Water reclamation, reuse and public health

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 275-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.B. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Health Protection ◽  
The Public ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
Public Health Protection ◽  
Water Issues

The number of people who have limited access to high-quality water has increased, and while this is a growing global crisis, water issues, problems and solutions are often seen as localised. Water reuse and reclamation will play a significant role in achieving sustainability and public health protection in the future. The wastewater and reuse community should be responsible for monitoring sewage impacts and improvements as demonstrated through pathogen reduction with appropriate treatment. Viruses, Cryptosporidium and Giardia can all be reduced during treatment anywhere from 99% to 99.9999%, achieving drinking water quality, if so desired. Recommendations to achieve better access to scientific information for decision making include: 1) developing a global data base for biological contaminant loading from wastewater and 2) defining the public health protection via reuse and reclamation.

scholarly journals Increase in hepatitis A cases in the Czech Republic in 2008 - preliminary report

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (40) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Fabianova ◽  
J Cástková ◽  
C Beneš ◽  
J Kyncl ◽  
B Kriz
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Health Protection ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Public ◽  
Viral Hepatitis A ◽  
Public Health Protection

The public health protection authorities in the Czech Republic report a rise in cases of viral hepatitis A (HAV) since the end of May 2008. In total, as many as 602 HAV cases have been reported in 2008 until the end of calendar week 39 (28 September).

scholarly journals Public Health Protection Against Bioterrorism via Respiratory Pathogenic Viral and Bacterial Agents using Protective Face Masks

CommonHealth ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-39
Author(s):  
David Brookstein
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Health Protection ◽  
Respiratory Protection ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
The Public ◽  
Pathogenic Agents ◽  
Public Health Protection

The widespread respiratory transmission of the Covid-19 virus has taught us the importance of face masks to mitigate both the community spread of the virus and protection of wearers by face masks.  As such, there could be an extremely adverse public health possibility where respiratory pathogenic agents could be spread as a means of bioterrorism.  While eventually vaccines could mitigate wide spread infection, protective face masks are an important way to immediately   prevent respiratory infections from various pathogenic agents.  In view of the possibility of respiratory-based bioterrorism it is critical that the public might have to adopt universal usage of face masks.  The CDC recommends that all families stockpile respiratory protection as part of their personal pandemic plan because face masks should be worn by all individuals during a pandemic especially one caused by bioterrorism.

scholarly journals CONCEPTUALLY-THEORETICAL JUSTIFICATION AND UPDATING OF THE PREVENTIVE APPROACH IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A PHARMACIST’S INFORMATION CONSULTANCY SERVICES IN THE PUBLIC HEALTH SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-204
Author(s):  
I. A. Kirshchina ◽  
A. V. Soloninina ◽  
V. N. Michailova
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Pharmaceutical Services ◽  
Health Protection ◽  
Professional Competencies ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Preventive Approach ◽  
Public Health Protection

Public health protection is the most important law of the development of a civilized society. As participants in the health care system, pharmaceutical specialists must take upon themselves certain preventive tasks aimed at strengthening and maintaining the health of the population.The aim of the work was to substantiate and develop a methodology for implementing the professional role of pharmaceutical specialists in public health protection.Materials and methods. The search for information was carried out using the methods of address, thematic and factual search in the Scopus, The Cochrane Library, Pubmed, eLibrary databases. The analyzed body of information included systematic reviews, retrospective and randomized studies, and other applied developments on the topic of publication. The depth of the bibliographic search for scientific publications is about 20 years (2000-2019). The following keywords were used for the search: “a pharmacist in health protection”, “prevention of adverse drug reactions”, “functions of a pharmacist”, “pharmaceutical care”, “sanitary competence”, “a pharmacist’s role in the prevention of diseases”, “pharmacy services”, “patient compliance”, “collaboration in health care”, etc.Results. On the basis of the analysis, the demand for pharmacists in the health protection activities has been substantiated, the scientific and applied methodology of using pharmaceutical knowledge in the protection of public health has been updated and the necessary professional competencies (PC) of a pharmacist have been proposed for their implementation. The relevance of the preventive approach in the implementation of information and consultancy activities of a pharmacist has been substantiated, the essence of which is to prevent undesirable events associated with the use of medicinal preparations (MPs) and preventive health care in the society. The proposed methodology is based on the concept of “a pharmaceutical vigilance”, the practical implementation of which is proposed in the publication. The need for pharmacists to perform certain professional functions aimed at preserving and strengthening the health of the population has been updated, the functions have been proposed and the list of possible pharmaceutical services for the practical implementation of the proposed functions in the health care system has been provided.Conclusion. The following pharmaceutical services have been identified as relevant: pharmaceutical enlightenment of the population, patient-oriented pharmaceutical counseling and patronage of patients, pharmaceutical informing of medical specialists about drugs and social prevention of the problems affecting the public health. The definitions of pharmaceutical services have been specified, the methodology for providing the services has been substantiated, the efficiency of their provision has been updated and the professional competencies of pharmacists for their implementation in practical healthcare have been formed.

scholarly journals PUBLIC HEALTH PROTECTION AS A PROFESSIONAL FUNCTION OF A PHARMACIST − ANALYSIS OF EXPECTATIONS AND PREFERENCES OF PHARMACEUTICAL SERVICES CONSUMERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
I.A. Kirshcina ◽  
A.A. Karimova ◽  
A.V. Soloninina
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Pharmaceutical Services ◽  
Health Protection ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
The Public ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Consumer Expectations ◽  
Public Health Protection

Implementation of state problems in the field of public health protection is impossible without the participation of phar- maceutical specialists, which requires a comprehensive assessment of existing practices in the field of health and social work from the consumers’ view. The purpose of the research is to study the expectations, preferences and consumers satisfaction with the level of participation of pharmacists in maintaining and improving the public health. Materials and methods. The assessment of consumer expectations and preferences was based on the analysis of the survey results using standard methods of statistical analysis (two-sample student test, nonparametric Mann-Whitney test with a significance level of p<0.05, Friedman’s rank analysis of variance) in the software products Statistica 10 and Microsoft Excel. Results. Analysis of consumer expectations and their satisfaction regarding the participation of pharmacists in public health has allowed to define the portrait of the most competent and at the same time demanding visitor pharmacies. It’s a woman 36-50 years old with higher education that has got children up to 18 years and/or older relatives (friends), and/or with chronic diseases and receiving multiple medications on a regular basis. With increasing age, the number of chronic diseases and, consequently, the number of necessary medications, consumer expectations are also increase. The public reaction to the participation of pharmacists in public health protection is mostly positive, however the pharmaceutical specialist is more widely perceived in society as an expert on medicines, rather than on healthcare in general. For all consumers of pharmaceutical services, the most significant characteristic is the level of pharmacists’ professional compe- tence. Regular consumers of pharmacy services express a higher willingness to follow the pharmacists’ recommendations to pre- serve and promote health (such as healthy diet, physical activity, solving problems associated with quitting smoking). At the same time, consumers without any health problems are less motivated to receive health-saving recommendations from a pharmacist. Conclusion: The modern society is aware of the significant role of pharmacists in the implementation of health-saving technologies, although the range of their professional tasks rarely goes further than the sphere of medicines supply. This fact requires the phar- macy manager to focus on monitoring the compliance of specialists ‘ competencies with consumer expectations. The greatest interest in receiving health-saving recommendations from pharmacists is shown by older patients having chronic dis- eases and taking medicines on a regular basis, while the involvement of other categories of pharmacy’s visitors in preventive con- sultations remains low. This circumstance indicates the potential for strengthening the preventive component of pharmaceutical counseling, which will allow visitors to form a deeper understanding of pharmacists as full participants in the healthcare system.

scholarly journals FINANCIAL ASPECTS OF THE PUBLIC HEALTH PROTECTION SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Polina ANANCHENKOVA ◽  
◽  
Natalya KAMYNINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Health Protection ◽  
Modern State ◽  
The Public ◽  
High Level ◽  
Public Health Protection

The article deals with current issues of financing Russian health care, the implementation of which will ensure the effective functioning of the system of public health protection. In the structure of a modern state, the security of any country is based on effectively functioning defense and health systems that ensure stability and a high level of quality of life for citizens. Therefore, the system for ensuring public health should not receive funding on a residual basis, and the mechanism for providing medical care and preventing morbidity should be based on market principles.

scholarly journals Pharmaceutical chambers in the public health protection system.

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-275
Author(s):  
Łukasz Puchała ◽  
Ireneusz Sołtyszewski
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Protection ◽  
Protection System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Protection
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