Effect of continuous addition of an organic substrate to the anoxic phase on biological phosphorus removal

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Meinhold ◽  
H. Pedersen ◽  
E. Arnold ◽  
S. Isaacs ◽  
M. Henze
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Phosphate Uptake ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Organic Substrate ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
P Release ◽  
Influence Of Substrate ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
P Removal

The continuous introduction of a biological phosphorus removal (BPR) promoting organic substrate to the denitrifying reactor of a BPR process is examined through a series of batch experiments using acetate as model organic substrate. Several observations are made regarding the influence of substrate availability on PHA storage/utilization and phosphate uptake/release. Under anoxic conditions PHB is utilized and phosphate is taken up, indicating that at least a fraction of the PAO can denitrify. The rates of anoxic P-uptake, PHB utilization and denitrification are found to increase with increasing initial PHB level. At low acetate addition rates the P-uptake and PHB utilization rates are reduced compared to when no acetate is available. At higher acetate addition rates a net P-release occurs and PHB is accumulated. For certain intermediate acetate addition rates the PHB level can increase while a net P-release occurs. Whether the introduction of BPR promoting organic substrates to the denitrifying reactor is detrimental to overall P-removal appears to be dependent on the interaction between aerobic P-uptake, which is a function of PHB level, and the aerobic residence time.

Combined denitrification and excess biological phosphorus removal in discontinuous operated biofilm systems

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 193-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Brandt ◽  
C. Sieker ◽  
W. Hegemann
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Organic Substrate ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
P Release ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Immobilized Biomass ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
P Removal

The sorption-denitrification-P-removal (S-DN-P) process combines biological excess P-removal (BEPR) and denitrification using immobilized biomass. The accumulation of denitrifying polyP organisms is achieved by sequencing anaerobic/anoxic conditions. The immobilized biomass is in alternating contact with primary treated wastewater (anaerobic sorption-phase) and nitrified wastewater (denitrification phase). In the sorption phase, P-release takes place and readily biodegradable organic substrate, e.g. volatile fatty acid, is taken up and stored by polyP accumulating organisms (PAO). In addition to this, other organic matter is physically/chemically adsorbed in the biofilm structures. In the denitrification phase, the biomass denitrifies the stored and adsorbed organic substrate and, at the same time, P-uptake and polyP formation occurs. This paper presents results of investigations at laboratory and half-technical scale. At laboratory scale different types of carriers were tested regarding their suitability for the S-DN-P-process. In half-technical scale a biofilter and a moving bed reactor (MBR) were tested. In the biofilter a stable removal of nitrate and phosphate was achieved. However, it was not possible to achieve similar results in the MBR process. Especially the release and uptake of phosphate showed no clear tendency although the uptake of acetate was good. Reasons for this could be the accumulation of glycogen accumulating organisms which impair the metabolism of PAO.

Full Scale Investigations on Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal – P-Release in the Anaerobic Reactor

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 153-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Wedi ◽  
P. A. Wilderer
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Anaerobic Reactor ◽  
P Release ◽  
Acinetobacter Sp ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
P Removal

Most of the fundamental processes responsible for enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) were obtained through laboratory tests under defined conditions with pure or enriched cultures. Acinetobacter sp. was identified as the most important group of bacteria responsible for bio-P removal. Full scale data showed, however, that laboratory results do not match full scale results well enough. There is a lack of data on the effects of sub-optimal process conditions such as inadequate availability of volatile fatty acids (VFA), high nitrate recycle, storm water inflow or low temperatures. In this paper the results of full scale experiments on P-release are presented and compared with theoretical values. Measurements at a full scale Phoredox-system showed a surprisingly low P-release in the anaerobic reactor. Only 4 to 10% of the phosphorus in the activated sludge was released in the bulk liquid. With laboratory batch-tests, a maximum of 20% of the P in the sludge could be released. It is assumed that under the prevailing process conditions either the fraction of Acinetobacter sp. was very small, or bacteria other than Acinetobacter sp. were responsible for the P-removal, or most of the phosphorus was bound chemically but mediated by biological processes.

Optimising the A/O cycle for phosphorus removal in a submerged biofilter under continuous feed

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 503-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.F. Gonçalves ◽  
F. Rogalla
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Organic Substrate ◽  
P Element ◽  
Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
P Release ◽  
Continuous Feed ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
Total P ◽  
Selection Of

This work describes laboratory scale research about Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal (EBPR) in a submerged biofilter under Anaerobic/Oxic (A/O) alternation and continuous feed. Its main purpose is to detail the behaviour of the reactor throughout the anaerobic and the aerobic phases of the A/O cycle, to study the importance of the anaerobic phase in the selection of the EBPR bacteria in the biofilm and to evaluate the consumption and the importance of the organic substrate during the anaerobic phase. The mass balance over the Phosphorus (P) element indicates that long anaerobic phases (6 h) are more efficient than short ones (3 h) as a selector of EBPR bacteria in biofilms. In both comparisons, thespecific mass of P released in a 6 h period represents almost 50% more than the amount of P release in the shorter period (3 h). However, the presence of rapidly biodegradable COD in the influent of the anaerobic phase is a more effective selector, more important than the duration of the anaerobic phase: by doubling the amount of acetic acid in the influent, a similar 50% increase of P-release can be achieved at short anaerobic periods of 3 h. The effect of the strategy adopted in this study, focusing on selecting EBPR bacteria in biofilm, is shown by the P levels of 4% (total P/SST) in the sludge removed from the BF by backwashing in all periods.

Phosphorus release and uptake during start-up of a covered and non-aerated sequencing batch reactor with separate feeding of VFA and sulfate

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 840-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Wu ◽  
T. Hao ◽  
H. Lu ◽  
H. K. Chui ◽  
M. C. M. van Loosdrecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Sulfur Cycle ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
P Release ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
P Removal

This study explored a sulfur cycle-associated biological phosphorus (P) removal process in a covered and non-aerated sequencing batch reactor (SBR) fed with volatile fatty acid (VFA) and sulfate separately. During the 60-day start-up, both phosphate release and uptake rates increased, while poly-phosphate cyclically increased and decreased accordingly. The P-release and P-uptake rates were associated with VFA uptake and sulfate reduction. The average ratio of potassium to phosphate during the P-uptake and P-release was also determined to be 0.29–0.31 mol K/mol P, which is close to a reported value (0.33) for biological phosphorus removal. All this evidence confirmed there was biological P removal in this reactor, in which metabolism could be different from conventional biological P removal.

Membrane bioreactor configurations for enhanced biological phosphorus removal

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 237-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Adam ◽  
M. Kraume ◽  
R. Gnirss ◽  
B. Lesjean
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
N Removal ◽  
P Content ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
P Removal

A membrane bioreactor (MBR) bench-scale plant (210 L) was operated under two different enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) configurations, characterised by pre- and postdenitrification mode. Both configurations were operated at 15 d SRT in parallel to a conventional WWTP and fed with degritted raw water. Effluent PT-concentrations were very stable and low between 0.05-0.15 mg/L for both configurations at sludge P-contents of 2-3%P/TS. In contrast to aerobic P-uptake with postdenitrification anoxic P-uptake clearly dominated in the pre-denitrification configuration. N-removal was surprisingly high with up to 96% in the post-denitrification system without resorting to any carbon addition. During P-spiking (influent: -­40 mgP/L) the P-content increased up to 6-7.5%P/TS. However, a significant amount of P-removal was due to adsorption and precipitation.

Enhanced biological phosphorus removal in membrane bioreactors

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Adam ◽  
R. Gnirss ◽  
B. Lesjean ◽  
H. Buisson ◽  
M. Kraume
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Membrane Bioreactors ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Bench Scale ◽  
Plant P Uptake ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
P Removal

Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (Bio-P) in a membrane bioreactor (MBR) promises several advantages but was never attempted as not compatible with high sludge ages. This article includes description and results of bench-scale investigations on Bio-P removal in an MBR. An MBR bench-scale plant (210 L) was operated in parallel to a conventional WWTP under comparable process conditions. The results show that Bio-P removal is possible in MBR. The effluent qualities of the plants were comparable. The effluent P-concentration was always lower than 0.2 mg PT/L. In the MBR bench-scale plant P-uptake occurred mainly in the anoxic zone. Investigations with P-spiking showed higher Bio-P potential as P-removal increased up to 20-25 mg/L while P/TS rose up to >6%.

Polyhydroxyalkanoate form and polyphosphate regulation: keys to biological phosphorus and glycogen transformations?

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Randall ◽  
Y. Chen ◽  
Y.-H. Liu ◽  
T. McCue
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
P Release ◽  
P Transformations ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
P Removal

Experimental studies with both synthetic and real domestic wastewater showed that poly-3-hydroxy-butyrate (3HB) and poly-3-hydroxy-valerate (3HV) formed in direct proportion to the acetate/propionate (Ace/Pro) ratio of the influent wastewater during Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal (EBPR). Acetic acid resulted in higher anaerobic phosphorus (P) release, polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) yield, 3HB content, and glycogen (CH) degradation. Linear regression showed that anaerobic P release (Prel) and CH degradation (CHdeg) were both a function of Ace→3HB, but not of Pro→3HV. Aerobic P uptake (Pup) correlated best with preceding Prel rather than PHA (but note Prel correlated with Ace→3HB). Aerobic CH formation (CHform) correlated best with CHdeg and 3HB. The results imply the acetate/propionate content of influent has a major influence on PHA, CH, and P transformations. Short-term increases in acetic or propionic acid increased Prel, but were always offset by corresponding changes in Pup to yield the same net P removal as the control reactor. Thus net P removal, and EBPR process performance, was probably a function of the population selected (i.e. XPAO fraction) during long-term cultivation.

Effect of Intracellular Carbon Resource on Competition between PAOs and GAOs for Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 1007-1010
Author(s):  
Xiao Rong Kang ◽  
Ya Li Liu
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
Uptake Process ◽  
Carbon Resource ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
P Removal

Batch tests were conducted to study the effect of internal carbon resource on the competition between phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs) and glycogen accumulating organism (GAOs) for simultaneous N and P removal. The result showed that the average P removal rate of PAOs was above 98.5%. Both PAOs and GAOs enriched sludge released P effectively on the anaerobic phase, and about 20 mg/L P was released. In the anoxic-P uptake process, 2.24 mmol/g-MLVSS and 2.44 mmol/g-MLVSS of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) were consumed by PAOs enriched sludge and GAOs enriched sludge, respectively. Simultaneously, the glycogen concentration of GAOs enriched sludge was higher than that of PAOs enriched sludge during the anoxic process, on the contrast, more glycogen was synthesized in PAOs enriched sludge than GAOs enriched sludge, and 0.95 mmol/g-MLVSS glycogen was synthesized in PAOs enriched sludge.

Enhanced biological phosphorus removal process implemented in membrane bioreactors to improve phosphorous recovery and recycling

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Lesjean ◽  
R. Gnirss ◽  
C. Adam ◽  
M. Kraume ◽  
F. Luck
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
P Limitation ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
P Content ◽  
On Line ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
P Removal

The enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process was adapted to membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology. One bench-scale plant (BSP, 200-250 L) and two pilot plants (PPs, 1,000-3,000 L each) were operated under several configurations, including pre-denitrification and post-denitrification without addition of carbon source, and two solid retention times (SRT) of 15 and 26 d. The trials showed that efficient Bio-P removal can be achieved with MBR systems, in both pre- and post-denitrification configurations. EBPR dynamics could be clearly demonstrated through batch-tests, on-line measurements, profile analyses, P-spiking trials, and mass balances. High P-removal performances were achieved even with high SRT of 26 d, as around 9 mgP/L could be reliably removed. After stabilisation, the sludge exhibited phosphorus contents of around 2.4%TS. When spiked with phosphorus (no P-limitation), P-content could increase up to 6%TS. The sludge is therefore well suited to agricultural reuse with important fertilising values. Theoretical calculations showed that increased sludge age should result in a greater P-content. This could not be clearly demonstrated by the trials. This effect should be all the more significant as the influent is low in suspended solids.

An enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) control strategy for sequencing batch reactors (SBRs)

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Y. Dassanayake ◽  
R. L. Irvine
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Past Research ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Aeration Time ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

A control strategy was developed for enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) in a Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR). Unlike past research that focused on maximizing polyhdroxyalkanoate (PHA) formation during the anaerobic period, this study investigated some of the factors that govern aerobic PHA dynamics and its efficient regulation during phosphate (P) uptake. Influent COD, influent P, and the time for aeration were critical factors that governed PHA use and P uptake during aerated react. Unnecessary PHA oxidation (i.e., in the absence of extracellular P) occurred if the time for aerated react exceeded the time required for P uptake. By adjusting the aeration time to that required for P uptake, residual PHA was sustained in the SBR and excess phosphate uptake reaction potential (PRP) was generated for use during transient influent excursions in P. Unlike space oriented systems, the time for react is simply adjusted in the SBR. Because residual PHA is easily maintained once achieved, high influent COD events can be harnessed to increase or sustain excess PRP for management of expected variations in influent P.

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