scholarly journals Separating grey- and blackwater in urban water cycles – sensible in the view of misconnections?

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 1132-1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Tolksdorf ◽  
P. Cornel
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Resource Recovery ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Infrastructure Systems ◽  
Effluent Standards ◽  
Design Values ◽  
Pr China

The infrastructure approach SEMIZENTRAL has been developed for fast growing cities, to meet their challenges regarding water supply as well as biowaste and wastewater treatment. The world's first full-scale SEMIZENTRAL Resource Recovery Center (RRC) has been implemented in Qingdao (PR China). Greywater (GW) and blackwater (BW) are collected and treated separately. Measurement of influent concentrations differ significantly from the design values. Thus, the operation strategy for the RRC had to be adapted. Amongst other reasons, the changed influent characteristic was caused by misconnections of GW and BW sewers. Already a misconnection rate of 6–8% requires an extension of the GW treatment process for nitrification/denitrification to fulfill effluent standards. Hence, measures should be taken to avoid or reduce misconnections. Nonetheless, in a semi-centralized scale (>10,000 inhabitants) a 100% avoidance might not be possible. Thus, consequences from misconnections should be considered during the design of source-oriented infrastructure systems.

scholarly journals From wastewater treatment to water resource recovery: Environmental and economic impacts of full-scale implementation

2021 ◽  
pp. 117554
Author(s):  
Maria Faragò ◽  
Anders Damgaard ◽  
Jeanette Agertved Madsen ◽  
Jacob Kragh Andersen ◽  
Dines Thornberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Resource Recovery ◽  
Full Scale

Wastewater Treatment Technologies Accomplished in a Pseudofluidized Bed Reactor

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (9-11) ◽  
pp. 2501-2504
Author(s):  
M. Y. Kigel ◽  
J. F. Shultis
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Process Modification ◽  
Total Residence Time

A pseudofluidized bed reactor has been developed and successfully used with the purpose of water and wastewater treatment based on both biological and physical-chemical processes. The reactor was tested in a full-scale industrial facility for the treatment of petrochemical wastewater. Major reactor's process and hydraulic components were also investigated for the removal of chromium from ground water. Combined simultaneous biological and chemical treatment was tested to remove organic as well as inorganic contaminants. The reactor provides accomplishment of several process phases proceeding in one apparatus unit including oxygen transfer to water, mixing, gas bubbles removal, creation of pseudofluidized beds, internal recirculation, and liquid/solid phase separation. Hydraulic conditions for the pseudofluidization regime were investigated in a three-column pilot-scale unit then checked in a 1-gpm (0.0631 L/s) reactor prototype. Treatment process parameters were investigated in continuous operation of a 1.5-gpm (0.1 L/s) full-scale facility based on a symbiotic (algae and activated sludge) biological treatment process modification. The obtained results allowed 40 - 50% decrease in total residence time of reaction and phase separation processes.

PILOT -SCALE, HIGH-STRENGTH INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT EVALUATION BY MATHEMATICAL MODELLING

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
Elemér Dobolyi ◽  
Imre Takács
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Plant Design ◽  
Effluent Standards

An existing rendering plant wastewater treatment facility has to be upgraded to meet the newly set British and more stringent EC effluent standards. After detailed analysis it turned out, that the existing treatment plant cannot be upgraded, a new plant has to be built. The rendering plant processes slaughterhouse wastes. The wastewater contains easily biodegradable organic substances, mainly organic acids, organic bonded nitrogen and ammonia. According to the new effluent standards the main task, besides the organic removal was the complete removal of nitrogen. The aim of this study was to find out the best available technology and the basic wastewater design data. For this purpose, on site pilot scale experiments were carried out. In several test runs the influent BOD and T K N have varied of between 1400-5500 and 460-1120 mg/l, respectively. Based on the experimental results, single-sludge nitrification-denitrification technology was selected for the full scale treatment plant. The plant was extended by chemical phosphate removal applying the post-precipitation method. In addition to the experimental schedule, a mathematical model of the plant was developed for two purposes.– to verify the applicability of the general activated sludge model under high concentration influent conditions, and– to generalize experimental results and provide a tool to predict plant performance under full scale conditions. On the basis of successful pilot plant experiments and model calibration, full scale plant design parameters were determined and presented. The full scale plant is under construction.

scholarly journals Diagnosis and optimization of WWTPs using the PWM library: full-scale experiences

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 518-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Fernández-Arévalo ◽  
I. Lizarralde ◽  
M. Maiza ◽  
S. Beltrán ◽  
P. Grau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Resource Recovery ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Complete Model ◽  
Model Library ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
Wide Range

Given the shift in perception of wastewater treatment plants as water resource recovery facilities, conventional mathematical models need to be updated. The resource recovery perspective should be applied to new processes, technologies and plant layouts. The number and level of models proposed to date give an overview of the complexity of the new plant configurations and provides a wide range of possibilities and process combinations in order to construct plant layouts. This diversity makes the development of standard, modular and flexible tools and model libraries that allow the incorporation of new processes and components in a straightforward way a necessity. In this regard, the plant-wide modelling (PWM) library is a complete model library that includes conventional and advanced technologies and that allows economic and energetic analyses to be carried out in a holistic way. This paper shows the fundamentals of this PWM library that is built upon the above-mentioned premises and the application of the PWM library in three different full-scale case studies.

scholarly journals Full-scale semi-centralized wastewater treatment facilities for resource recovery: operation, problems and resolutions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianchun Tang ◽  
Yexuan Wen ◽  
Yi He ◽  
Haixin Jiang ◽  
Xiaohu Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Resource Recovery ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Operation Performance ◽  
Centralized Wastewater Treatment

Abstract The first full-scale semi-centralized wastewater treatment and resource recovery system based on source separation was implemented from 2014. To assess the operation performance, operating costs and resolve the problems faced in this system, the latest operation data from April 2017 to September 2018 was investigated. The results show that greywater and blackwater modules exhibited good removal performance for organics and nutrients, although misconnection between pipelines existed and influent loading rates fluctuated. The effluent could meet reuse standards. The biogas production rates of raw sludge could reach 7.27–10.9 m3 gas·per cubic raw sludge. The specific cost of treated water was higher than in a conventional treatment system. Power consumption made a major contribution to the total cost with a proportion of 55.3%–94.2%. After optimizing and considering the comprehensive efficiencies, the costs would be affordable. The dewatered sludge of the anaerobic digestion module has been applied to agricultural and landscaping soil. It is suggested that organics in blackwater could be recovered as volatile fatty acids with high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation and used as an external carbon source for short-cut biological nitrogen removal. In conclusion, the semi-centralized system will be a feasible and sustainable alternative for conventional treatment systems in future.

scholarly journals Wastewater Valorization: Practice around the World at Pilot- and Full-Scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9466
Author(s):  
Anouk F. Duque ◽  
Riccardo Campo ◽  
Angeles Val del Rio ◽  
Catarina L. Amorim
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Resource Recovery ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Recovery Potential ◽  
The World

Over the last few years, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been rebranded as water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs), which recognize the resource recovery potential that exists in wastewater streams. WRRFs contribute to a circular economy by not only producing clean water but by recovering valuable resources such as nutrients, energy, and other bio-based materials. To this aim, huge efforts in technological progress have been made to valorize sewage and sewage sludge, transforming them into valuable resources. This review summarizes some of the widely used and effective strategies applied at pilot- and full-scale settings in order to valorize the wastewater treatment process. An overview of the different technologies applied in the water and sludge line is presented, covering a broad range of resources, i.e., water, biomass, energy, nutrients, volatile fatty acids (VFA), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), and exopolymeric substances (EPS). Moreover, guidelines and regulations around the world related to water reuse and resource valorization are reviewed.

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