scholarly journals Invasión urbana de flebotomineo transmisores de Leishmania en Mérida, Venezuela

Duazary ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa Nieves Blanco ◽  
Emilianny Zambrano Avendaño ◽  
Mireya Sanchez ◽  
Maritza Rondón de Velasco ◽  
Claudia Magaly Sandoval Ramirez
Keyword(s):  
Lutzomyia Migonei

El desarrollo urbano ha causado una serie de transformaciones ambientales, que ha promovido la propagación de la leishmaniasis con la adaptación de los flebotomíneos transmisores. Este estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la presencia de flebotomíneos y evaluar factores epidemiológicos asociados a la transmisión de leishmaniasis en una zona urbana de Zea, Venezuela.  Se emplearon cinco métodos  de captura de  flebotomíneo en el interior de las viviendas en dos urbanizaciones en Zea, Venezuela. A través de un instrumento tipo encuestas, se determinaron las variables epidemiológicas asociadas a la transmisión de la leishmaniasis. Se demostró la presencia en el interior de la viviendas urbanas de Lutzomyia youngi, Lutzomyia spinicrassa, Lutzomyia migonei, Lutzomyia ovallesi, Lutzomyia walkeri, Lutzomyia venezuelensis,  Lutzomyia atroclavata  y Lutzomyia lichyi. El 62,5% de las especies capturadas en las áreas urbanizadas poseen hábitos de antropohematofagia. Se determinó un 67 % y 80% de infestación en las viviendas de las  urbanizaciones estudiadas. Se evidenció un bajo nivel de conocimiento en los pobladores principalmente sobre los flebotomíneos, lo cual incrementa el riesgo de domiciliación y  transmisión de la leishmaniasis. Se alerta a los entes encargados del control de dicha enfermedad a implementar las medidas preventivas y de educación necesaria.

scholarly journals Flebotomíneos de Timóteo, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil (Diptera: Psychodidae)

1997 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 767-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Dilermando Andrade Filho ◽  
Ana Paula Salgado Carneiro ◽  
Mauro Lucio Nascimento Lima ◽  
Rodrigo Martins Santiago ◽  
Marco Antônio Gama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Jersey ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Lutzomyia Migonei

Casos esporádicos de leishmaniose tegumentar têm ocorrido no Município de Timóteo, Minas Gerais, basicamente na população rural. Para conhecer a fauna de flebotomíneos da região, foram instaladas sete armadilhas luminosas de New Jersey na cidade, em sete diferentes bairros. As coletas foram realizadas no período de junho a outubro de 1994, dezembro de 1994 e janeiro a março de 1995, com um total de 3.240 horas por armadilha. Foram capturados 4.396 flebotomíneos, distribuídos em dois gêneros e vinte espécies: Brumptomyia cunhai, Brumptomyia nitzulescui, Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) whitmani, Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) intermedia, Lutzomyia quinquefer, Lutzomyia lenti, Lutzomyia (Pintomyia) fischeri, Lutzomyia migonei, Lutzomyia sallesi, Lutzomyia termitophila, Lutzomyia aragaoi, Lutzomyia borgmeieri, Lutzomyia (Psathyromyia) lutziana, Lutzomyia (Sciopemyia) sordellii, Lutzomyia (Pintomyia) pessoai, Lutzomyia (Trichopygomyia) longispina, Lutzomyia misionensis, Lutzomyia (Psychodopygus) davisi, Lutzomyia lanei, Lutzomyia (Pressatia) sp. A espécie L. (N.) whitmani foi a mais freqüente com 52,12%, seguida de L. (N.) intermedia com 34,10%, e ambas podem estar participando da transmissão de leishmaniose cutânea na região.

scholarly journals Ecology of Lutzomyia longipalpis and Lutzomyia migonei in an endemic area for visceral leishmaniasis

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaella Albuquerque Silva ◽  
Fabricio Kassio Moura Santos ◽  
Lindemberg Caranha de Sousa ◽  
Elizabeth Ferreira Rangel ◽  
Claudia Maria Leal Bevilaqua
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Leishmania Infantum ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽  
Sand Flies ◽  
Sampling Points ◽  
Lutzomyia Migonei

The main vector for visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Brazil is Lutzomyia longipalpis. However, the absence of L. longipalpis in a region of autochthonous VL demonstrates the participation of other species in the transmission of the parasite. Studies conducted in La Banda, Argentina, and São Vicente Férrer, Pernambuco State, Brazil, have correlated the absence of L. longipalpisand the presence of L. migonei with autochthonous cases of VL. In São Vicente Férrer, Pernambuco, there was evidence for the natural infection of L. migonei with Leishmania infantum chagasi. Thus, the objective of this work was to assess the ecology of the sand flies L. longipalpis and L. migonei in Fortaleza, an endemic area for VL. Insect capture was conducted at 22 sampling points distributed across four regions of Fortaleza. In total, 32,403 sand flies were captured; of these, 18,166 (56%) were identified as L. longipalpis and 14,237 (44%) as L. migonei. There were significant density differences found between the vectors at each sampling site (indoors and outdoors) (p <0.0001). These findings confirm that L. migonei and L. longipalpis are distributed throughout Fortaleza, where they have adapted to an indoor environment, and suggest that L. migonei may share the role as a vector with L. longipalpis in the transmission of VL in Fortaleza.

scholarly journals Flebotomíneos encontrados em galinheiros experimentais nos Estados de São Paulo e Minas Gerais (Brasil) e algumas observações ecológicas

1978 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almério de Castro Gomes ◽  
Ernesto Xavier Rabello ◽  
Eunice Aparecida Bianchi Galati
Keyword(s):  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Lutzomyia Migonei

Relata-se o encontro de várias espécies de Phlebotominae em galinheiros experimentais distribuídos nos municípios de Guaíra, Pariquera-Açu, Taquarituba, no Estado de São Paulo, e Frutal, Sacramento, no Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Assinala-se a colonização de Lutzomyia migonei (França, 1920), alguns dados sobre Psychodopygus intermedius (Lutz & Neiva, 1912), bem como, novos encontros.

scholarly journals Leishmaniose tegumentar americana na Ilha Grande, Rio de Janeiro: VI. observações sobre a freqüência horária e variação mensal dos transmissores

1981 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson A. de Araújo Filho ◽  
ítalo A. Sherlock ◽  
J. Rodrigues Coura
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Lutzomyia Migonei

Para estudo da freqüência horária dos principais vetores da Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana (LTA), na Ilha Grande, durante os anos de 1976 a 1977, foram realizadas 4 capturas de 24 horas com isca animal (cão), ao ar livre, e 5 capturas de 24 horas em um único domicilio da área. Observou-se que a espécie Lutzomyia intermedia ocorreu durante todo o período noturno, com densidade constante no domicílio humano, enquanto a espécie Lutzomyia migonei apresentou maiores densidades no período da madrugada, nas capturas com isca animal (cão). Em 156 horas de estudo sobre variação mensal, durante o período de março de 1976 a fevereiro de 1977, a espécie L. intermedia ocorreu durante todo o ano, sendo abril, maio, outubro e dezembro os meses de maior densidade; a espécie L. migonei apresentou-se com baixa densidade, chegando a desaparecer no mês de setembro. As elevadas densidades das espécies L. intermedia e L. migonei indicam-nas como as prováveis vetoras de LTA na Ilha Grande.

scholarly journals Phlebotomine sandfly species from an American visceral leishmaniasis area in the Northern Rainforest region of Pernambuco State, Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 1227-1232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Rosimery de Carvalho ◽  
Bruna Santos Lima ◽  
José Ferreira Marinho-Júnior ◽  
Fernando José da Silva ◽  
Hélio França Valença ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Leishmania Chagasi ◽  
Animal Shelters ◽  
Phlebotomine Sandfly ◽  
Phlebotomine Sandflies ◽  
Prevalent Species ◽  
Lutzomyia Migonei ◽  
Leishmania Parasites

The aim of this study was to identify the fauna of phlebotomine sandflies in an area with incidence of American visceral leishmaniasis (AVL) in São Vicente Férrer, a municipality (county) located in the northern Zona da Mata in Pernambuco State, Brazil. Sandfly captures were conducted monthly for four nights/month from December 2002 to November 2003, by means of manual captures (with a Shannon trap) and by CDC light traps. A total of 23,156 specimens of phlebotomines sandflies were collected in a remnant of the Atlantic rainforest, houses, and animal shelters. Lutzomyia complexa was the most prevalent species, with a frequency of 62.5% (14,445/23,156), followed by Lutzomyia migonei, with 33.2% (7,677/23,156). No Lutzomyia longipalpis (the main vector of Leishmania chagasi in Brazil and the Americas) was found in the target area. Some specimens were dissected, but no Leishmania parasites were found.

scholarly journals Ecological aspects of American cutaneous leishmaniasis: 4. Observations on the endophilic behavior of the sandfly and the vectorial role of Psychodopygus intermedius in the Ribeira Valley region of the S.Paulo State, Brazil

1986 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 280-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almério de Castro Gomes ◽  
Jair Lício Ferreira Santos ◽  
Eunice Aparecida Bianchi Galati
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Home Environment ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Epidemiological Analysis ◽  
American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Ecological Aspects ◽  
Artificial Environment ◽  
Vectorial Function ◽  
Lutzomyia Migonei

The invasive tendency of Psychodopygus intermedius in the home environment, observed initially by Forattini et al. (1976), has now been confirmed by the demonstration of its high endophilic ability and by the use of human residences for shelter. Populations such as Lutzomyia migonei and Pintomyia fischeri were also present in that environment, though their low densities registered during this investigation could be an indication of their poor ability to overcome the barriers raised by the artificial environment. An objective epidemiological analysis based on the variables here given showed that human infection takes place in the extraforest environment, and the principal vectorial function falls, without doubt, on P. intermedius.

scholarly journals Assessment of PCR in the detection of Leishmania spp in experimentally infected individual phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae)

2002 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 255-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Érika M. MICHALSKY ◽  
Consuelo L. FORTES-DIAS ◽  
Paulo F.P. PIMENTA ◽  
Nágila F.C. SECUNDINO ◽  
Edelberto S. DIAS
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Infected Individual ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Leishmania Braziliensis ◽  
Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽  
Leishmania Chagasi ◽  
Phlebotomine Sandflies ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Lutzomyia Migonei

DNA amplification by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was applied in the investigation of the presence of Leishmania (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) parasites in single phlebotomine sandflies. Three phlebotomine/parasite pairs were used: Lutzomyia longipalpis/Leishmania chagasi, Lutzomyia migonei/Leishmania amazonensis and Lutzomyia migonei/Leishmania braziliensis, all of them incriminated in the transmission of visceral or cutaneous leishmaniasis. DNA extraction was performed with whole insects, with no need of previous digestive tract dissection or pooling specimens. The presence of either mouse blood in the digestive tract of the sandflies or the digestive tract itself did not interfere in the PCR. Infection by as few as 10 Leishmania sp. per individual were sufficient for DNA amplification with genus-specific primers. Using primers for L. braziliensis and L. mexicana complexes, respectively, it was possible to discriminate between L. braziliensis and L. amazonensis in experimentally infected vectors (L. migonei).

scholarly journals Identificación rápida de Lutzomyia longipalpis a partir de cinco descriptores del aparato genital masculino

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
E. G. Llano ◽  
H. R Maidana ◽  
W. R. Cabrera ◽  
A. D. Báez ◽  
R. M. Ledesma
Keyword(s):  
El Paso ◽  
Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽  
Lutzomyia Migonei

El flebótomo Lutzomyia longipalpis es, hasta el momento, el vector comprobado de la leishmaniosis visceral canina. Capturas realizadas en Corrientes (Argentina) permitieron identificar a Lutzomyia neivai, vector de la leishmaniosis cutánea, así como a Lutzomyia migonei y Lutzomyia cortelezzii-sallesi, ambos considerados vectores secundarios de la leishmaniosis cutánea. Para el control epidemiológico resulta primordial la identificación del vector. Luego de la captura de los insectos, el paso más complicado es el reconocimiento de las distintas especies de Lutzomyia, para lo cual es necesario lograr el aclaramiento de sus estructuras y observarlo al microscopio prestando atención a los descriptores característicos y particulares de la especie. Existen aproximadamente 30 descriptores para identificar Lutzomyia longipalpis por la observación microscópica de su aparato genital masculino. El objetivo de este trabajo fue seleccionar cinco descriptores de fácil identificación, que en orden de importancia resultaron ser: setae diferenciadas del parámero, relación entre longitud del parámero y lóbulo lateral, forma y apariencia del coxito o basistilo, características y ubicación del mechón de setae del coxito y morfología de la bomba eyaculadora. La sencilla visualización de estos descriptores permite una rápida identificación taxonómica de la especie.

scholarly journals Leishmaniose tegumentar americana na Ilha Grande. Rio de Janeiro: V. Observações sobre a biologia dos transmissores em condiçoes naturais

1981 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson A. de Araújo Filho ◽  
Italo A. Sherlock ◽  
J. Rodrigues Coura
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Lutzomyia Migonei

Durante um surto de Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana (LTA) na Praia Vermelha, Ilha Grande, município de Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, foram coletados 4.192 exemplares de flebotomíneos em ambiente domiciliar e silvestre, com isca animal e outros abrigos naturais, durante o período de janeiro de 1976 a abril de 1977. Entre o total de 11 espécies coletadas encontraram-se 2.493 exemplares de Lutzomyia intermedia, 1.594 de Lutzomyia migonei e 105 exemplares de outras espécies. A L. intermedia apresentou densidade mais elevada no domicílio humano, enquanto a L. migonei apresentou coletas mais rendosas com iscas animais e galinheiros. O sinantropismo e a elevada densidade no ambiente domiciliar incriminam as espécies L. intermedia e L. migonei como as prováveis vetoras da LTA na Ilha Grande.

scholarly journals Development of Leishmania (Mundinia) in guinea pigs

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Bečvář ◽  
Padet Siriyasatien ◽  
Paul Bates ◽  
Petr Volf ◽  
Jovana Sádlová
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Sand Flies ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Wild Mammals ◽  
Reservoir Hosts ◽  
Lutzomyia Migonei

Abstract BackgroundLeishmaniasis is a human and animal disease caused by parasites of the genus Leishmania, which is now divided into 4 subgenera – L. (Leishmania), L. (Viannia), L. (Sauroleishmania) and L. (Mundinia). Subgenus Mundinia, established in 2016, is geographically widely dispersed, its distribution covers all continents, except Antarctica. It consists of 5 species - L. enriettii and L. macropodum are parasites of wild mammals while L. martiniquensis, L. orientalis and unnamed L. sp. from Ghana are infectious to humans. There is very little information on natural reservoir hosts and vectors for any Mundinia species. MethodsExperimental infections of guinea-pigs with all five Mundinia species were performed. Animals were injected intradermally with 107 culture-derived promastigotes into both ear pinnae. The courses of infections were monitored weakly; xenodiagnoses were performed at weeks 4 and 8 post infection using Lutzomyia migonei. The distribution of parasites in different tissues was determined post mortem by conventional PCR.ResultsNo significant differences in weight were observed between infected animals and the control group. Animals infected with L. enriettii developed temporary lesions at the site of inoculation and were infectious to Lu. migonei in xenodiagnoses. Animals infected with L. martiniquensis and L. orientalis developed temporary erythema and dry lesions at the site of inoculation, respectively, but were not infectious to sand flies. Guinea pigs infected by L. macropodum and L. sp. from Ghana showed no signs of infection during experiments, were not infectious to sand flies and leishmanial DNA was not detected in their tissue samples at the end of experiments at week 12 post-inoculation.ConclusionsAccording to our results, guinea pigs are not an appropriate model organism for studying Mundinia species other than L. enriettii. We suggest that for better understanding of L. (Mundinia) biology it is necessary to focus on other model organisms.

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