Technological and hygienic consequences of reservoirs eutrophication in the Czech Republic

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alena Sládecková ◽  
Ladislav Žácek
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Algal Toxins ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Special Cases

More than one half of drinking water demand in the Czech Republic is covered by surface water resources. The most frequent problems of the water treatment and supply are caused by the eutrophication of reservoirs. Biological parameters of drinking water quality based upon the microscopic analysis are included in local standards and commonly used in water works laboratories. Several new methods and criteria have been elaborated: microscopic evaluation of the separation efficiency of water treatment, categorization of microorganisms according to their separability, a screening bioassay for the assessment of biological stability of the water in course of the treatment and distribution, biological indicators of the eutrophication degree of reservoirs and their tributaries. A set of supplementary biological methods and criteria for special cases was published. Algal toxins have been detected not only in cyanobacterial water blooms in reservoirs but also in periphyton layers growing in different units of water works treatment trains. Two examples of the integrated system approach to the water supply from eutrophicated reservoirs inclusive of proposed preventive and remedial measures are selected from a recently finished extensive research project. Improvement actions in the resources protection, water works design and operation, laboratory control system and legislation are recommended.

Monitoring of pesticides in drinking water: finding the right balance between under- and over-monitoring – experience from the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip Kotal ◽  
František Kožíšek ◽  
Hana Jeligová ◽  
Adam Vavrouš ◽  
Daniel Gari Wayessa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Right

The modern, risk-based approach requires that only those pollutants which are likely to be present in a given water supply should be monitored in drinking water. From this perspective, defining...

scholarly journals Change in dissolved oxygen concentrations during aeration and mixing using a combined system

2021 ◽  
Vol 900 (1) ◽  
pp. 012039
Author(s):  
V Singrova ◽  
P Hlustik
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Combined System ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Oxygen Concentrations

Abstract Combined mixing and aeration systems are not given priority in the Czech Republic. Still, they are installed at several WWTPs. Their advantage is mixing and aerating at the same time. This article provides data from actual measurements where a combined system was used for drinking water including necessary chemicals. The text below evaluates the course of changes in the concentration of dissolved oxygen in different points in the reactor depending on time.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the SWAT model as an integrated management tool in the Švihov drinking water supply catchment

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
Jan Gregar ◽  
Jan Petrů ◽  
Jana Novotná
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
The Czech Republic

Švihov dam, the largest drinking water source in the Czech Republic and Central Europe, has problems with eutrophication. The Švihov dam catchment spreads over 1200 km<sup>2</sup> and supplies over 1.5 million people in the capital of Prague and the Central Bohemian region with drinking water. Due to intensive agricultural activities and a lack of wastewater treatment plants in small settlements, the water quality is deteriorating. As a result, corrective measures need to be taken. Technological Agency of the Czech Republic supported this research which proposes different scenarios for a reduction of water quality degradation in the dam. The Trnávka dam watershed was chosen for study purposes as it occupies one quarter of the Švihov dam watershed. Hydrological balance was established using measured data. Point and non-point sources of nutrients were determined by field research and included in a Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. This study aims to propose complex watershed management to improve the state of the environment in the entire area and to reduce eutrophication. Different management practices would reduce nutrient loads of streams and increase water quality which is the critical factor in dam eutrophication. This research brings methodology and systematic approach to integrated management, and can be applied not only for the Švihov dam, but also for other watersheds, including those which function as drinking water supply.

History of A.M.E. Standard Creation

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislav Vejvoda
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Technical Documentation ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
History Of ◽  
Plant Components

Czechoslovak specialists participated in creation of the Interatomenergo standards for design of WWER type nuclear power plant components from 1980 to 1989. The Interatomenergo standards had not been accepted as official standards in the Czech Republic. Temelin power plant was built in the ninetieth years of last century, but any public requirement followed the existing creation of the national nuclear standards of that time. The Standard Technical Documentation (STD) was asked for assessment of strength and lifetime analyses of components manufactured for the Temelin nuclear power plant. The Association of Mechanical Engineers (A.M.E) issued six Sections and one Section of Special Cases of the Standard Technical Documentation. Revisions of these Sections are made every three years with last revision being published in 2007.

scholarly journals The challenge of implementing European Union environmental law in the new member states: The Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive in the Czech Republic and Poland

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1117-1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Marek ◽  
Michael Baun ◽  
Marcin Dąbrowski
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
European Union ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Urban Waste ◽  
The Czech Republic

This article examines the problematic implementation of the Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive (UWWTD) in the Czech Republic and Poland from the perspective of the scholarly debate on European Union (EU) and post-accession compliance, focusing on the competing ‘goodness of fit’ and administrative-legal approaches to explaining variations in compliance with EU rules. It finds that administrative shortcomings of various kinds are a major reason for implementation problems in both countries, and that problems have also stemmed from the multilevel nature of the implementation process, which places a heavy administrative and financial burden on municipalities, and requires cooperation between national and local government authorities. In the Czech case, however, the ‘misfit’ between EU standards and contracting and regulatory practices in the Czech water sector has also undermined UWWTD compliance, through its negative impact on the country's ability to access EU funding.

scholarly journals Survey of human pharmaceuticals in drinking water in the Czech Republic

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frantisek Kozisek ◽  
Ivana Pomykacova ◽  
Hana Jeligova ◽  
Vaclav Cadek ◽  
Veronika Svobodova
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Large Scale Assessment ◽  
Public Water Systems ◽  
Initial Survey

The first large-scale assessment of pharmaceuticals in drinking water in the Czech Republic (CR) focused on the detection of five substances. Samples were collected from public water systems supplying 5.3 million people, 50.5% of the Czech population. In the initial survey of tap water from 92 major supply zones using mostly surface water, no pharmaceutical exceeded the limit of quantification (LOQ = 0.5 ng/L). In a second survey, samples were collected from the outlet of 23 water treatment plants (WTPs) considered of high risk because they use surface waters influenced by wastewater. Ibuprofen was the most frequently found pharmaceutical (19 samples), followed by carbamazepine (12), naproxen (8), and diclofenac (3); concentrations ranged from 0.5 to 20.7 ng/L, with medians below 6 ng/L. Concentrations of 17α-ethinylestradiol were below the LOQ. A follow-up survey included tap and outlet samples from eight of the 23 WTPs with the highest concentrations. Pharmaceuticals were quantified in only three tap water samples. Regarding risks to consumers, these results suggest that a relatively small population (&lt;10%) in the CR is exposed to quantifiable concentrations of pharmaceuticals in tap water and that an extremely high margin of safety (several thousand-fold to several million-fold) is associated with these exposures.

Contamination of drinking water in the Czech Republic by microcystins

2003 ◽  
Vol 158 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludek Bláha ◽  
Blahoslav Maršálek
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
The Czech Republic
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