scholarly journals Regulation of work-related and occupational impacts on workers employed at railroads: experience gained in Russia and other countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 173-185
Author(s):  
V.A. Loginova ◽  
◽  
Yu.N. Kas'kov ◽  
E.A. Zhidkova ◽  
K.G. Gurevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Occupational Risk Factors ◽  
Occupational Factors ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Railway Traffic ◽  
Systemic Analysis ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
Railway Workers

The present research is vital as it will allow increasing safety of working conditions for workers employed at railway transport due to reducing impacts exerted by occupational risk factors. Our research goal was to perform comparative analysis of requirements to labor protection provided for railway workers. Our research was performed via non-systemic analysis of literature that involved searching through Elibrary, Pubmed and Cochrane databases as per certain key words. As a result, we showed that railway traffic involved exposure to numerous occupational risk factors; due to it, a significant number of workplaces, including those of enginemen and other railway workers, belonged to the 3rd (adverse) hazard category. Basic occupational risk factors included noise and vibration; psychoemotional loads borne by engine team workers and traffic controllers; exposure to industrial aerosols; electromagnetic irradiation; fluctuations in microclimatic parameters in engines’ cabs. All these occupational factors influence not only workers who are directly employed at railways but also people who live in close proximity to them. Therefore, in most countries there is legislative basis on health protection for people who may be exposed to occupational factors related to railway traffic. Our analysis revealed that in general the existing legislation in Russia corresponded to foreign one. Bases for harmonization of the domestic legislation with foreign one are fixed by the Federal Law issued on December 27, 2002 No. 184-FZ «On technical regulation». Harmonization of domestic and foreign legislation on reducing total exposure to occupational risk factors allows preserving long-term working ability and preventing work-related diseases.

scholarly journals Regulation of work-related and occupational impacts on workers employed at railroads: experience gained in Russia and other countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 173-185
Author(s):  
V.A. Loginova ◽  
◽  
Yu.N. Kas'kov ◽  
E.A. Zhidkova ◽  
K.G. Gurevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Occupational Risk Factors ◽  
Occupational Factors ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Railway Traffic ◽  
Systemic Analysis ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
Railway Workers

The present research is vital as it will allow increasing safety of working conditions for workers employed at railway transport due to reducing impacts exerted by occupational risk factors. Our research goal was to perform comparative analysis of requirements to labor protection provided for railway workers. Our research was performed via non-systemic analysis of literature that involved searching through Elibrary, Pubmed and Cochrane databases as per certain key words. As a result, we showed that railway traffic involved exposure to numerous occupational risk factors; due to it, a significant number of workplaces, including those of enginemen and other railway workers, belonged to the 3rd (adverse) hazard category. Basic occupational risk factors included noise and vibration; psychoemotional loads borne by engine team workers and traffic controllers; exposure to industrial aerosols; electromagnetic irradiation; fluctuations in microclimatic parameters in engines’ cabs. All these occupational factors influence not only workers who are directly employed at railways but also people who live in close proximity to them. Therefore, in most countries there is legislative basis on health protection for people who may be exposed to occupational factors related to railway traffic. Our analysis revealed that in general the existing legislation in Russia corresponded to foreign one. Bases for harmonization of the domestic legislation with foreign one are fixed by the Federal Law issued on December 27, 2002 No. 184-FZ «On technical regulation». Harmonization of domestic and foreign legislation on reducing total exposure to occupational risk factors allows preserving long-term working ability and preventing work-related diseases.

scholarly journals Predictors of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a multi-ethnic cohort of United Kingdom healthcare workers: a prospective nationwide cohort study (UK-REACH)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher A Martin ◽  
Daniel Pan ◽  
Carl Melbourne ◽  
Lucy Teece ◽  
Avinash Aujayeb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Hospital Inpatient ◽  
Occupational Risk Factors ◽  
Occupational Factors ◽  
Factors Associated

Introduction Healthcare workers (HCWs), particularly those from ethnic minority groups, have been shown to be at disproportionately higher risk of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) compared to the general population. However, there is insufficient evidence on how demographic and occupational factors influence infection risk among ethnic minority HCWs. Methods We analysed data from the United Kingdom Research study into Ethnicity And COVID-19 Outcomes in Healthcare workers (UK-REACH) cohort study. We used logistic regression to examine associations of demographic, household and occupational predictor variables with SARS-CoV-2 infection (defined by PCR, serology or suspected COVID-19) in a diverse group of HCWs. Results 2,496 of the 10,772 HCWs (23.2%) who worked during the first UK national lockdown in March 2020 reported previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. In an adjusted model, demographic and household factors associated with increased odds of infection included younger age, living with other key workers and higher religiosity. Important occupational risk factors associated with increased odds of infection included attending to a higher number of COVID-19 positive patients (aOR 2.49, 95%CI 2.03—3.05 for ≥21 patients per week vs none), working in a nursing or midwifery role (1.35, 1.15—1.58, compared to doctors), reporting a lack of access to personal protective equipment (1.27, 1.15 — 1.41) and working in an ambulance (1.95, 1.52—2.50) or hospital inpatient setting (1.54, 1.37 — 1.74). Those who worked in Intensive Care Units were less likely to have been infected (0.76, 0.63—0.90) than those who did not. Black HCWs were more likely to have been infected than their White colleagues, an effect which attenuated after adjustment for other known predictors. Conclusions We identified key sociodemographic and occupational risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection amongst UK HCWs, and have determined factors that might contribute to a disproportionate odds of infection in HCWs from Black ethnic groups. These findings demonstrate the importance of social and occupational factors in driving ethnic disparities in COVID-19 outcomes, and should inform policies, including targeted vaccination strategies and risk assessments aimed at protecting HCWs in future waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Trial registration: ISRCTN 11811602

Occupational risk factors for work-related disorders in greenhouse workers

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Jurewicz ◽  
Dimitris Kouimintzis ◽  
Alex Burdorf ◽  
Wojciech Hanke ◽  
Christos Chatzis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Occupational Risk Factors ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Greenhouse Workers

scholarly journals Work-related risk factors for ulnar nerve entrapment in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort of 1966

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Miettinen ◽  
Jorma Ryhänen ◽  
Rahman Shiri ◽  
Jaro Karppinen ◽  
Jouko Miettunen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Ulnar Nerve ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Nerve Entrapment ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Occupational Risk Factors ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Ulnar Nerve Entrapment

AbstractUlnar nerve entrapment (UNE) is the second most common entrapment neuropathy in the upper extremity. The aetiology of UNE is multifactorial and is still not fully understood. The aim of the study was to identify occupational risk factors for UNE and to determine whether smoking modifies the effects of work-related factors on UNE. The study population consisted of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort of 1966 (NFBC1966). In total, 6325 individuals active in working life participated at baseline in 1997. Occupational risk factors were evaluated by a questionnaire at baseline. The data on hospitalizations due to UNE were obtained from the Care Register for Health Care between 1997 and 2018. The incidence rate of hospitalization due to UNE was 47.6 cases per 100,000 person-years. After adjusting for confounders, entrepreneurs (Hazard ratio (HR) = 3.68, 95% CI 1.20–11.27), smokers (HR = 2.51, 95% CI 1.43–4.41), workers exposed to temperature changes (HR = 1.72, 95% CI 1.00–2.93), workers with physically demanding jobs (HR = 3.02, 95% CI 1.39–6.58), and workers exposed to hand vibration (HR = 1.94, 95% CI 1.00–3.77) were at an increased risk of hospitalization for UNE. Exposure to work requiring arm elevation increased the risk of hospitalization due to UNE among smokers (HR = 2.62, 95% CI 1.13–6.07), but not among non-smokers. Work-related exposure to vibration and temperature changes, and physically demanding work increase the risk of hospitalization for UNE. Smoking may potentiate the adverse effects of work-related factors on UNE.

scholarly journals Work-Related Risk Factors For Ulnar Nerve Entrapment in The Northern Finland Birth Cohort of 1966

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Miettinen ◽  
Jorma Ryhänen ◽  
Rahman Shiri ◽  
Jaro Karppinen ◽  
Jouko Miettunen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Ulnar Nerve ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Nerve Entrapment ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Occupational Risk Factors ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Ulnar Nerve Entrapment

Abstract Ulnar nerve entrapment (UNE) is the second most common entrapment neuropathy in the upper extremity. The aetiology of UNE is multifactorial and is still not fully understood. The aim of the study was to identify occupational risk factors for UNE and to determine whether smoking modifies the effects of work-related factors on UNE. The study population consisted of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort of 1966 (NFBC1966). In total, 6325 individuals active in working life participated in a 31-year follow-up study in 1997. Occupational risk factors were evaluated by a questionnaire at baseline in 1997. The data on hospitalizations due to UNE were obtained from the Care Register for Health Care between 1997 and 2018. The incidence rate of hospitalization due to UNE was 47.6 cases per 100 000 person-years. After adjusting for confounders, entrepreneurs (Hazard ratio (HR)=3.68, 95% CI 1.20-11.27), smokers (HR=2.51, 95% CI 1.43-4.41), workers exposed to temperature changes (HR=1.72, 95% CI 1.00-2.93), workers with physically demanding jobs (HR=3.02, 95% CI 1.39-6.58), and workers exposed to hand vibration (HR=1.94, 95% CI 1.00-3.77) were at an increased risk of hospitalization for UNE. Exposure to work requiring arm elevation increased the risk of hospitalization due to UNE among smokers (HR=2.62, 95% CI 1.13-6.07), but not among non-smokers. Work-related exposure to vibration and temperature changes, and physically demanding work increase the risk of hospitalization for UNE. Smoking may potentiate the adverse effects of work-related factors on UNE.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Occupational Risk Factors and Occupational Diseases in Kerman, Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maysam Rezapour ◽  
Zahra Khorrami ◽  
Raheleh Tabe ◽  
Narges Khanjani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Occupational Risk Factors ◽  
Occupational Risk Factor ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Important Health Issue

Background and aims: Many workers face significant hazardous workplace exposures, especially in developing countries. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of occupational risk factors and common occupational diseases in Kerman. Methods: This study was based on data from occupational risk factor and disease monitoring systems available at Kerman Province Health Center during 2011-2015. These data are gathered semiannually by occupational hygienists based on standard checklists provided by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education and these checklists include exposures and diseases related to the workplace. Results: Based on the results, 292 (3.7%), 281 (3.58%), 261 (3.32%), and 115 (1.47%) cases were found regarding occupational hearing loss, respiratory conditions, work-related back pain, and musculoskeletal disorders, respectively, which were related to different occupational exposures diagnosed in Kerman during 2011-2015. Moreover, dust, work tools, wrong body position during work, and noise were the most common risk factors in this respect. Conclusion: Overall, occupational hazards are considered as an important health issue in Kerman. Therefore, it is necessary to control exposure to these risk factors in order to prevent occupational diseases

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