multidisciplinary intervention research project in the Stockholm region in Sweden, collected from collaboratively produced data such as films, photographs, drawings, and notes from the project. The study can be seen as an invitation to preschools to engage in the debate on climate change and to create a togetherness around environmental concerns, not only in the future, but also here-and-now in the preschool.

Greenhouse Gas Emission Assessment of Simulated Wastewater Biorefinery

A wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) can be considered a system where dirty water enters and fresh water (by means of treatment processes) and other co-products such as sludge and biogas exit. Inside the system, typically, the following steps occur: preliminary treatment, primary treatment, secondary treatment, tertiary treatment, disinfection, and solids handling. The system transforms biomass into several energy and non-energy products, which fall into the definition of a biorefinery. This research compares three simulated WWTP in terms of their environmental greenhouse gas (GHG) emission release to the atmosphere: a generic one (without co-product valorization), one that converts co-products into fertilizer, heat, and electricity, and a third one that converts co-products into heat, electricity, fertilizer, and bioplastic. Heat and electricity are used to provide its energy needs. The chosen impact category is GHG, and the aim is to project the best scenario to the European context in terms of GHG avoidance (savings). The scope is the upstream electricity and natural gas production, the in-use emissions, and the avoided emissions by substituting equivalent fossil-based products. The functional unit is 1 L of sewage (“dirty water”). The GHG savings are evaluated by comparing a generic WWTP scenario, without co-product valorization, with alternative scenarios of co-product valorization. Conventional LCA assuming all the emissions occurs at instant zero is compared to a more realistic environment where for each year, the average of the variable emission pulses occurs. Variable emissions pulses are taken from variable inflows data publicly available from European COST actions (COST Action 682 “Integrated Wastewater Management” as well as within the first IAWQ (later IWA) Task Group on respirometry-based control of the activated sludge process), within the later COST Action 624 on “Optimal Management of Wastewater Systems”). The GHG uncertainty is estimated based on the inputs benchmark data from the WWTP literature and by having different available global warming potential dynamic models. The conventional LCA versus dynamic LCA approach is discussed especially because a WWTP is by nature a dynamic system, having variable inputs along time and therefore variable output GHG emission pulses. It is concluded that heat needs are fully covered by biogas production in the anaerobic digester and combustion, covering its own energy needs and with a potential for heat district supply. Only 30–40% of electricity needs are covered by combined heat and power. Bioplastics and/or fertilizer yields potentially represent less than 3% of current European needs, which suggests the need to reduce their consumption levels. In comparison to generic WWTP, GHG savings are 20%, considering the uncertainty in the benchmark input assumptions. The former is much higher than the uncertainty in the dynamic global warming potential model selection, which means that the model selection is not important in this case study.

Training on Making Environmentally Friendly Clean Water Filters Using Used Bottles for Residents of Tegallega Village in Cianjur Regency

Tegallega Village, Warung Kondang District, Cianjur Regency has a problem regarding the availability of clean water, the water used by residents comes from the Cimanceuri River or dug wells where the water is relatively cloudy, even though the use of dirty water has the potential to cause various health problems, such as cholera, dysentery, typhus, and tuberculosis and other diseases. The availability of clean water has always been one of the characteristics of community welfare. How not without clean water it is impossible to realize a prosperous society, a physically and mentally healthy society as a form of participation in developing public health. This activity method in community service uses a follow-up study method with a participatory approach in community service, the team conducts training on how to make simple water filtration that can be used as a source of clean water for families by using plastic bottle waste and other environmentally friendly materials that residents can find around environment in making the dirty water filter. The results of this Community Service Activity went smoothly and were greeted with great enthusiasm by the residents because the practice of making water purification equipment made with materials such as pebbles, coconut fiber, charcoal, fibers, and sponges functioned well from the water which was originally colored cloudy turns to be clearer and odorless.

Pattern formation in drying blood drops

Patterns in dried droplets are commonly observed as rings left after spills of dirty water or coffee have evaporated. Patterns are also seen in dried blood droplets and the patterns have been shown to differ from patients afflicted with different medical conditions. This has been proposed as the basis for a new generation of low-cost blood diagnostics. Before these diagnostics can be widely used, the underlying mechanisms leading to pattern formation in these systems must be understood. We analyse the height profile and appearance of dispersions prepared with red blood cells (RBCs) from healthy donors. The red cell concentrations and diluent were varied and compared with simple polystyrene particle systems to identify the dominant mechanistic variables. Typically, a high concentration of non-volatile components suppresses ring formation. However, RBC suspensions display a greater volume of edge deposition when the red cell concentration is higher. This discrepancy is caused by the consolidation front halting during drying for most blood suspensions. This prevents the standard horizontal drying mechanism and leads to two clearly defined regions in final crack patterns and height profile. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘A cracking approach to inventing new tough materials: fracture stranger than friction’.

Knowledge, awareness and preventive practices of dengue outbreak in Bangladesh: A countrywide study

Background Dengue, the mosquito borne disease has become a growing public health threat in Bangladesh due to its gradual increasing morbidity and mortality since 2000. In 2019, the country witnessed the worst ever dengue outbreak. The present study was conducted to characterize the socio-economic factors and knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) status towards dengue among the people of Bangladesh. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,010 randomly selected respondents from nine different administrative regions of Bangladesh between July and November 2019. A structured questionnaire was used covering socio-demographic characteristics of the participants including their knowledge, awareness, treatment and practices regarding dengue fever. Factors associated with the knowledge and awareness of dengue were investigated separately, using multivariable logistic regression. Results Although majority (93.8%) of the respondents had heard about dengue, however, they had still misconceptions about Aedes breeding habitat. Around half of the study population (45.7%) had mistaken belief that Aedes can breed in dirty water and 43.1% knew that Aedes mosquito usually bites around sunrise and sunset. Fever indication was found in 36.6% of people which is the most common symptom of dengue. Among the socio-demographic variables, the level of education of the respondents was identified as an independent predictor for both knowledge (p<0.05) and awareness (p<0.05) of dengue. The preventive practice level was moderately less than the knowledge level though there was a significant association (p<0.05) existed between knowledge and preventive practices. Our study noted that TV/Radio is an effective predominant source of information about dengue fever. Conclusion As dengue is emerging in Bangladesh, there is an urgent need to increase health promotion activities through campaigns for eliminating the misconception and considerable knowledge gaps about dengue.

Agent-based modeling of malaria control through mosquito aquatic habitats management in a traditional sub-Sahara grouping

Background Africans pour dirty water around their houses which constitutes aquatic habitats (AH). These AH are sought by mosquitoes for larval development. Recent studies have shown the effectiveness of destroying AH around houses in reducing malaria incidence. An agent-based model is proposed for controlling malaria’s incidence through population sensitizing campaigns on the harmful effects of AH around houses. Methods The environment is constituted of houses, AH, mosquitoes, humans, and hospital. Malaria’s spread dynamic is linked to the dynamics of humans and mosquitoes. The mosquito’s dynamic is represented by egg-laying and seeking blood. The human’s dynamic is animated by hitting mosquitoes. AH are destroyed each time by 10% of their starting number. The number of infected humans varied from 0-90 which led to a total of 1001 simulations. Results When the number of houses and AH is equal, the results are approximate as the field data. At each reduction of AH, the incidence and prevalence tend more and more towards 0. When there is no AH and infected humans, the prevalence and incidence are at 0. Conclusions When there is no AH site, the disease disappears completely. Global destruction of AH in an environment and using many parameters in the same model are recommended.