Assessing the role of biochemical methane potential tests in determining anaerobic degradability rate and extent

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 880-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Jensen ◽  
H. Ge ◽  
D. J. Batstone
Keyword(s):  
Parameter Estimation ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Continuous Systems ◽  
Batch Test ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
First Order ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
The Impact

The biodegradability and bioavailability of hydrolysis-limited substrates under anaerobic (and aerobic) conditions can be represented by two key parameters – degradability (fd), or the percentage that can be effectively be destroyed during digestion, and first order hydrolysis coefficient (khyd), or the speed at which material breaks down. Biochemical methane potential (BMP) testing uses a batch test (in triplicate), and by fitting against a first order model, can fit both parameters in the same test. BMP testing is now being widely used for anaerobic process feasibility and design purposes, and standardisation efforts are ongoing. In this paper, we address a number of key issues relating to the test method and its analysis. This includes proposal of a new fitting and parameter estimation method, evaluation of the impact of inoculum to substrate ratio on fitted parameters, and comparison to performance in continuous systems. The new parameter estimation technique provides an estimate of parameter uncertainty and correlation, and is clearly more suitable than model transformation and linear regression. An inoculum volume ratio of at least 50% (2:1 on VS basis) was required on a cellulose substrate to use methane production as primary indicator, as found by comparing methane production and solubilisation of cellulose. Finally, on a typical material, waste activated sludge, the batch test was slightly conservative in terms of degradability and rate, indicating a bias in the BMP test. The test is a cost-effective and capable method to evaluate potential substrates, but it should be noted that it is generally conservative, especially if sub-optimal inoculum is used.

scholarly journals Impact of Attrition Ball-Mill on Characteristics and Biochemical Methane Potential of Food Waste

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2085
Author(s):  
Yang Mo Gu ◽  
Seon Young Park ◽  
Ji Yeon Park ◽  
Byoung-In Sang ◽  
Byoung Seong Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
The Impact

The impact of attrition ball-mill pretreatment on food waste particle size, soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD), biochemical methane potential, and microbial community during anaerobic digestion was investigated based on milling speed and time. The uniformity of particle size improved with increasing milling speed and time. The SCOD of the pretreated samples increased to 4%, 7%, and 17% at the speeds of 150, 225, and 300 rpm, respectively, compared to the control. Milling time did not significantly change the SCOD. The cumulative methane productions of 430, 440, and 490 mL/g-VS were observed at the speeds of 150, 225, and 300 rpm, respectively, while the untreated sample exhibited the cumulative methane production of 390 mL/g-VS. Extended milling time did not improve methane production much. When the milling times of 10, 20, and 30 min were applied with the milling speed fixed at 300 rpm, the methane productions of 490, 510, and 500 mL/g-VS were observed respectively. Ball-mill pretreatment also increased the total volatile fatty acids. During the anaerobic digestion (AD) of ball-mill treated food waste, acetoclastic methanogens predominated, with a relative abundance of 48–49%. Interestingly, hydrogenotrophic methanogens were 1.6 times higher in the pretreated samples than those in the control. These results showed the potential of attrition ball milling as a food waste pretreatment for improving methane production.

Semi-Parametric Statistical Model for Extreme Value Statistical Models and Application in Automatic Control

2014 ◽  
Vol 680 ◽  
pp. 455-458
Author(s):  
Yu Han
Keyword(s):  
Parameter Estimation ◽  
Automatic Control ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Extreme Value Distribution ◽  
Extreme Value ◽  
Value Distribution ◽  
Vector Model ◽  
Extreme Statistics ◽  
The Impact

The frequency that extreme events appear in the life is low,but once it appears,the impact will be significant; many scholars have conducted in depth research and found that statistical theory of extreme value. The theory of extreme statistics plays a more and more important role in many fields such as automatic control, assembly line etc. This paper,makes an in-depth research towards the characteristics and parameter estimation of the extreme value statistical models,as well as the application,mainly analyzes the Bayes parameter estimation method of extreme value distribution,the extreme value distribution theory and Copula function random vector model.

A TWO-PARAMETER GENERATE-AND-TEST METHOD FOR CAMERA PARAMETER ESTIMATION WITH ANY PLANAR CALIBRATION OBJECT

1994 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
pp. 877-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZEN CHEN ◽  
CHAO-MING WANG
Keyword(s):  
Parameter Estimation ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Image Features ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Camera Parameter ◽  
Speed Performance ◽  
Verification Time ◽  
Calibration Object ◽  
Object Features ◽  
Planar Calibration

In this paper we address the camera parameter estimation problem using an arbitrary planar calibration object. We intend not to use a system of linear or nonlinear equations in terms of the camera parameters derived from the correspondence relationships between the image features (points or lines) and the object features. Instead, we assume that the shape of the planar object can be arbitrary. Therefore, there may not exist any extractable object point or line features. We formulate the estimation method as a generate-and-test method. To make the method effective, we reduce the dimensionality of the parameter space from six to two using a simplified model of the perspective transformation under some mild conditions. Furthermore, several other measures are also taken to cut down the generation time and the verification time. Real, computer-generated, and noisy imagery data are used to illustrate our method in the experiments. The statistics on the speed performance of the method are also included.

scholarly journals Influence of the Preliminary Storage on Methane Yield of Anaerobic Digestion of the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2017
Author(s):  
Domenica Pangallo ◽  
Altea Pedullà ◽  
Demetrio Antonio Zema ◽  
Paolo S. Calabrò
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
First Order ◽  
Methane Potential

Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a suitable management option for the energy valorization of many wastes, including the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). However, in some cases, long storage after the separate collection of this waste is required for management reasons, especially when the amount of waste to be treated temporarily exceeds the capacity of available AD plants. This study evaluates the biochemical methane potential (BMP) of the OFMSW after preliminary storage of 2, 6, and 10 days, in order to assess whether they are still suitable for AD or not. Moreover, the accuracy of three kinetic models (first order, Gompertz, and logistic models) in estimating the methane yield of stored OFMSW is tested. The resulting methane yield was between about 500 and 650 NmL·gVS−1 and slightly increased with the increase of the storage time after collection. Overall, this study has demonstrated that storage of OFMSW, when the collected amount of solid waste exceeds the treatment capacity of AD plants, a storage time up to 10 days does not impact the methane yield of the process.

scholarly journals Potencial bioquímico de metano de águas residuárias da ultrafiltração no processamento da acerola (Malpighia emarginata) verde

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Andreza Carla Lopes Andre ◽  
Miriam Cleide Cavalcante de Amorim ◽  
Kessia Caroline Dantas da Silva ◽  
Paula Tereza Souza e Silva
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Decay Rate Constant ◽  
Malpighia Emarginata ◽  
Load Removal ◽  
Methane Potential

Ultrafiltration clarifies fruit juices, in the food industry, but generates retentive, recalcitrant wastewater, which, by its organic nature, may present a potential for biodegradation and methane production. This study aimed to evaluate the biochemical methane potential (BMP) in wastewater from the processing of unripe green acerola, obtaining the mass balance and the speed of organic load removal in COD terms. The BMP assays followed the German Guidelines VDI 4630, by applying three COD loads per liter of reactor vial (0,86 g CDOAplied L-1R, 1,5 g CDOAplied L-1R e 2,0 g CDOAplied L-1R), , in batches, inoculated with the anaerobic sludge from reactors treating domestic sewage, at 30 0C. The pH, COD, and methane production were evaluated every 48 hours. The biodegradability and the decay rate constant of the COD (Kd) were determined, thus obtaining the methanized COD, the COD for the formation of new cells, and the COD present in the wastewater, in the form of volatile acids. The best BMP was 0.100 L CH4 g -1 CDORemoved, the percentages of methanization were above 62 %, and the highest Kd occurred for the lowest load applied. The anaerobic digestion of the wastewater proved viable for in full-scale, with its application being suggested at a pilot scale.  

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