Sexual dysfunction in men and women with diabetes: a mirror of their complications?

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Sansone ◽  
Danielle Mollaioli ◽  
Giacomo Ciocca ◽  
Erika Limoncin ◽  
Elena Colonnello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Sexual Dysfunctions ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Background.: Diabetes mellitus (DM), one of the worldwide leading causes of death, is associated with a plethora of micro- and macro-vascular complications which should be carefully investigated and, in case, treated in order to improve quality of life and reduce the risk of premature mortality. Objective: To investigate and report current evidence in regards to the association between sexual dysfunction and diabetes. Methods: A detailed analysis of current literature has been performed on PubMed and Scholar in order to retrieve the most relevant findings pertaining to study topic. Results: Female and male sexual dysfunction often occur in the context of diabetes; while cardiovascular complications are clearly involved, psychosexological factors, endocrine complications, and endothelial dysfunction all contribute to the pathogenesis of sexual dysfunctions. Psychological symptoms are seldom investigated, yet should not be overlooked by the clinician; in fact, an interplay between sexual dysfunctions and depressive symptoms has been reported, and beneficial effects on both conditions might be obtained by adequate psychological support. Sexual dysfunctions can also act as early biomarkers of cardiovascular disease – a phenomenon frequently reported in men, in which erectile dysfunction predicts the development of coronary artery disease. Additionally, drug therapies can act in both directions, with treatments for diabetes possibly improving male sexual function and beneficial effects for cardiovascular health being reported for pro-erectile drugs. Conclusion: Sexual dysfunctions often occur in men and women with diabetes. Investigating micro- and macro-vascular complications might not be enough to prevent the development or worsening of any sexual dysfunction; endocrine and psychological assessment are therefore needed to provide the best chances for adequate treatment.

scholarly journals Dietary fibre and cardiovascular health: a review of current evidence and policy

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Elizabeth Louise Evans
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Lower Blood ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Small And Large Intestine

Dietary fibre comprises many different, mainly plant-based, compounds that are not fully digested in the human gut. Insoluble fibres include cellulose, hemi-celluloses and lignin and soluble fibres include pectins, β-glucan and hydro-colloids. In the UK, the daily recommended amount has increased to 30 g but only 13 % of men and 4 % of women meet this recommendation. Currently the mean intake for adults is 21 g for men and 17 g for women. There is a wealth of epidemiological evidence based on systematic reviews of trials and cohorts to support the higher fibre recommendation. This includes evidence of reductions in the risk for CVD (both heart disease and stroke) and lower risk of type 2 diabetes, lower blood pressure, lower LDL-cholesterol, as well as some cancers. Beneficial effects of fibre operate via a diverse range of mechanisms throughout the digestive system including the mouth, stomach and small and large intestine; some of which are still not completely understood. The updated recommendation for fibre is a long way from a typical British diet and requires several daily portions of fruit and vegetables and wholegrain foods. Improving dietary fibre intakes will require a variety of actions and policies from stakeholders; however, there is currently more of a focus on reducing sugar than increasing fibre. In order to increase the number of adults meeting the fibre recommendation, social marketing and labelling of high-fibre foods are warranted as well as reformulation and wider availability of wholegrain versions of popular foods.

scholarly journals The Role of Dietary Nitrate and the Oral Microbiome on Blood Pressure and Vascular tone

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-53
Author(s):  
H.S. Alzahrani ◽  
K.G. Jackson ◽  
D.A. Hobbs ◽  
J.A. Lovegrove
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Vascular Tone ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Dietary Nitrate ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Abstract There is increasing evidence for the health benefits of dietary nitrates including lowering blood pressure and enhancing cardiovascular health. Although commensal oral bacteria play an important role in converting dietary nitrate to nitrite, very little is known about the potential role of these bacteria in blood pressure regulation and maintenance of vascular tone. The main purpose of this review is to present the current evidence on the involvement of the oral microbiome in mediating the beneficial effects of dietary nitrate on vascular function and to identify sources of inter and intra-individual differences in bacterial composition. A systematic approach was used to identify the relevant articles published on PubMed and Web of Science in English from January 1950 until September 2019 examining the effects of dietary nitrate on oral microbiome composition and association with blood pressure and vascular tone. To date, only a limited number of studies have been conducted, with n=9 in humans and n=3 in animals focusing mainly on blood pressure. In general, elimination of oral bacteria with use of a chlorhexidine based antiseptic mouthwash reduced the conversion of nitrate to nitrite and was accompanied in some studies by an increase in blood pressure in normotensive subjects. In conclusion, our findings suggest that oral bacteria may play an important role in mediating the beneficial effects of nitrate-rich foods on blood pressure. Further human intervention studies assessing the potential effects of dietary nitrate on oral bacteria composition and relationship to real time measures of vascular function are needed, particularly in individuals with hypertension and those at risk of developing cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Investigating the basis of sexual dysfunction during late-onset hypogonadism

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tharu Tharakan ◽  
Saiful Miah ◽  
Channa Jayasena ◽  
Suks Minhas
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Testosterone Replacement ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Testosterone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Late Onset Hypogonadism ◽  
Relationship Of

Late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) is the term used to describe the decline in serum testosterone levels associated with increasing age in men above 40 years. A number of symptoms are attributed to LOH, but the most common association is that of sexual dysfunction. LOH has recently come under greater scrutiny with the widespread use of testosterone therapy, and concerns regarding the efficacy and safety of testosterone replacement therapy have been raised. In particular, the cardiovascular safety and the beneficial effects of testosterone replacement therapy on general health have been questioned. This review will give an overview of the current evidence for the relationship of LOH and male sexual dysfunction.

scholarly journals The Effects of Flavonoids on Cardiovascular Health: A Review of Human Intervention Trials and Implications for Cerebrovascular Function

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Rees ◽  
Georgina Dodd ◽  
Jeremy Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Blood Perfusion ◽  
Reduce Blood Pressure ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cerebrovascular Function ◽  
Intervention Trials ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Research has suggested a number of beneficial effects arising from the consumption of dietary flavonoids, found in foods such as cocoa, apples, tea, citrus fruits and berries on cardiovascular risk factors such as high blood pressure and endothelial dysfunction. These effects are thought to have a significant impact upon both vascular and cerebrovascular health, ultimately with the potential to prevent cardiovascular and potentially neurodegenerative disease with a vascular component, for example vascular dementia. This review explores the current evidence for the effects of flavonoid supplementation on human endothelial function and both peripheral and cerebral blood flow (CBF). Evidence presented includes their potential to reduce blood pressure in hypertensive individuals, as well as increasing peripheral blood perfusion and promoting CBF in both healthy and at-risk populations. However, there is great variation in the literature due to the heterogeneous nature of the randomised controlled trials conducted. As such, there is a clear need for further research and understanding within this area in order to maximise potential health benefits.

Testosterone deficiency in the aging male and its relationship with sexual dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Corona ◽  
Giulia Rastrelli ◽  
Valdo Ricca ◽  
Mario Maggi
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Close Link ◽  
Sexual Symptoms

Abstract: The relationship between age-associated dec-line of testosterone (T), cardiovascular (CV) risk and sexual dysfunction in males is not completely clear. The aim of the present study was to report our experience in a large series of patients seeking medical care for sexual dysfunction and comparing our results with current evidence.: Here, we review published data from our laboratory and reported data from a cross-sectional analysis on a consecutive series of 3149 patients seeking medical care at our Unit for sexual dysfunction (between 2000 and 2010). Among them, 1687 (studied between 2000 and 2007) patients were also longitudinally evaluated (mean follow-up 4.3±2.6 years) for forthcoming major cardiovascular events (MACEs). All major findings were discussed in comparison with data reported in the literature.: T levels were associated with a wide array of biological and psychological factors, which substantially differ as a function of age. Some of these associations were more evident in the youngest patients (psychological symptoms), whereas sexual symptoms, including erectile function, sexual desire and the frequency of sexual intercourse, were associated with T levels only in the oldest patients. We did not find any association between T and MACEs, whereas we reported a close link between CV mortality and low T. Both these observations are in line with data obtained in community-dwelling men.: T plays a crucial role in regulating different aspects of male sexual function. The effect of T on CV risk needs to be confirmed in larger epidemiological and interventional studies.

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