PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF THE MODERNIZATION OF METAL-CUTTING MACHINES

The method of modernization and analysis of the choice of the electric motor are shown. It has been established that it is expedient to carry out modernization based on a feasibility study in several stages with the development and approval of technical documentation at each stage

The use of a mixture of vegetable powders in the production of bakery products

В последние годы все большее внимание уделяется разработке продукции, обогащенной растительными компонентами. Целью данной работы являлось исследование влияния смесей из порошков растительного происхождения на свойства теста и качество готовых изделий (булочной мелочи). В рецептуру изделий добавляли растительные смеси: № 1 - порошок облепихи, жимолости, мелкоплодных яблок и порошок из жмыха тыквы, № 2 - порошок облепихи и мелкоплодных яблок в количестве 10, 15 и 20 % от массы муки по сухому веществу. Смеси составляли из компонентов, взятых в равных количествах. Сравнительная оценка пищевой ценности смесей показала, что в смеси № 1 выше количество пищевых волокон, кальция и фосфора относительно смеси № 2. В смеси № 2 преобладает количество белков, жиров, органических кислот, калия, натрия, марганца и железа. По содержанию витаминов преимущество на стороне смеси № 2, за исключением витаминов В и В. Установили повышение кислотности теста с внесением растительных смесей, что указывает на интенсификацию процесса брожения. Исследование качества готовых изделий показало, что при соответствии физико-химических показателей требованиям технической документации, при дозировках смесей выше 10 % отмечали значительное потемнение цвета изделий, появление растительного привкуса, а в изделиях с добавлением смеси №1 неприятное послевкусие. Наиболее рациональной для производства хлебобулочных изделий повышенной пищевой ценности для здорового питания признана рецептура с использованием растительной смеси № 2 из порошков облепихи и мелкоплодных яблок в количестве 10 % к массе муки. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the development of products enriched with plant components. The purpose of this work was to study the effect of mixtures of powders of vegetable origin on the properties of dough and the quality of finished products (bakery trifles). Vegetable mixtures were added to the recipe of the products: No. 1 - sea buckthorn powder, honeysuckle, small-fruited apples and pumpkin cake powder; No. 2 - sea buckthorn powder and small-fruited apples, in the amount of 10, 15 and 20 % of the flour weight by dry matter. The mixtures were made up of components taken in equal quantities. A comparative assessment of the nutritional value of the mixtures showed that the amount of dietary fiber, calcium and phosphorus in mixture No. 1 is higher, relative to mixture No. 2. The mixture No. 2 is dominated by the amount of proteins, fats, organic acids, potassium, sodium, manganese and iron. In terms of vitamin content, the advantage is on the side of mixture No. 2, with the exception of vitamins B and B. An increase in the acidity of the dough was established, with the introduction of vegetable mixtures, which indicates an intensification of the fermentation process. The study of the quality of finished products showed that when the physico-chemical parameters meet the requirements of technical documentation, at dosages of mixtures above 10%, a significant darkening of the color of the products, the appearance of a vegetable taste, and in products with the addition of mixture No. 1, an unpleasant aftertaste was noted. The most rational recipe for the production of bakery products of increased nutritional value for a healthy diet is recognized, using a vegetable mixture No. 2 of sea buckthorn powders and small-fruited apples in an amount of 10 % by weight of flour.

Development of a model of selecting cloud software for a road construction organization under interval information

The object of research is the management processes of a road construction organization. The research is based on the principles of systems analysis for structuring design processes; methods of mathematical modeling, fuzzy mathematics, discrete programming, multicriteria assessment and optimization for the selection of cloud software for road construction organizations in terms of interval information. The information system of a road construction organization includes planning, reporting, regulatory and technical documentation that characterizes the state and movement of information in the enterprise. It is important to use systems that speed up the generation, processing and preparation of documents, as well as improve the storage and retrieval of information. The introduction of cloud technologies has become a necessary condition for increasing the mobility, flexibility and efficiency of the management system of a road construction organization. Formalized processes of information collection and internal distribution can better predict the dynamics of market trends and act more quickly, make decisions confidently and reasonably. In the final stages of selection for assessment, it is convenient to apply the criteria in conditions of interval uncertainty. The study was aimed at improving the efficiency of transport management by developing a model for choosing the cloud software of a road construction organization in terms of interval information. The following criteria of partial optimization were used in the developed model: maximum speed of execution of functions by cloud software; minimum cloud software requirements for internet connection speed; minimum cost of cloud software. The scope of permissible solutions is determined by restrictions: – execution of all functions must be provided by cloud software; – the minimum speed of execution of functions by the cloud software should be not lower than set; – cloud software requirements for Internet connection speed should not exceed the specified; – the cost of cloud software should be no more than specified. The developed model will reduce the cost of purchasing cloud software and increase the efficiency of transport management of a road construction organization.

You Don’t Need Labeled Data for Open-Book Question Answering

Open-book question answering is a subset of question answering (QA) tasks where the system aims to find answers in a given set of documents (open-book) and common knowledge about a topic. This article proposes a solution for answering natural language questions from a corpus of Amazon Web Services (AWS) technical documents with no domain-specific labeled data (zero-shot). These questions have a yes–no–none answer and a text answer which can be short (a few words) or long (a few sentences). We present a two-step, retriever–extractor architecture in which a retriever finds the right documents and an extractor finds the answers in the retrieved documents. To test our solution, we are introducing a new dataset for open-book QA based on real customer questions on AWS technical documentation. In this paper, we conducted experiments on several information retrieval systems and extractive language models, attempting to find the yes–no–none answers and text answers in the same pass. Our custom-built extractor model is created from a pretrained language model and fine-tuned on the the Stanford Question Answering Dataset—SQuAD and Natural Questions datasets. We were able to achieve 42% F1 and 39% exact match score (EM) end-to-end with no domain-specific training.

Operational reliability of suspended facade structures with variable thickness of the cladding layer

The article presents the results of laboratory tests of experimental samples for mechanical safety, aimed at obtaining data pertaining to the performance of protective and decorative brick facade structures on metal substructures. The designs of the samples are atypical, with a different arrangement of bricks in the face layer and with ledges evenly distributed over the surface of the sample. Based on the test results, structure behavior under load, the absolute values of the displacement of the cladding layer, and the values of the bond strength between bricks and mortar were established. During the tests, the displacement of the protective and decorative structure in the direction of the applied load and the values of the forces, corresponding to the strength limit, were recorded.The article addresses the issue of the lack of rules for the design and testing of suspended facade systems made of bricks on metal substructures in the regulatory and technical documentation of the Russian Federation.

EDUCOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF ACTUALITING OF REGULATORY DOCUMENTATION IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

The main competencies of specialists in the field of knowledge 13 Mechanical engineering appertain the ability to draw up technical documentation, which includes both the design of text documents and drawings of parts, units, assemblies. Over the last decade, there has been a significant update of the standards of both the Unified System of Design Documentation and the Unified System of Technological Documentation. Suitable, according to the principle of education, to ensure the quality of the educational process, the task of implementations modern regulations into the educational process and providing students with practical skills in the design of educational documentation, which is as approximate as possible to the technical future practice. The purpose of the work is to develop proposals for the implementations of relevant regulations in the regulatory and methodological documentation of the educational process to ensure that higher education students acquire practical skills in applying this knowledge in the design of educational documentation with the closest possible approximation to real technical documentation. From the analysis of the requirements of the acting standards that make up the system of design and technological documentation, it follows that their requirements are quite diverse and allow some flexibility of choice, depending on the needs of developers or consumers. Corresponding, according to the provisions of education, the current methodological and regulatory documentation of higher education institutions should provide information to students about the existing system of standards for technical documentation and their practical skills in applying such knowledge. Based on the standards of the Unified System of Technological Documentation and DSTU EN ISO 7200: 2005, proposals have been developed for the design of educational documentation by students of mechanical engineering specialties according to educational and professional programs. The proposals concern the determine of the institution of higher education as the owner of the document, the numbering of documents of the educational process, the designation of sections of the document, page numbering, design of the main inscription of drawings and the title page of text documents. In particular, a numbering system has been developed, which allows to mark the whole set of documents of the educational process of a particular applicant, individual documents by type, separate sections of text documents and drawings. A single form of the main inscription has been developed, which can be used both for text documents and for drawings. The proposed innovations relate mainly to the specialties of mechanical engineering for educational and professional programs. But they can be used, in whole or in part, for other specialties and fields of knowledge.

GEL FORMATION IN THE KAOLIN SYSTEM - SODIUM ALGINATE - CALCIUM SULFATE - SODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE

Представлены результаты исследований изменений происходящих при формировании наполненных альгинатных гелей при внутреннем диффузионном гелеобразовании. Исследование проводилось для систем, состоящих из каолина и альгината натрия с системой отверждения из сульфата кальция и пирофосфата натрия. Установлено, что применение реологических методов исследования позволяют получать данные о показателях качества альгинатных гелей и их составе, и механизме гелеобразования. Установлено, что для системы каолин – альгинат натрия – сульфат кальция – пирофосфат натрия при формировании альгинатного геля целесообразно использовать сульфат кальция с массовой долей от 5 до 6,5, а пирофосфат натрия с массовой долей от 1,5 до 3 % при гидромодуле 1 к 3 и температуре воды 20 °С.Эти данные можно использовать при разработке рецептуры альгинатных масок и подготовки нормативной технической документации. The results of studies of changes occurring during the formation of filled alginate gels during internal diffusion gelation are presented. The study was carried out for systems consisting of kaolin and sodium alginate with a curing system of calcium sulfate and sodium pyrophosphate. It has been established that the use of rheological research methods makes it possible to obtain data on the quality indicators of alginate gels and their composition, and the mechanism of gelation. It was found that for the system kaolin-sodium alginate-calcium sulfate-sodium pyrophosphate when forming an alginate gel, it is advisable to use calcium sulfate with a mass fraction of 5 to 6.5, and sodium pyrophosphate with a mass fraction of 1.5 to 3% at a hydromodule 1 to 3 and a water temperature of 20 °C. This data can be used in the development of the formulation of alginate masks and the preparation of regulatory technical documentation.

Surveying Tasks Solution Automation in the Framework of Mining and Geological Information System Creation at PJSC "Uralkali"

The results of work on the automation of the solution of engineering problems facing the specialists of mine surveying services of the mines of PJSC "Uralkali" are presented. The developed software modules are fully integrated into the corporate mining and geological information system of PJSC "Uralkali" and are grouped into specialized software systems - automated workstations. These complexes are installed at the workplaces of various mining specialists, from the heads of technical departments to employees of departments at mines. In total, 21 software systems were developed, of which three workstations were created for the specialists of the company's mine surveying service. For the mine surveying departments at the mines, an automated workstation "Local mine surveyor" was developed and put into commercial operation, for the department of capital surveying and geodetic works - an automated workstation "Capital mine surveying", for employees of the department of the chief mine surveyor of PJSC "Uralkali" - an automated workstation "Chief surveyor". The software modules that are part of the automated workstations of the specialists of the mine surveying service allow in an automated mode to solve a wide range of engineering problems, due to the requirements of the current regulatory documents. Among them, one can single out such tasks as: processing the results of instrumental survey of underground and surface objects and, on its basis, replenishment of mining and graphic documentation in digital form (2D and 3D); mining planning and design; preparation, editing and printing of standard technical documentation (payroll, tables, reports and graphics); solving issues of safe mining; analysis of the implementation of planned and design indicators of the mining enterprise, etc.