International watercourses: the World Bank looks toward a more comprehensive approach to management1

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 345-352
Author(s):  
Harvey Olem ◽  
Alfred M. Duda
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Pollution Abatement ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Comprehensive Approach ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Institution Building ◽  
Global Environment Facility ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
The World

This paper examines transboundary water resources management challenges currently being faced across the globe. Lessons learned from Europe, Africa, Asia and North America are outlined on the need for more integrated, ecosystem-based management of these international watercourses and on institutional arrangements for improving management. The World Bank's new Water Resources Management Policy is presented with an emphasis on elements related to a more comprehensive approach that considers integrated land-water management, proper pricing for water service delivery, nonpoint pollution abatement, aquatic ecosystem restoration, and institution building. Also described is a key international funding mechanism for more comprehensively managing international watercourses known as the Global Environment Facility (GEF). Restructed and replenished in 1994, GEF can play a catalytic role in building institutions for better water resources management and in fostering cooperative actions among nations in a basin toward the ultimate goal of making development more environmentally sustainable.

Implementing the world bank's water resources management policy: a priority on toxic substances from nonpoint sources

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Duda ◽  
M. Nawar
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Nonpoint Source ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Nonpoint Sources ◽  
The World ◽  
A Priority

Compared to point source discharges, nonpoint or diffuse source contaminants cause more widespread degradation of surface and groundwater quality worldwide. While it is in the economic interest of all nations to establish programs for abatement of nonpoint source pollution, priorities must be established, and particularly dangerous contaminants that are hazardous, toxic or radioactive by nature deserve the highest priority. This paper makes the case for why these dangerous contaminants from nonpoint sources must urgently be addressed. The nature and significance of these contaminants are reviewed and the complex, multimedia sources of the releases are identified, including “donations” and export of hazardous materials to developing countries. Examples are cited from North America, Europe, the former Soviet Union and Asia of the enormous extent of contamination of soil, groundwater, surface water, fish, and wildlife from these persistent toxic chemicals. They are persistent in the environment, build up in fish through food chains, and contaminate human food. These chemicals mimic hormones and disrupt the development of offspring as they cause complex reproductive, metabolic, neurological, and behavioral changes as well as cancer risks. A new Water Resources Management Policy recently adopted by the World Bank places a priority on pollution prevention measures for industry, abatement of nonpoint source discharges, development of effective government regulatory institutions, and remediation/restoration of contaminated sites and ecosystems. Relevant elements of the policy are presented. In addition, the importance of economic instruments (polluters pays funds) for waste site cleanup and remedial action requirements being included during privatization of industrial sites are stressed.

Two Ways of Reasoning, One Outcome: The World Bank's Evolving Philosophy in Establishing a “Sustainable Water Resources Management” Policy

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Allouche ◽  
Matthias Finger
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Sustainable Water Resources Management ◽  
The World

This article discusses the evolution of water resources management and policies since the early 1990s. Changes are due, in particular, to two international conferences both held in 1992 (Rio and Dublin), which laid the groundwork for an integrated approach to water management. Reformers concentrated on creating a coherent policy that would take into account environmental concerns. This paper focuses on the World Bank as one of the most important actors in the formulation and financing of water policies. Indeed, the World Bank has developed, as a result of these conferences, a new policy that regroups different water projects into one single concept: water resources management. It turns out, however, that water resources management in essence just means water privatization.

scholarly journals Legal Policy of Water Resources Management by Local Governments: A Review of Right to Water in Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 250
Author(s):  
Nadia Astriani
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Normative Study ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
The Law

This study is based by the cancellation of Act No. 7 of 2004 on Water Resources by the Indonesian Constitutional Court. Over the past 10 years, the law is the basis for the water resources management in Indonesia. The cancellation of the law would provide great impact for water resources management policy, especially with regard to the provision of right to water. Hence, this study aimed to determine the legal status of Right to Water provided by the local government after the cancellation of Act No. 7 of 2014 on Water Resources. The object of this normative study includes legal principles and systematic. This is due to the focus of this study is the meaning of the right principle to ruled state in the context of realizing the peoples’ prosperity and the position of Water Resources Act as the basis for the issuance of Government Regulation and Right to Water. The results of study indicate that in order to provide legal certainty for permit holder for Right to Use Water and Right to Commercialize Water, the ministry has issued various ministerial regulations, although the nature of these regulations only fills a legal vacuum. In the case of permit to Use of Water Resources, all permits for use of water resources that use surface water issued before the decision of Constitutional Court No. 85/PUU-XI/2013 are still valid. To permit referred to it, evaluation is conducted based on 6 (six) the principles of water resources management. Request new permit are in the process or for renewal of permit to use water resources that use surface water, processed as 6 (six) principles of water resources management. Although, in order to ensure legal certainty, the government should immediately issues the Act in Lieu of Water Resources Management which will be the basis for water resources management in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Spatial Analysis of Seasonal Precipitation over Iran: Co-Variation with Climate Indices

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Majid Dehghani ◽  
Somayeh Salehi ◽  
Amir Mosavi ◽  
Narjes Nabipour ◽  
Shahaboddin Shamshirband ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Climate Indices ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Seasonal Precipitation ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Parts

Temporary changes in precipitation may lead to sustained and severe drought or massive floods in different parts of the world. Knowing the variation in precipitation can effectively help the water resources decision-makers in water resources management. Large-scale circulation drivers have a considerable impact on precipitation in different parts of the world. In this research, the impact of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) on seasonal precipitation over Iran was investigated. For this purpose, 103 synoptic stations with at least 30 years of data were utilized. The Spearman correlation coefficient between the indices in the previous 12 months with seasonal precipitation was calculated, and the meaningful correlations were extracted. Then, the month in which each of these indices has the highest correlation with seasonal precipitation was determined. Finally, the overall amount of increase or decrease in seasonal precipitation due to each of these indices was calculated. Results indicate the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), NAO, and PDO have the most impact on seasonal precipitation, respectively. Additionally, these indices have the highest impact on the precipitation in winter, autumn, spring, and summer, respectively. SOI has a diverse impact on winter precipitation compared to the PDO and NAO, while in the other seasons, each index has its special impact on seasonal precipitation. Generally, all indices in different phases may decrease the seasonal precipitation up to 100%. However, the seasonal precipitation may increase more than 100% in different seasons due to the impact of these indices. The results of this study can be used effectively in water resources management and especially in dam operation.

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