URBAN DEVELOPMENT OF LENINGRAD IN THE 1920S-1930S

The study of the urban planning features of the development of Leningrad in the pre-war decade can serve to determine the preservation of the visual identity of urban planning ensembles of the historical and cultural heritage of the fi rst half of the 20th century. General plans 1935-1937 gave direction to design activities and large-scale construction in Leningrad for two decades. The basis of a systematic approach to the formation of the structure of the new development of Leningrad was the creation of a complex of urban planning ensembles that united the peripheral districts and focused on the traditions of Petersburg architecture. Are detected the architectural, compositional and spatial features of the organization of residential areas on the peripheral territory of Leningrad are being studied. The boundaries of the protection of ensembles and complexes of the 1920- 1930s, aimed at preserving the volumetric-spatial structure, as well as visual connections of the dominants and accents of the period under consideration, have been determined. The architectural principles of the formation and means of organizing the ensembles of the 1920s-1930s are revealed, the boundaries of the protection territories of objects are determined in the context of visual relationships.

Establishing an Operational Model of Rating Scale Construction for English Writing Assessment

Rating scales for writing assessment are critical in that they determine directly the quality and fairness of such performance tests. However, in many EFL contexts, rating scales are made, to certain extent, based on the intuition of teachers who strongly need a feasible and scientific route to guide their construction of rating scales. This study aims to design an operational model of rating scale construction with English summary writing as an example. Altogether 325 university English teachers, 4 experts in language assessment and 60 English majors in China participated in the study. 20 textual attributes were extracted, through text analysis, from China’s Standards of English Language Ability (CSE), theoretical construct of summary writing, comments on sample summary writing essays from 8 English teachers and their personal judgement. The textual attributes were then investigated through a large-scale questionnaire survey. Exploratory factor analysis and expert judgement were employed to determine rating scale dimensions. Regression analysis and expert judgement were conducted to determine the weighting distribution across all dimensions. Based on such endeavors, a tentative operational model of rating scale construction was established, which can also be applied and adapted to develop rating scales in other writing assessment. 

Sexual Assault Myths Acceptance in University Campus: Construction and Validation of a Scale

The study related to the myths of rape has been carried out since the 1980s at different scales. However, the interaction between the acceptance of these rape myths (myths related to sexual abuse) and the nightlife scene—where alcohol consumption becomes the epicenter of this particular context—has not been specifically evaluated. In this work, a questionnaire has been developed considering different scales. It has been tested online in a population of 367 first-year undergraduate students at the University of Alcalá (Spain). The results of the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, as well as the reliability ones, indicate the adequacy of the scale construction and validation process for the university student population. In addition, the results obtained, in line with the specialized literature, indicate that the consumption of alcohol and other drugs appear as justifying elements of sexual violence, exonerating the aggressors and perpetrating the victim.

Monitoring Algorithm of Stress Point of Concrete Penstock in Large Construction Engineering

With the rapid development of the national construction industry, cracks and other problems often appear in the concrete structure during the initial and subsequent construction. When these problems develop further, the structural safety of the entire building may be compromised. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the causes of cracks and other problems in concrete buildings, and be able to monitor and analyze these problems in time, and then propose reasonable solutions. This is already a problem that the entire construction technicians urgently need to solve. This paper studies the algorithm for monitoring stress points of concrete penstocks in large construction projects. Firstly, it uses literature research to explain the form of stress nodes in large-scale construction projects and the deficiencies in the research on the stress nodes of concrete penstocks in large-scale construction projects. In the experiment, the existing 3 algorithms are used to detect the force points, and compare their detection degree and false alarm rate. The experimental results show that the detection effect of the KNN algorithm is obviously inferior to the other two algorithms with the same neighbor parameters. Its detection rate is only 91%, and the false alarm rate reaches 30%. The other two algorithms are equivalent. The detection effect of the KNN algorithm is obviously inferior to the other two algorithms, the detection rate is poor, the outlier force points that are obviously deviating from the whole around the dense force points are not recognized, and the data of many normal force points located at the edge of the sparse area Instead, it was recognized as abnormal. Among the three algorithms, the detection rate of the NLOF algorithm is better, reaching 99%, which is significantly higher than the other two algorithms.

Measuring Civilian Moral Injury: A Comparison of the Psychometric Properties of Three Measures of Moral Injury among the General Population

Moral injury research has been expanded to populations beyond the military in recent years. A key barrier to further research into moral injury in civilian populations is the lack of valid, reliable measures of the construct appropriate for general civilian use. This paper addresses this barrier by exploring the psychometrics of three measures of moral injury in a general civilian sample: the Moral Injury Scale for Youth, and adapted versions of the Moral Injury Events Scale and Expressions of Moral Injury Scale-Military. A sample of civilian women (n = 192) and men (n = 88) completed a battery of questionnaires comprising the above measures, and additional scales designed to capture theoretically-supported correlates of moral pain, psychopathology, and wellbeing. Confirmatory factor analysis found that the factor structure of the three moral injury measures was replicated within our civilian sample. No scale showed significant association with age or gender, indicating discriminant validity. All measures correlated as predicted with measures of psychopathology and wellbeing at the total score level. Correlations of individual subscales with each of these measures were more varied, suggesting conceptual differences in how moral injury is experienced in civilian populations. Despite psychometric support, all three scales required error covariances for certain items to obtain satisfactory model fit and displayed problems in item wording which may inflate internal consistency and warrant further scale construction efforts for this population. Findings indicate that civilian populations also experience moral injury, but that existing measures may have certain problems capturing this effectively.

A Study on Application Initiative Development for Construction Management

The software application brings innovative ideas to develop the app and helps the small scale construction industries to works in the flow by progress. In the mode of android, iOS, and PC’s are a significant and its app develop to monitor labour task management, punch lists, transmitting funds features or data, over an electronic network. Application specifications provides users with valuable features such as, receive instructions from site, send requests for interpretations and retrieve information about projects. These transaction users occur employers to employees, employee to employer. The ultimate aim of this app is to acts as a Bridge of interlinks with the employees and employers to monitor, update, track and optimize. It can play a significant role in making successful app development are discussed with an explanation.

RIKEN Accelerator-driven compact Neutron systems, RANS project -RANS, RANS-II, III, RANS-μ-

RIKEN Accelerator-driven compact neutron source, RANS, has been operational since 2013. There are two major goals of RANS research and development. One is to establish a new compact low energy neutron non-destructive evaluation system on-site of floor-standing type for industrial use. Another goal is to invent a novel transportable compact neutron system for the preventive maintenance of large scale construction such as a bridge. For the realization of the preventive maintenance usage with neutron methods for non-destructive test of large scale structures on-site, “Standardization”, such as inclusion in manuals and inspection procedures, is essential. Technology research association for the infrastructure preventive maintenance standardization is established. RANS and RANS-II are in operation, and RANS-III, and RANS-μ, neutron salt-meter, are under development.