Remediation of PCB-containing sediments using surface water diversion “dry excavation”: a case study

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 239-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. Praeger ◽  
Stuart D. Messur ◽  
Richard P. DiFiore
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Diversion ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Sediment Removal ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
The Many ◽  
Groundwater Infiltration

Remediation of contaminated sediments presents an on-going challenge in the efforts toward improved water quality and environmental restoration. Faced with this challenge, Mercury Marine recently selected a remedial alternative that included diverting creek flow and removing approximately 5,900 in-situ cubic meters of sediments containing PCBs from an impoundment in Cedar Creek. The regulatory objective was to remove all sediment containing PCBs “to the extent practicable” from an 180-meter stretch of the impoundment. A remedial investigation was conducted to collect the data necessary to characterize the site and prepare a remedial design. Technical issues involved with dry excavation that were critical to implementing this alternative included: channel diversion, sediment characterization, pond dewatering, wastewater treatment, groundwater infiltration, surface water run-off, and sediment removal, handling and disposal. Mercury Marine and its engineering staff found sediment removal by dry excavation to be a labor intensive and costly means of remediating the PCB-affected sediments at this site. Before implementing dry excavation at any site, owners, consultants, and regulatory agencies must realize the many limitations of this alternative and give special consideration to site conditions, engineering, and planning.

The Use of Composites in Architectural Restoration: Some Critical Considerations on the Theoretical Implications

2014 ◽  
Vol 624 ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Eva Coisson ◽  
Federica Ottoni
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Single Case Study ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
The Many ◽  
Architectural Restoration ◽  
Theoretical Issues

The use of composites in the field of architectural restoration is becoming more and more widespread, because of the great technical advantages they convey in many cases. But applying these materials to the Cultural Heritage poses not only technical issues, common to all the applications on the same materials, but also artistic, historical and, more generally, cultural ones. The present paper faces these issues, starting with some considerations on how they were dealt with in history, when the “new” materials were iron, steel and reinforced concrete. Then, the specific problems posed by the composite materials are discussed and some examples are shown in order to identify the correct approach to the many different cases that can arouse in the field of architectural restoration. There isn’t a single right solution for each problem, but there is a right approach that starts from the comprehension of the building’s behavior, passes through a comparison of all the possible solutions and aims at finding the best equilibrium among the technical and theoretical issues for the single case study.

scholarly journals Identification of groundwater origin using environmental isotopes (18O and 2H) in the upper catchment of Ikopa, district Antananarivo

2019 ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
J.R. Randriantsivery ◽  
J. Rajaobelison ◽  
V. Ramaroson ◽  
N. Rabesiranana ◽  
L. P. Fareze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Environmental Isotopes ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
Isotope Method ◽  
Groundwater Origin ◽  
Run Off

The upper catchment of Ikopa has great potential for surface or sub-surface water resources. The Ikopa River plays an important role in the water supply of the plain of Antananarivo. Knowing that surface water is abundant but exposed to the high risk of pollution, and groundwater remains less exploited because of the insufficiency of the study concerning the recharge and the sources of their mineralization. The objective of this research is to use the isotope method to characterize groundwater to determine their origin and recharge process. The results of chemical analysis show three different facies type of groundwater which dominated by the sodium, nitrate and chloride ions. The isotopic compositions of the waters sampled vary respectively from -7.25‰ to 5-.09‰ for δ18O and from -46.9‰ to -24.7‰ for  δ2H. water form the lakes are more enriched compared to those rivers and groundwater. The diagram δ18O- δ2H shows that groundwater is recharged from local rainwater but undergoes low evaporation before infiltration. However, the results obtained from the parameters measured in situ show that a lateral recharge of groundwater from the streams feeds the neighboring aquifers. Lakes are fed by run-off during the rainy season.

scholarly journals Statistical multi-metric based eutrophication index: Case of study at Batam Marine Reserve Park

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Hedi Indra Januar ◽  
Asri Pratitis ◽  
Rini Susilowati
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Index Case ◽  
Marine Reserve ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Human Waste ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Phosphate Nitrate

Excessive human waste nutrients, which usually consist of nitrogenous and phosphate compounds, are known as the major environmental stresses in coastal waters. Therefore, monitoring of nutrients level is very important in marine reserve park. This study presents an application of multi-metric index in accessing the spatial and temporal level of a nutrient in surface water at Batam City Marine Reserve Park, Indonesia. Research had been done with seasonal and spatial zones on three major islands namely Petong, Abang, and Dedep. Water samples from each station were taken from the surface water. Phosphate, nitrate, nitrite, and ammonia, were analyzed in situ and chlorophyll was conducted in the laboratory by spectrophotometric method. Statistical multi-metric detected the average eutrophication index (EI) value between 0.2-0.7, which is mesotrophic to eutrophic. Petong and Abang zones were categorized as eutrophic, and Dadap was mesotrophic. Continuous nutrients contamination throughout seasonal may be derived from sedimentation and domestic run-off from human-populated islands in the middle and northern region. Therefore, ecosystem rehabilitation and mitigation of anthropogenic run-off are needed to optimise the conservation management. Moreover, Dadap zone as the area with the least anthropogenic pressures is potential to be the core of conservation area in Batam City marine reserve park.

scholarly journals Monitoring spatial-temporal dynamics of small lakes based on SAR Sentinel-1 observations: a case study over Nui Coc Lake (Vietnam)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binh Pham Duc ◽  
Son Tong Si
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Backscatter Coefficient ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
North Vietnam ◽  
First Time ◽  
Global Surface ◽  
Sentinel 2

For the first time, this study estimates the variation of surface water extent of Nui Coc Lake located in Thai Nguyen province in North Vietnam at high spatial (20 m) and temporal resolution (bi-weekly). The classification methodology was developed based on the use of the Otsu threshold algorithm on the histogram of the backscatter coefficient of the SAR Sentinel-1 signal. Totally, more than 150 SAR Sentinel-1 images have been processed for the 2016-2020 period. Except for extreme drought and flood conditions, the average minimum and maximum of the lake’s surface water extent are 17 km2 (in May) and 24 km2 (in September/October), respectively, and Nui Coc Lake’s surface water was stable during the last five years. Classification results are in good agreement with the corresponding surface water extent maps derived from free-cloud Sentinel-2 images, with the occurrence map derived from the Landsat-derived Global Surface Water (GSW) product, and with in situ precipitation data. Compared to Sentinel-2, the lake’s surface water extent detected from Sentinel-1 is 4-4.5% less. The water occurrence is similar between our results and that derived from the GSW product, but Sentinel-1 data provide more details as its spatial resolution is higher than Landsat. This study clearly shows the great potential of SAR Sentinel-1 data for monitoring small lake’s water surface at low costs, especially over tropical regions.

scholarly journals Potential and Limitations of Satellite Altimetry Constellations for Monitoring Surface Water Storage Changes—A Case Study in the Mississippi Basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 3320
Author(s):  
Denise Dettmering ◽  
Laura Ellenbeck ◽  
Daniel Scherer ◽  
Christian Schwatke ◽  
Christoph Niemann
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Mississippi River ◽  
Satellite Altimetry ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Ocean Topography

Remote sensing data are essential for monitoring the Earth’s surface waters, especially since the amount of publicly available in-situ data is declining. Satellite altimetry provides valuable information on the water levels and variations of lakes, reservoirs and rivers. In combination with satellite imagery, the derived time series allow the monitoring of lake storage changes and river discharge. However, satellite altimetry is limited in terms of its spatial resolution due to its measurement geometry, only providing information in the nadir direction beneath the satellite’s orbit. In a case study in the Mississippi River Basin (MRB), this study investigates the potential and limitations of past and current satellite missions for the monitoring of basin-wide storage changes. For that purpose, an automated target detection is developed and the extracted lake surfaces are merged with the satellites’ tracks. This reveals that the current altimeter configuration misses about 80% of all lakes larger than 0.1 km2 in the MRB and 20% of lakes larger than 10 km2, corresponding to 30% and 7% of the total water area, respectively. Past altimetry configurations perform even more poorly. From the larger water bodies represented by a global hydrology model, at least 91% of targets and 98% of storage changes are captured by the current altimeter configuration. This will improve significantly with the launch of the planned Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission.

SenCity – Evaluating Users’ Experiences of Intelligent Lighting for Well-Being in Smart Cities

2018 ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
Henrika Pihlajaniemi ◽  
Anna Luusua ◽  
Eveliina Juntunen
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
Sense Of Security ◽  
System Data

This paper presents the evaluation of usersХ experiences in three intelligent lighting pilots in Finland. Two of the case studies are related to the use of intelligent lighting in different kinds of traffic areas, having emphasis on aspects of visibility, traffic and movement safety, and sense of security. The last case study presents a more complex view to the experience of intelligent lighting in smart city contexts. The evaluation methods, tailored to each pilot context, include questionnaires, an urban dashboard, in-situ interviews and observations, evaluation probes, and system data analyses. The applicability of the selected and tested methods is discussed reflecting the process and achieved results.

Surface Water Quality Assessment. Case Study: Târnava Mare River, Mediaș Town-Romania

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 70-72
Author(s):  
Cristina Roşu ◽  
◽  
Ioana Piştea ◽  
Carmen Roba ◽  
Mihaela Mihu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Assessment
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