The integration of constructed wetlands into a treatment system for airport runoff

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 469-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M. Revitt ◽  
P. Worrall ◽  
D. Brewer
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Effluent Water ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Scale Surface ◽  
Surface Flow Constructed Wetlands

A new surface runoff treatment system has been designed for London Heathrow Airport, which incorporates separate floating constructed wetlands or reedbeds and sub-surface flow constructed wetlands as major pollutant removal systems. The primary requirement of the newly developed treatment system is to control the concentrations of glycols following their use as de-icers and anti-icers within the airport. The ability of reedbeds to contribute to this treatment role was fully tested through pilot scale, on-site experiments over a 2 year period. The average reductions in runoff BOD concentrations achieved by pilot scale surface flow and sub-surface flow reedbeds were 30.9% and 32.9%, respectively. The corresponding average glycol removal efficiencies were 54.2% and 78.3%, following shock dosing inputs. These treatment performances are used to predict the required full scale constructed wetland surface areas needed to attain the desired effluent water quality. The treatment system also incorporates aeration, storage and, combined with reedbed technology, has been designed to reduce a mixed inlet BOD concentration of 240 mg/l to less than 40 mg/l for water temperatures varying between 6°C and 20°C.

A pollutant removal prediction tool for stormwater derived diffuse pollution

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 1257-1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Michael Revitt ◽  
Lian Scholes ◽  
J. Bryan Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Urban Runoff ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Prediction Tool ◽  
Porous Asphalt ◽  
Surface Flow Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Pollutant Removal Efficiency

This report describes the development of a methodology to theoretically assess the effectiveness of structural BMPs with regard to their treatment of selected stormwater pollutants (metals, polyaromatic hydrocarbons and herbicides). The result is a prioritisation, in terms of pollutant removal efficiency, of 15 different BMPs which can inform stormwater managers and other stakeholders of the best available options for the treatment of urban runoff pollutants of particular environmental concern. Regardless of the selected pollutant, infiltration basins and sub-surface flow constructed wetlands are predicted to perform most efficiently with lagoons, porous asphalt and sedimentation tanks being the least effective systems for the removal of pollutants. The limitations of the approach in terms of the variabilities in BMP designs and applications are considered.

scholarly journals Myriophyllum aquaticum-Based Surface Flow Constructed Wetlands for Enhanced Eutrophic Nutrient Removal—A Case Study from Laboratory-Scale up to Pilot-Scale Constructed Wetland

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1391
Author(s):  
Shugeng Feng ◽  
Shengjun Xu ◽  
Xupo Zhang ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Xiaona Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Myriophyllum Aquaticum ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Scale Surface

Water pollution caused by various eutrophic nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), such as outbreaks of eutrophication in rivers and lakes, has become a serious environmental problem in China. Such problems have spurred extensive studies aiming at finding environmentally friendly solutions. Various constructed wetlands (CWs), planted with different macrophytes, have been considered as environmentally safe technologies to treat various wastewaters for several decades. Due to their low energy and operational requirements, CWs are promising alternative solutions to water eutrophication problems. Within the CWs, macrophytes, sediments, and the microbial community are indispensable constituents of such an ecosystem. In this study, a laboratory-scale surface flow CW (LSCW) was constructed to investigate the effects of two different plants, Eichhornia (E.) crassipes (Mart.) Solms and Myriophyllum (M.) aquaticum, on the removal of eutrophic N and P. The results showed that both plants could significantly reduce these nutrients, especially ammonium (NH4+), and LSCW planted with M. aquaticum performed better (82.1% NH4+ removal) than that with E. crassipes (66.4% NH4+ removal). A Monod model with a plug flow pattern was used to simulate the relationship of influent and effluent concentrations with the kinetic parameters of this LSCW. Based on the model, a pilot-scale surface flow CW (PSCW) was designed, aiming to further enhance N and P removal. The treatment with M. aquaticum and polyethylene materials showed the best removal efficiency on NH4+ as well as on total nitrogen and phosphorus. In general, the enlarged PSCW can be a promising solution to the eutrophication problems occurring in aquatic environments.

scholarly journals Influent salinity affects substrate selection in surface flow constructed wetlands

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shenyan Zhou ◽  
Ran Zhao ◽  
Qiming Li ◽  
Juan Du ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Substrate Selection ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Rhizosphere Bacterial Community ◽  
Surface Flow Constructed Wetlands

Abstract Conducted in pilot-scale surface flow constructed wetlands (SFCWs), this study’s objective is to identify the effect of influent salinity on substrate selection. Compared with gravel and sand SFCWs, soil SFCWs performed similarly to worse and similarly to better at low and high salinities, respectively, in removal efficiencies (REs) of salt, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorous (TP) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Soil generally increased macrophyte growth (especially at high salinity) in dry biomass, leaf chlorophyll concentration, root activity and root catalase and superoxide dismutase activities. The decrease of bacterial diversity in rhizosphere may be caused by high salinity, while soil improved rhizosphere bacterial community stability at varying salinities more than gravel or sand. At high salinity, soil support of macrophytes and rhizosphere microorganism increased pollutant REs in SFCWs or at least offset relatively poor biofilm attachment to soil. This highlights the necessity of the varying substrate selection in SFCWs with influent salinities for both increasing pollutant REs and reducing input cost.

Performance of a Constructed Wetland Leachate Treatment System at the Chunchula Landfill, Mobile County, Alabama

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig D. Martin ◽  
Keith D. Johnson ◽  
Gerald A. Moshiri
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Contaminated Groundwater ◽  
Effluent Water ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Extreme Variability ◽  
Treatment And Disposal ◽  
Surface Flow Constructed Wetlands

Leachate poses a number of environmental problems. This is due primarily to the extreme variability of sources of this material, and, therefore, the heterogeneity of its composition. Operating and closed landfills generate leachate whose quality and quantity depend on how the landfill was constructed, operated and ultimately closed. Currently, a number of options exist for the containment and treatment of this type of wastewater. The methodology presented here utilizes surface-flow constructed wetlands for treatment and disposal of leachate and leachate-contaminated groundwater at the Chunchula, Alabama closed landfill. The final goal was to provide effluent water quality standards to conform to Federal National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) guidelines.

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