The effect of surges on the performance of rapid gravity filtration

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme D. E. Glasgow ◽  
Andrew D. Wheatley
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Head Loss ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Filter Performance

Filters used in drinking water treatment are subject to small continuous flow rate fluctuations or surges. Large changes in rate are known to have a detrimental effect on filtrate quality. Less is known about the effects of surging. Past observations suggest that surging may significantly influence filter performance but the effect has yet to be confirmed under controlled conditions and the mechanisms critically examined. Two rapid filters were developed in the laboratory to investigate the influence of surging on performance. Reproducible performance was established before applying surges to one filter only. Measurements of head loss and turbidity were taken with depth and time. Surges were found to reduce filter performance. The fluctuations in flow were found to slow the rate of ripening of the filter, retard the rate of head loss development and reduce the removal efficiency. The experimental results obtained suggest that surging does have a significant effect on rapid filter performance.

scholarly journals Drinking Water Treatment by Inductively Coupled Plasma System to Remove of Microorganisms in River Water

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 03038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reni Desmiarti ◽  
Ariadi Hazmi ◽  
Primas Emeraldi ◽  
Munas Martynis ◽  
Yenni Trianda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
River Water ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Plasma System ◽  
Inductively Coupled

Inductively coupled plasma system was used in drinking water treatment system to kill the microorganisms in water such as total coliforms (TC), fecal coliforms (FC) and other coliforms (OC) from river water. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of flowrate on removal efficiency (RE), death rate, and death yield and energy consumption of bacteria's. The frequency of the system was set at 4.6 MHz. The results show that the removal efficiencies and death rate of TC, FC and OC decreased with increasing flowrate. Compared to FC, the first-order reactions of TC and OC were lower in the following order: FC > OC > TC. The death yield of TC and OC significantly increased when the removal efficiency increased. The electromagnetic flux varied from 19.44 to 20.55 W/cm2 and the energy consumption was 0.26, 0.32, and 0.67 with flow rate at 20, 10 and 5 mL/minute, respectively. These results are very necessary to improve drinking water treatment.

Occurrence and separation of Cryptosporidium oocysts in drinking water treatment

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 159-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Dolejš ◽  
O. Ditrich ◽  
T. Machula ◽  
N. Kalousková ◽  
G. Puzová
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Mixing Conditions ◽  
Drinking Water Sources ◽  
Cryptosporidium Oocysts ◽  
Mixing Intensity ◽  
Treatment Train

The presence of Cryptosporidium sp. in Czech drinking water sources was monitored. High numbers of Cryptosporidium oocysts were found in the Slezska Harta reservoir after 1997 summer floods. The influence of iron (III) coagulant dose, mixing conditions and preozonation on the removal efficiency of Cryptosporidium oocysts was studied. Low mixing intensity produced flocs with poor settling features. The efficiency of sedimentation expressed as residual iron after sedimentation was proportional to removal efficiency of oocysts. Both underdosing or overdosing of iron (III) coagulant resulted in decrease of COD, turbidity and oocyst removal. Preozonation positively influenced removal efficiency of oocysts in the conventional drinking water treatment train studied.

scholarly journals Optimisation of degreemont water treatment package on Kedung Halang water treatment plant, Bogor, West Java

2021 ◽  
Vol 894 (1) ◽  
pp. 012018
Author(s):  
H Gabrielle ◽  
R A Kusumadewi ◽  
Ratnaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Evaluation Result ◽  
Optimum Flow Rate ◽  
Drinking Water Standard

Abstract To provide drinking water in Bogor Regency, PDAM Tirta Kahuripan has several Water Treatment Plants (WTP) Kedung Halang WTP. Kedung Halang WTP consists of two water treatment packages, Indisi and Degreemont, with an average production of 37.3 L/s and 83.9 L/s, respectively. The purposes of this research are to evaluate the performance of the operating unit and process on the Degreemont Package and to provide optimisation recommendations based on the evaluation result. Steps in this research include evaluating the existing condition, providing recommendations, and analysing the quality of water produced. The evaluation found that one of the parameters did not fulfil the design criteria: the G.Td value on coagulation. The evaluation result of maximum flow rate is 125 L/s on intake, 150 L/s on coagulation, 130 L/s on flocculation and sedimentation, and 200 L/s on filtration. Thus, the optimum flow rate that can be operated is 125 L/s. The turbidity of the water produced has met the drinking water standard according to Minister of Health Regulation No. 492 of 2010, with removal efficiency above 95%. According to the result, it can be said that Degreemont Package is qualified to be applied as a drinking water treatment.

scholarly journals Evaluation on the removal efficiency of pharmaceutical compounds in conventional drinking water treatment processes

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 126-135
Author(s):  
Hee-Jeong Seo ◽  
Yong-Hoon Park ◽  
In-Sook Kang ◽  
Hwa-Bong Myong ◽  
Yang-Suk Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Pharmaceutical Compounds ◽  
Treatment Processes

scholarly journals Removal efficiency of micro- and nanoplastics (180 nm–125 μm) during drinking water treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 720 ◽  
pp. 137383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongli Zhang ◽  
Allison Diehl ◽  
Ashton Lewandowski ◽  
Kishore Gopalakrishnan ◽  
Tracie Baker
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment
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