scholarly journals MÉTODOS ALTERNATIVOS ANTE LA VIOLACIÓN DE SUPUESTOS EN DISEÑOS DE EXPERIMENTOS FACTORIALES

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-335
Author(s):  
Aldo Richard Meza Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Factor B ◽  
Post Hoc

El objetivo de esta investigación fue comparar y probar diferentes métodos y alternativas para abordar diseños factoriales con efectos fijos, cuando no se cumplen los supuestos de normalidad u homogeneidad de varianzas. Se describió y probó 20 métodos investigados en la literatura como alternativa al ANOVA (análisis de varianza) clásico, incluyendo técnicas no paramétricas, métodos robustos, permutaciones, métodos para varianzas heterogéneas y transformaciones; los cuales están disponibles e implementadas actualmente en el software R. Los métodos fueron probados en un diseño factorial 3A2B, donde el factor A fue variedades de piña (Golden, Cayena Lisa y Hawaiana), el factor B tipo de manejo del cultivo (convencional y orgánico), y la variable de respuesta el porcentaje promedio de grados brix. Entre los métodos propuestos, 15 rechazaron la hipótesis de la interacción, y al comparar las tasas de error tipo I mediante simulaciones se encontró que los métodos de permutaciones, los métodos robustos, el ART, van der Waerder y el BDM arrojaron tasas de error por debajo del valor nominal. Al seleccionar el ART como alternativa para realizar la prueba post hoc, las mejores combinaciones de tratamientos fueron la variedad Lisa Cayena en el manejo orgánico y la variedad Hawaiana en el manejo convencional, obteniendo con estas combinaciones porcentajes de grados brix por encima de la media.

The Link Between Verbal Short-Term Memory and Anomia Treatment Gains

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 1039-1052
Author(s):  
Reva M. Zimmerman ◽  
JoAnn P. Silkes ◽  
Diane L. Kendall ◽  
Irene Minkina
Keyword(s):  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Language Performance ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Treatment Gains ◽  
Post Hoc

Purpose A significant relationship between verbal short-term memory (STM) and language performance in people with aphasia has been found across studies. However, very few studies have examined the predictive value of verbal STM in treatment outcomes. This study aims to determine if verbal STM can be used as a predictor of treatment success. Method Retrospective data from 25 people with aphasia in a larger randomized controlled trial of phonomotor treatment were analyzed. Digit and word spans from immediately pretreatment were run in multiple linear regression models to determine whether they predict magnitude of change from pre- to posttreatment and follow-up naming accuracy. Pretreatment, immediately posttreatment, and 3 months posttreatment digit and word span scores were compared to determine if they changed following a novel treatment approach. Results Verbal STM, as measured by digit and word spans, did not predict magnitude of change in naming accuracy from pre- to posttreatment nor from pretreatment to 3 months posttreatment. Furthermore, digit and word spans did not change from pre- to posttreatment or from pretreatment to 3 months posttreatment in the overall analysis. A post hoc analysis revealed that only the less impaired group showed significant changes in word span scores from pretreatment to 3 months posttreatment. Discussion The results suggest that digit and word spans do not predict treatment gains. In a less severe subsample of participants, digit and word span scores can change following phonomotor treatment; however, the overall results suggest that span scores may not change significantly. The implications of these findings are discussed within the broader purview of theoretical and empirical associations between aphasic language and verbal STM processing.

Abstract #295 GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Death From Any Cause in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Post-Hoc Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 80-81
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Toulis ◽  
Krishna Gokhale ◽  
G. Neil Thomas ◽  
Wasim Hanif ◽  
Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Receptor Agonists ◽  
Post Hoc

Abstract #245 Efficacy and Safety of Semaglutide in Elderly Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes: A Post Hoc Analysis of the Sustain 7 Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 51-52
Author(s):  
Vanita Aroda ◽  
Danny Sugimoto ◽  
David Trachtenbarg ◽  
Mark Warren ◽  
Gurudutt Nayak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Post Hoc

Zwangsstörung, frontostriatales System und Beeinflussung des serotonergen Systems

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Baving ◽  
M.H. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Kardiale Nebenwirkungen ◽  
Post Hoc

Zusammenfassung:Fragestellung: Forschungsschwerpunkte der letzten Jahre bei der Zwangsstörung waren zum einen die Beteiligung des frontostriatalen Systems an der Pathophysiologie, zum anderen die Wirkungsweise und Effektivität von Serotonin-Wiederaufnahmehemmern, welche im frontostriatalen System ihre spezifische Wirksamkeit bei der Zwangsstörung entfalten. Die Behandlungsverläufe jugendlicher, stationär behandelter Zwangspatienten wurden hinsichtlich der verwendeten Medikamente und ihrer Auswirkungen auf den Behandlungsverlauf untersucht. Methodik: Die Akten aller seit 1. 1. 1990 in der Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters in Mannheim zur stationären Aufnahme gekommenen Zwangspatienten wurden ausgewertet bezüglich Medikations-, Verlaufs- und Outcomeparametern. Ergebnisse: 5 Patienten brachen die Behandlung ab, 5 Patienten erhielten keine Medikation, 8 bekamen Sulpirid, 10 Clomipramin, 3 Fluvoxamin. Die mittlere Dauer des stationären Aufenthaltes war für die beiden mit Sulpirid und Clomipramin medizierten Gruppen länger als für die unmedizierte Gruppe, jedoch für die beiden Gruppen mit medikamentöser Behandlung fast gleich. Der Behandlungserfolg für die Zwangssymptomatik wurde in den beiden medizierten Gruppen als höher bewertet als in der nicht-medizierten Gruppe. Unter Sulpirid zeigten sich Gewichtszunahme, Müdigkeit und Prolaktinerhöhung, unter Clomipramin bei der Hälfte der Patienten kardiale Nebenwirkungen. Schlußfolgerungen: In dieser kleinen, nicht randomisiert und nicht unter doppelt-blind-Bedingungen medizierten Stichprobe zeigt sich in einer Post-hoc-Analyse keine unterschiedliche Effektivität von Clomipramin und Sulpirid. Die unter Clomipramin auftretenden Nebenwirkungen lassen an einen häufigeren Einsatz von selektiven Serotonin-Wiederaufnahmehemmern zur Steigerung der Medikamentencompliance denken.

Hostile and Hardened? An Experimental Study on (De-)Sensitization to Violence and Suffering Through Playing Video Games

2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frithjof Staude-Müller ◽  
Thomas Bliesener ◽  
Stefanie Luthman
Keyword(s):  
Video Games ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Physiological Measurement ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Downward Spiral ◽  
Spiral Model ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Game Violence ◽  
First Person Shooter ◽  
Physiological Reactions

This study tests whether playing violent video games leads to desensitization and increased cardiovascular responding. In a laboratory experiment, 42 men spent 20 min playing either a high- or low-violence version of a “first-person shooter” game. Arousal (heart rate, respiration rate) was measured continuously. After playing the game, emotional responses to aversive and aggressive stimuli - pictures from Lang, Bradley, and Cuthbert’s (1999) International Affective Picture System - were assessed with self-ratings and physiological measurement (skin conductance). Results showed no differences in the judgments of emotional responses to the stimuli. However, different effects of game violence emerged in the physiological reactions to the different types of stimulus material. Participants in the high-violence condition showed significantly weaker reactions (desensitization) to aversive stimuli and reacted significantly more strongly (sensitization) to aggressive cues. No support was found for the arousal hypothesis. Post-hoc analyses are used to discuss possible moderating influences of gaming experience and player’s trait aggressiveness in terms of the General Aggression Model ( Anderson & Bushman, 2001 ) and the Downward Spiral Model ( Slater, Henry, Swaim, & Anderson, 2003 ).

Response-Specific Scalp Distributions in Deception Detection and ERP Correlates of Psychopathic Personality Traits

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoinette R. Miller ◽  
J. Peter Rosenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Deception Detection ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
P300 Amplitude ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
P300 Component ◽  
Psychopathic Personality Inventory ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
First Time

Abstract University students were screened using items from the Psychopathic Personality Inventory and divided into high (n = 13) and low (n = 11) Psychopathic Personality Trait (PPT) groups. The P300 component of the event-related potential (ERP) was recorded as each group completed a two-block autobiographical oddball task, responding honestly during the first (Phone) block, in which oddball items were participants' home phone numbers, and then feigning amnesia in response to approximately 50% of items in the second (Birthday) block in which oddball items were participants' birthdates. Bootstrapping of peak-to-peak amplitudes correctly identified 100% of low PPT and 92% of high PPT participants as having intact recognition. Both groups demonstrated malingering-related P300 amplitude reduction. For the first time, P300 amplitude and topography differences were observed between honest and deceptive responses to Birthday items. No main between-group P300 effects resulted. Post-hoc analysis revealed between-group differences in a frontally located post-P300 component. Honest responses were associated with late frontal amplitudes larger than deceptive responses at frontal sites in the low PPT group only.

Post hoc scale construction

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Kosbab ◽  
Frank Bernieri ◽  
Andrew Geers ◽  
Paul Weiland ◽  
Brad Okdie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scale Construction ◽  
Post Hoc

Post Hoc Investigation of Factor Mixture Models

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle L. Cisler ◽  
Gitta H. Lubke
Keyword(s):  
Mixture Models ◽  
Post Hoc
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