A novel method for evaluating bioavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments of an urban stream

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Nakajima ◽  
A. Baun ◽  
A. Ledin ◽  
P.S. Mikkelsen
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Urban Stream ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Wet Weather ◽  
Hydrophobic Organic Pollutants

Hydrophobic organic pollutants in urban wet weather discharges can accumulate in the sediments of receiving waters and may have adverse effects on the ecological system, especially on benthic organisms. Here, a novel method is developed for evaluating the bioavailability of such hydrophobic organic pollutants by considering the digestive guts in deposit-feeding polychaetes. We compared the amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) extracted by an organic solvent and by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solution (as a hypothetical digestive gut fluid of polychaetes) and interpreted the ratio of the two values as bioavailability. The sediment extracts were applied to bacterial acute toxicity tests and algal growth inhibition tests. Sediment samples were collected from an urban stream system receiving wet weather discharges. The bioavailability of the total amount of 12 PAHs in the sediments was in the range 14–38% based on the results from the GC/MS determination of the two different extracts. Lower molecular PAHs showed higher bioavailability compared to the higher molecular ones. The sediment extracts were shown to be toxic towards both algae and bacteria. The SDS extracts showed similar or higher toxicity in the two biotests compared to the organic solvent extracts in spite of their lower PAHs content.

scholarly journals Remediation of Anthracene-Contaminated Soil with Sophorolipids-SDBS-Na2SiO3 and Treatment of Eluting Wastewater

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2188
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Xiaofeng Wang ◽  
Lixiang Shi ◽  
Xianyuan Du ◽  
Zhansheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Elution Time ◽  
Factor B ◽  
Ring Opening Reaction ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

The soil pollution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is serious in China, which not only affects the living and growing environment of plants and animals but also has a great impact on people’s health. The use of hydrophobic organic compounds to make use of surfactant ectopic elution processing is more convenient and cheaper as a repair scheme and can effectively wash out the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the soil. Therefore, we mixed sophorolipids:sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS):Na2SiO3 according to the mass ratio of 1:15:150. We explored the influencing factors of high and low concentrations of PAH-contaminated soil using a single factor test and four factors at a two-level factorial design. Then, the elution wastewater was treated by ultrasonic oxidation technology and the alkali-activated sodium persulfate technology. The results showed that: (1) In the single factor test, when the elution time is 8 h, the concentration of the compounded surfactant is 1200 mg/L, the particle size is 60 mesh, the concentration of NaCl is 100 mmol/L, and the concentration of KCl is 50 mmol/L, and the effect of the PAH-contaminated soil eluted by the composite surfactant is the best. Externally added NaCl and KCl salt ions have a more obvious promotion effect on the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-contaminated soil; (2) in the interaction experiment, single factor B (elution time) and D (NaCl concentration) have a significant main effect. There is also a certain interaction between factor A (concentration agent concentration) and factor D, factor B, and factor C (KCl concentration); (3) the treatment of anthracene in the eluate by ultrasonic completely mineralizes the organic pollutants by the thermal and chemical effects produced by the ultrasonic cavitation phenomenon, so that the organic pollutants in the eluate are oxidized and degraded into simple environmentally friendly small molecular substances. When the optimal ultrasonic time is 60 min and the ratio of oxidant to activator is 1:2, the removal rate of contaminants in the eluent can reach 63.7%. At the same time, the turbidity of the eluent is significantly lower than that of the liquid after centrifugal separation, indicating that oxidants can not only remove the pollutants in elution water but also remove the residual soil particulate matter; and (4) by comparing the infrared spectrum of the eluted waste liquid before and after oxidation, it can be seen that during the oxidation process, the inner part of eluent waste liquid underwent a ring-opening reaction, and the ring-opening reaction also occurred in the part of the cyclic ester group of the surfactant, which changed from a ring to non-ring.

Trace Organic Pollutants Emission From Large-Scale Circulating Fluidized Bed Incinerators of Co-Firing Chinese MSW and Coal

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Hua Yan ◽  
Sheng-Yong Lu ◽  
Yue-Ling Gu ◽  
Xu-Guang Jiang ◽  
Xiao-Dong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Environmental Evaluation ◽  
Dioxin Emission ◽  
Pollutants Emission ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Trace Organic Pollutants ◽  
Trace Organic

Complex components, high moisture and low caloric value of raw Chinese MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) lead to the difficulties of keeping stable burning and low pollutant emission. Differential Density Circulated Fluidized Bed (DDCFB) incinerator was first developed by Zhejiang University to overcome such difficulties. The research of organic pollutants, especially dioxins and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons emission and control from MSW incinerators has been carried out in ITPE since 1998. The aim of this paper is to provide the scheme of a new co-firing CFB incineration technology, and useful data for environmental evaluation of trace organic pollutants emission from incinerators. The art of co-firing CFB is presented briefly in the first part of this paper. The dioxin content in original Chinese MSW is estimated to be 10 pg I-TEQ/g based on the data from Abad et al. Several test runs are conducted in a real-scale (150ton/day) incinerator co-firing MSW and coal to investigate dioxins and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons emission to ambient air. Test results show that dioxins input into the incinerator is estimated around 300∼600 mg I-TEQ/y, dioxins output is estimated 3∼100 mg I-TEQ/y, and dioxins emitted to ambient air is around 0.1∼15mg I-TEQ/y. It seemed that most of dioxins in original waste are decomposed by incineration process. For seventeen priority PAHs, its emission to ambient air is around 200∼4160g/y for co-firing runs, which is much more than 80g/y for coal combustion only. This suggests that PAHs emission to ambient air needed to be more concerned than dioxins. That is to say, PAHs emission regulatory should be proposed as soon as possible to restrict all incinerators. Several new incinerators (200 tons/day per unit and 300 tons/day per unit) were built by using new Co-firing CFB technology in past few years. From the environmental evaluation report, dioxins emission in stack gas is in range of 0.0025∼0.06 ng I-TEQ/Nm3, which seemed far below the European limit. The annual dioxin emission to air for 200ton/day or 300 t/d units is around 3∼6 mg I-TEQ. It shows that co-firing CFB incinerator is capable of reducing dioxin emission effectively. Based on industrial demonstration experience of new co-firing CFB incineration technology, it has been proven environmental friendly method for thermal treatment of MSW in developing countries. Some reasons for low dioxin emission of co-firing processes are discussed in this paper.

Study of Polcyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Distribution and their Origination in the Soil of Beihu Area, China

2011 ◽  
Vol 281 ◽  
pp. 280-285
Author(s):  
Li Song Hu ◽  
Guang Hui He ◽  
Xi Wen Liu ◽  
Yan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
Average Residue ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

In this paper, 34 soil samples was collected in Beihu Lake area in Wuhan, Hubei province for determination of 16 types of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), in order to study the residues of persistent organic pollutants in soil of Beihu area, GC-MS, as well as a detection method called EPA8080A, was used to detect these PAHs, including Naphthalene, Acenaphthylene, Acenaphthene, Fluorene, Phenanthrene, Anthracene, Fluoranthene, Pyrene, Benzo(a)anthracene, Chrysene, Benzo(b)fluoranthene, Benzo(k)fluoranthene, Benzo(a)pyrene, Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene, Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene and Benzo(g,hi)perylene. The result showed that PAHs could be found in all the samples, and the average residue of PAHs was 4114.2 ng/g. The coefficient of variation was 0.98, which indicated a greater dispersion. The pollution was more serious in the specified district than other domestic and foreign area. The ratio of specific PAHs demonstrated that they mainly came from combustion process and then fall to the surface by means of atmospheric deposition, thus, the departments concerned should strengthen or improve the use of fuel.

Organic pollutants in precipitation: determination of pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Gdańsk, Poland

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1233-1245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Żaneta Polkowska ◽  
Agata Kot ◽  
Marek Wiergowski ◽  
Lidia Wolska ◽  
Karolina Wołowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document