Polyhydroxyalkanoate form and polyphosphate regulation: keys to biological phosphorus and glycogen transformations?

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Randall ◽  
Y. Chen ◽  
Y.-H. Liu ◽  
T. McCue
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
P Release ◽  
P Transformations ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
P Removal

Experimental studies with both synthetic and real domestic wastewater showed that poly-3-hydroxy-butyrate (3HB) and poly-3-hydroxy-valerate (3HV) formed in direct proportion to the acetate/propionate (Ace/Pro) ratio of the influent wastewater during Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal (EBPR). Acetic acid resulted in higher anaerobic phosphorus (P) release, polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) yield, 3HB content, and glycogen (CH) degradation. Linear regression showed that anaerobic P release (Prel) and CH degradation (CHdeg) were both a function of Ace→3HB, but not of Pro→3HV. Aerobic P uptake (Pup) correlated best with preceding Prel rather than PHA (but note Prel correlated with Ace→3HB). Aerobic CH formation (CHform) correlated best with CHdeg and 3HB. The results imply the acetate/propionate content of influent has a major influence on PHA, CH, and P transformations. Short-term increases in acetic or propionic acid increased Prel, but were always offset by corresponding changes in Pup to yield the same net P removal as the control reactor. Thus net P removal, and EBPR process performance, was probably a function of the population selected (i.e. XPAO fraction) during long-term cultivation.

Phosphorus release and uptake during start-up of a covered and non-aerated sequencing batch reactor with separate feeding of VFA and sulfate

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 840-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Wu ◽  
T. Hao ◽  
H. Lu ◽  
H. K. Chui ◽  
M. C. M. van Loosdrecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Sulfur Cycle ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
P Release ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
P Removal

This study explored a sulfur cycle-associated biological phosphorus (P) removal process in a covered and non-aerated sequencing batch reactor (SBR) fed with volatile fatty acid (VFA) and sulfate separately. During the 60-day start-up, both phosphate release and uptake rates increased, while poly-phosphate cyclically increased and decreased accordingly. The P-release and P-uptake rates were associated with VFA uptake and sulfate reduction. The average ratio of potassium to phosphate during the P-uptake and P-release was also determined to be 0.29–0.31 mol K/mol P, which is close to a reported value (0.33) for biological phosphorus removal. All this evidence confirmed there was biological P removal in this reactor, in which metabolism could be different from conventional biological P removal.

Combined denitrification and excess biological phosphorus removal in discontinuous operated biofilm systems

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 193-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Brandt ◽  
C. Sieker ◽  
W. Hegemann
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Organic Substrate ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
P Release ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Immobilized Biomass ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
P Removal

The sorption-denitrification-P-removal (S-DN-P) process combines biological excess P-removal (BEPR) and denitrification using immobilized biomass. The accumulation of denitrifying polyP organisms is achieved by sequencing anaerobic/anoxic conditions. The immobilized biomass is in alternating contact with primary treated wastewater (anaerobic sorption-phase) and nitrified wastewater (denitrification phase). In the sorption phase, P-release takes place and readily biodegradable organic substrate, e.g. volatile fatty acid, is taken up and stored by polyP accumulating organisms (PAO). In addition to this, other organic matter is physically/chemically adsorbed in the biofilm structures. In the denitrification phase, the biomass denitrifies the stored and adsorbed organic substrate and, at the same time, P-uptake and polyP formation occurs. This paper presents results of investigations at laboratory and half-technical scale. At laboratory scale different types of carriers were tested regarding their suitability for the S-DN-P-process. In half-technical scale a biofilter and a moving bed reactor (MBR) were tested. In the biofilter a stable removal of nitrate and phosphate was achieved. However, it was not possible to achieve similar results in the MBR process. Especially the release and uptake of phosphate showed no clear tendency although the uptake of acetate was good. Reasons for this could be the accumulation of glycogen accumulating organisms which impair the metabolism of PAO.

Effect of continuous addition of an organic substrate to the anoxic phase on biological phosphorus removal

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Meinhold ◽  
H. Pedersen ◽  
E. Arnold ◽  
S. Isaacs ◽  
M. Henze
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Phosphate Uptake ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Organic Substrate ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
P Release ◽  
Influence Of Substrate ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
P Removal

The continuous introduction of a biological phosphorus removal (BPR) promoting organic substrate to the denitrifying reactor of a BPR process is examined through a series of batch experiments using acetate as model organic substrate. Several observations are made regarding the influence of substrate availability on PHA storage/utilization and phosphate uptake/release. Under anoxic conditions PHB is utilized and phosphate is taken up, indicating that at least a fraction of the PAO can denitrify. The rates of anoxic P-uptake, PHB utilization and denitrification are found to increase with increasing initial PHB level. At low acetate addition rates the P-uptake and PHB utilization rates are reduced compared to when no acetate is available. At higher acetate addition rates a net P-release occurs and PHB is accumulated. For certain intermediate acetate addition rates the PHB level can increase while a net P-release occurs. Whether the introduction of BPR promoting organic substrates to the denitrifying reactor is detrimental to overall P-removal appears to be dependent on the interaction between aerobic P-uptake, which is a function of PHB level, and the aerobic residence time.

Full Scale Investigations on Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal – P-Release in the Anaerobic Reactor

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 153-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Wedi ◽  
P. A. Wilderer
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Anaerobic Reactor ◽  
P Release ◽  
Acinetobacter Sp ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
P Removal

Most of the fundamental processes responsible for enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) were obtained through laboratory tests under defined conditions with pure or enriched cultures. Acinetobacter sp. was identified as the most important group of bacteria responsible for bio-P removal. Full scale data showed, however, that laboratory results do not match full scale results well enough. There is a lack of data on the effects of sub-optimal process conditions such as inadequate availability of volatile fatty acids (VFA), high nitrate recycle, storm water inflow or low temperatures. In this paper the results of full scale experiments on P-release are presented and compared with theoretical values. Measurements at a full scale Phoredox-system showed a surprisingly low P-release in the anaerobic reactor. Only 4 to 10% of the phosphorus in the activated sludge was released in the bulk liquid. With laboratory batch-tests, a maximum of 20% of the P in the sludge could be released. It is assumed that under the prevailing process conditions either the fraction of Acinetobacter sp. was very small, or bacteria other than Acinetobacter sp. were responsible for the P-removal, or most of the phosphorus was bound chemically but mediated by biological processes.

Uncertainty and variability in enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) stoichiometry: consequences for process modelling and optimization

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 1793-1800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwight Houweling ◽  
Yves Comeau ◽  
Imre Takács ◽  
Peter Dold
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Feed Composition ◽  
P Limitation ◽  
Polyphosphate Accumulating Organisms ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
P Removal

The overall potential for enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) in the activated sludge process is constrained by the availability of volatile fatty acids (VFAs). The efficiency with which polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) use these VFAs for P-removal, however, is determined by the stoichiometric ratios governing their anaerobic and aerobic metabolism. While changes in anaerobic stoichiometry due to environmental conditions do affect EBPR performance to a certain degree, model-based analyses indicate that variability in aerobic stoichiometry has the greatest impact. Long-term deterioration in EBPR performance in an experimental SBR system undergoing P-limitation can be predicted as the consequence of competition between PAOs and GAOs. However, the observed rapid decrease in P-release after the change in feed composition is not consistent with a gradual shift in population.

Membrane bioreactor configurations for enhanced biological phosphorus removal

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 237-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Adam ◽  
M. Kraume ◽  
R. Gnirss ◽  
B. Lesjean
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
N Removal ◽  
P Content ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
P Removal

A membrane bioreactor (MBR) bench-scale plant (210 L) was operated under two different enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) configurations, characterised by pre- and postdenitrification mode. Both configurations were operated at 15 d SRT in parallel to a conventional WWTP and fed with degritted raw water. Effluent PT-concentrations were very stable and low between 0.05-0.15 mg/L for both configurations at sludge P-contents of 2-3%P/TS. In contrast to aerobic P-uptake with postdenitrification anoxic P-uptake clearly dominated in the pre-denitrification configuration. N-removal was surprisingly high with up to 96% in the post-denitrification system without resorting to any carbon addition. During P-spiking (influent: -­40 mgP/L) the P-content increased up to 6-7.5%P/TS. However, a significant amount of P-removal was due to adsorption and precipitation.

Study on the Characteristics of Biological Phosphorus Removal Sludge in Different Operation Mode of Reactor

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 860-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Ni Xiao ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Li Na Zheng ◽  
Luo Wang ◽  
Hai Feng Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operation Mode ◽  
Aerobic Condition ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
P Granules ◽  
Release Capacity ◽  
P Content ◽  
Fish Detection ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
P Removal

The characteristics of the P removal sludge were studied in 3 different operation modes (AO, AOA and A2O mode) of the sequencing batch membrane reactor (SBMBRs). The results showed that the sludge P content was positively correlated with the P removal ability. The relative P content of the saturated P uptake sludge was 30.6%, 36.7% and 42.9%, respectively in the 3 modes. PHB was synthesized in anaerobic activated sludge and the polyp-P granules were decreased. The opposite trend appeared in aerobic condition. The amount of PHB change in anaerobic stage was proportional to the P release capacity. The FISH detection showed that the more proportion of PAOs to the whole cell the more P removal ability in the system.

Biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal with biological aerated filter using denitrifying phosphorus accumulating organism

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 569-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lee ◽  
J. Kim ◽  
C. Lee ◽  
Z. Yun ◽  
E. Choi
Keyword(s):  
P Uptake ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Biological Aerated Filter ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Suspended Growth ◽  
Oxic Zone ◽  
Aerated Filter ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
P Removal

In order to accomplish the biological nutrient removal with a weak sewage at low temperature, a hybrid process consisted of anoxic denitrifying phosphorus accumulating organism (dPAO) and nitrifying biological aerated filter (BAF) was studied in both lab and field pilot plants with weak sewage. The biofilm BAF was used as a post-nitrification process that provided sufficient nitrate to suspended growth dPAO. The anoxic/BAF configuration could remove nitrogen and phosphorus appreciably compared to other BNR systems. The enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) was mainly occurred in anoxic zone of suspended growth reactor. It has been found that P removal efficiency of dPAO was enhanced with an addition of a short oxic zone in suspended reactors compared to that of without oxic zone. However, the degree of aerobic P uptake in oxic zone was far lower than anoxic P uptake. The operating results of field plant indicated that dPAO/BAF configuration successfully reduced the adverse temperature effects at lower than 15°C.

Microbial storage products, biomass density, and settling properties of enhanced biological phosphorus removal activated sludge

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Schuler ◽  
D. Jenkins ◽  
P. Ronen
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biomass Density ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
Storage Products ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

The relationships between bacterial storage products, density, and settling characteristics were determined in a laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) system. Both long-term and single anaerobic-aerobic cycle variations in these properties were studied. Increased polyphosphate (PP) content of the biomass during long-term operation resulted in improved sludge volume index (SVI) values. End-aerobic phase (after phosphate (P) uptake) values were consistently lower than end-anaerobic phase (after P release) values. Neither filamentous nor slime bulking were evident by microscopic observations. Biomass density increased at a rate of 1.2 mg/L per each 1% increase in biomass P content. End-aerobic phase samples had an average 25% higher buoyant density than end-anaerobic phase samples, which was attributed to aerobic P uptake. Biomass density was negatively correlated with SVI values, and SVI values increased sharply at low biomass density. A mathematical model developed by Mas et al. (1985) was modified to predict total cell density based on literature values of PP, glycogen (GLY), and poly-b-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) densities. Model predictions were in good agreement with experimental results, although improved measurement of PP density is required to improve model predictions.

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