The effects of yoga on quality of life among postmenopausal women: A systematic review study

Introduction The quality of life in menopausal women is considered to be an important health issue in different societies and one of the main objectives of health care in this period. This study aimed to investigate the effects of yoga on improving the quality of life in menopausal women. Method English databases of Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library were searched to access related articles using keywords of menopause, quality of life, and yoga. Furthermore, Persian equivalents of the same keywords were searched in databases of Google Scholar, SID, and Magiran, in addition to a combination of the keywords. The search interval was from the inspection to January 2020. The quality of the included studied was assessed based on CONSORT 2017 checklist. Results Out of 120 articles found in the databases, six articles entered the study based on the inclusion criteria and were investigated for intervention methods and consequences. The results indicated the positive impact of yoga on the quality of life in menopausal women. Conclusion Considering the effects of yoga on the symptoms and quality of life in menopausal women, it is suggested that this low-cost method be used to improve their quality of life and health.

LncRNAs roles in Chemoresistance of Cancer cells

: Cancer is an important health issue worldwide. Cancer therapy is multifaceted, and drug resistance is still the major limiting factor in treatment of patients with this disease. Although the mechanisms of anticancer drug resistance have been broadly investigated, a massive biological signal pathway of Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) involved in this process has not been completely understood. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a kind of transcripts with a minimum length of 200 nucleotides in size which have a limited potential for coding proteins. The roles of these RNA molecules have been evaluated in relation to several pathological processes including tumor formation and progression. Increasing evidence haverecently reported that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), particularly long non-coding RNAs have significant roles in many cellular and genomic processes, and because of their potential in regulation specific genes, they are also involved in drug resistance. In this review, we review the literature on the features oflncRNA, their regulation roles in the gene expression related to chemoresistance and the potential of these RNAs as targeted therapies for personalized treatment in cancers.

A study of efficacy of ‘rota virus vaccination’ on morbidity due to rotavirus diarrhoea in children aged 6 months to 5 years

Background: Rotavirus diarrhoea was the most common cause of mortality due to diarrhoea among children under 5 years of age. Deaths due to diarrhoea is one of important health issue that needs to be addressed due to high morbidity and mortality associated with it. Rotavirus is recognized as the major cause of hospitalizations among children and it is clear that improvements in hygiene and sanitation alone are not sufficient to decrease the cases. This study was conducted to assess the efficacy of rotavirus vaccine on morbidity amongst vaccinated and unvaccinated children.Methods: Our study include 40 patients diagnosed with diarrhoea, with stool report positive for rotavirus, with varying degree of dehydration coming to Lilavati Hospital in outpatient department, pediatric ward or pediatric intensive care unit.Results: Out of 40 children, 77.5% of the children vaccinated. We observed the rate of hospitalization was higher 77.8% i.e. 7/9 in the group of unvaccinated children than 45.2% i.e. 14/31 in group of vaccinated children. We found significant difference in the degree of dehydration in vaccinated and unvaccinated children. We found that nearly half of the children in vaccinated group did not have signs of dehydration (belongs to no dehydration category as per World Health Organization scale), while more than 88% of the children in unvaccinated group had some (66.7%) to severe (22.2%) degree of dehydration.Conclusions: Our study concludes that vaccination against rotavirus significantly reduce the morbidity associated with rotavirus diarrhoea as compared to unvaccinated children.

Prevalence of mental illness among COVID-19 survivors in South Korea: nationwide cohort

Background Mental illness among survivors of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) during the post-illness period is an emerging and important health issue. Aims We aimed to investigate the prevalence of mental illness and the associated factors for its development among COVID-2019 survivors. Method From 1 January to 4 June 2020, data were extracted from the National Health Insurance Service COVID-19 database in South Korea. Patients with COVID-19 were defined as those whose test results indicated that they had contracted the infection, regardless of disease severity. COVID-19 survivors were defined as those who recovered from the infection. The primary end-point was the development of mental illness, which was evaluated between 1 January and 1 December 2020. Results A total 260 883 individuals were included in this study, and 2.36% (6148) were COVID-19 survivors. The COVID-19 survivors showed higher prevalence of mental illness than the control group (12.0% in the COVID-19 survivors v. 7.7% in the control group; odds ratio (OR) = 2.40, 95% CI 2.21–2.61, P < 0.001). Additionally, compared with the control group, the no specific treatment for COVID-19 group (OR = 2.23, 95% CI 2.03–2.45, P < 0.001) and specific treatment for COVID-19 group (OR = 3.27, 95% CI 2.77–3.87, P < 0.001) showed higher prevalence of mental illness among survivors. Conclusions In South Korea, COVID-19 survivors had a higher risk of developing mental illness compared with the rest of the populations. Moreover, this trend was more evident in COVID-19 survivors who experienced specific treatment in the hospital.

Effect of Relationship between Protein Oxidation and Total Thiols in Progression of Leprosy

Objective: In several countries including India, leprosy is an older disease & until now continuous to be an important health issue. Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous disease, the causative agent for which is mycobacterium leprae. Due to imbalance between natural antioxidants and oxidative stress is significant event occurs that influences the pathogenesis of leprosy. Considering this the study was carried out to find, what type of relationship between MDA, Protein carbonyl and thiols as disease advances. Methods: 50 diagnosed leprosy patients & 50 healthy controls were included in this study. In leprosy group, 16 were Paucibacillary (PB) and 34 were Multibacillary (MB) type leprosy patients. Results: Serum Protein carbonyl and serum Malondialdehyde increased in leprosy patients than controlling. Further analysis reveals that the serum malondialdehyde was significantly increased in MB leprosy patients than PB leprosy patients. On the other hand, our proposed system significantly lowers the total thiols in leprosy patients when compared with controls. Serum total thiols were lower in MB leprosy than PB leprosy patients. Among leprosy patients the negative correlation of Malondialdehyde with total thiol and Protein carbonyl with total thiols was observed. Conclusion: Thus, as protein oxidation and lipid per oxidation in leprosy increases, the total thiols decreases which may lead to modifications of protein and lipids that are responsible for severity of disease hence therapy aimed at reducing generation of free radicals that can result in oxidative stress and as a result a modification of proteins and lipids.

Cessation strategies used successfully by individuals in recovery from methamphetamine addiction

INTRODUCTION: Methamphetamine (MA) misuse is a recognised health issue in Aotearoa New Zealand, and there is a lack of appropriate treatment available for individuals who are methamphetamine dependent. This exploratory study, undertaken in 2019, sought to gain insight from individuals in Aotearoa who have experienced MA dependence and now identify as being in recovery, to discover which strategies, approaches or treatment appeared helpful in their recovery.METHODS: The participants in the study were seven adults (New Zealand European, Samoan and Māori ethnicity) who had abstained from methamphetamine for six months or more. In-depth interviews were audiotaped and transcribed before being analysed. The data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis, which has its theoretical origins in phenomenology and hermeneutics.FINDINGS: Four themes emerged to describe the lived experience of recovery from methamphetamine misuse: Getting Away, Support, Personal Sources of Strength, and Treatment. Each theme held importance in the participants’ recovery from MA and provided insight into their journey in abstaining and being in recovery.CONCLUSIONS: These findings may be used to assist others entering recovery. The present findings are limited by the size of the sample; however, they provide valuable information on this important health issue as a basis for further research, which is urgently needed in Aotearoa.

821Surrounding greenness is associated with slower biological ageing based on epigenetics

Background High surrounding greenness has many health benefits, but few studies have evaluated these from the perspective of epigenetics. Methods We derived Horvath’s DNA methylation age (DNAmAge), Hannum’s DNAmAge, PhenoAge, and GrimAge from DNA methylation data measured from peripheral blood samples of 479 Australian women in 130 families. The DNA methylation age acceleration (DNAmAgeAC) was calculated as the residuals after regressing DNAmAge on chronological age. Greenness was represented by the satellite-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) within 300m, 500m, 1000m and 2000m surrounding participants’ home addresses. The greenness-DNAmAgeAC association was evaluated using a within-sibship design fitted by linear mixed effect models, adjusting for familial clustering and important covariates. Results Our analyses based on the whole sample suggested that the greenness-DNAmAgeAC association was only statistically significant for GrimAge acceleration. Each inter-quartile range (IQR) increase in NDVI within 1000m was associated with 0.59 (95% CI: 0.18, 1.01) year decrease in GrimAge acceleration. Greenness was also inversely associated with GrimAge’s three DNA methylation based components (cystatin-C, growth differentiation factor 15, and smoking pack-years). For participants at higher 50% area-level socioeconomic status (SES), each IQR increase in NDVI within 1000m was associated with 1.24 (95%CI: 0.39, 2.09) year and 0.79 (95%CI: 0.29, 1.30) year decrease in Hannum’s DNAmAgeAC and GrimAge acceleration, respectively. Conclusions Higher surrounding greenness was associated with slower biological aging measured by GrimAge acceleration and Hannun’s DNAmAgeAC in Australian women, particularly among those who lived in areas at higher SES. Key messages Epigenetics provides a potential mechanism for why surrounding greenness is an important health issue for community construction.

Effects of Obesity on Adiponectin System Skin Expression in Dogs: A Comparative Study

Obesity is an important health issue in dogs since it influences a plethora of associated pathologies, including dermatological disorders. Considering the scarcity of information in pets, this work aimed to evaluate the localization and expression of adiponectin (ADIPOQ) and its two receptors (ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2) in the skin of 10 obese dogs, compared with serum ADIPOQ level. Through immunohistochemistry, ADIPOQ and ADIPOR2 were observed in the adipose tissue, sweat and sebaceous glands, endothelium, and some connective cells. Both receptors were observed in the epidermis and the hair follicles, other than in the sweat and sebaceous glands. Real-time PCR evidenced that the ADIPOQ and ADIPOR2 transcripts were expressed 5.4-fold (p < 0.01) and 2.3-fold less (p < 0.01), respectively, in obese than in normal weight dogs, while ADIPOR1 expression did not change. Obese dogs showed lower serum ADIPOQ levels than the normal weight group. Accordingly, ADIPOQ and ADIPOR2 expression in the skin appear negatively correlated with obesity in the same way as the serum ADIPOQ level. These findings evidence that ADIPOQ system changes in the skin of obese dogs and suggest that the ADIPOQ effect on the skin is at least in part regulated by the reduced expression of ADIPOR2.

Self-Medication Practices: A Threatening Challenge

Background and Objectives: Self-Medication is a growing concern for the health authorities especially in Urban population. This research was aimed to find the various determinants of Self-Medication and to assess the influence of Pharmacists, Perception about doctors, Self- Knowledge gaining attitude of the patients on Self-Medication. Methods: This study was conducted in Nagpur city with a random sample constituting house wives, students, professionals and Businessman. The sample size was 71. Descriptive analyses, correlation analyses and multiple regressions were performed using SPSS Version 21.0. Results: The results indicated that 80% of the housewives take the medicines on the basis of previous prescription, word of mouth or on the suggestion of the pharmacist. It was alarming to find that 76% of the students took the medicines on the basis of web search. Fever (39%), headache (33%) & Abdominal pain (23%) are the prominent reasons for Self-Medication. There was a positive correlation between Advice of Pharmacist, Self-knowledge collection attitude of the patient with the Self-Medication behavior. NSAID’s, anti-allergen and antibiotics are the most frequently used drugs. Conclusion: Self-medication is an important health issue prevalent in India. Over the counter (OTC) and Old prescriptions available with the patients leads to rise in Self-Medication. There should be a strict regulatory control on procurement of drugs from the pharmacist.

3D Echocardiography for Rheumatic Heart Disease Analysis: Ready for Prime Time

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) remains to be a very important health issue worldwide, mainly in underdeveloped countries. It continues to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality throughout developing countries. RHD is a delayed non-suppurative immunologically mediated inflammatory response to the throat infection caused by a hemolytic streptococcus from the A group (Streptococcus pyogenes). RHD keeps position 1 as the most common cardiovascular disease in young people aged &lt;25 years considering all the continents. The disease can lead to valvular cardiac lesions as well as to carditis. Rheumatic fever valvular injuries lead most commonly to the fusion and thickening of the edges of the cusps and to the fusion, thickening, and shortening of the chordae and ultimately to calcification of the valves. Valvular commissures can also be deeply compromised, leading to severe stenosis. Atrial and ventricular remodeling is also common following rheumatic infection. Mixed valvular lesions are more common than isolated valvular disorders. Echocardiography is the most relevant imaging technique not only to provide diagnostic information but also to enable prognostic data. Further, it presents a very important role for the correction of complications after surgical repair of rheumatic heart valvulopathies. Three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography provides additional anatomical and morphofunctional information of utmost importance for patients presenting rheumatic valvopathies. Accordingly, three-dimensional echocardiography is ready for routine use in patients with RHD presenting with valvular abnormalities.