An Insight Data On Medication Safety in Accordance with Drug Complications Based On Automated Drug Dispensing System.

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandini Chaudhary ◽  
Harshita Gupta ◽  
Divya Dwivedi
Keyword(s):  
Medication Review ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Medication Safety ◽  
Pharmacy Practice ◽  
Drug Distribution ◽  
Patient Counselling ◽  
Drug Dispensing ◽  
Medication Reviews ◽  
Automatic Dose

: Automated dispensing systems have been applied for maintaining medication safety, improving drug distribution, and reducing the risk of medication errors in different pharmacy practice. Automation reduces the time which may authorize the pharmacists to take an interest all the more complete with direct patient consideration. Automated dispensing machines maintain equilibrium of accessibility, stock control of medications, and protection which were the main features of a safe medication distribution system. It is providing to patients with a high probability of unsuitable medication use however cannot be viewed as a patent medicine for every single such patient. It could lead to prompt the ceaseless rehashing of recommended treatments without the fundamental re-evaluation. It is in this manner proposed that automatic dispensing should be linked with medication review and regular patient counselling. Encourage the timely administration of drugs through expanding their access to patient care units and First-dose availability was improved in automated dispensing machines. Physicians allow treatment efficiently by providing convenient access to medications of critically ill patients for emergencies during and after pharmacy hours with automated dispensing machines. This investigation demonstrates that the nature of pharmacotherapy for patients with automated dose dispensing can be improved. It recommends that every patient with automatic dose dispensing ought to go through a careful medication review through prescribers and pharmacists. It focuses on the automatic drug dispensing effect of a medication review in patients. The ideal recurrence for conducting medication reviews and follow-up will likely contrast between individual patients.

scholarly journals For which patient subgroups does exist positive outcomes from a medication review? A systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1976
Author(s):  
Bjarke Abrahamsen ◽  
Rikke N. Hansen ◽  
Charlotte Rossing
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Medication Review ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Blood Pressure Lowering ◽  
Pressure Lowering ◽  
Medication Reviews ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Patient Subgroups

Background: A medication review is a possibility to assess and optimise a patient’s medicine. A model that includes a medication review and a follow-up seem to provide the best results. However, it is not known whether specific subgroups of patients benefit more from a medication review than others. Objective: This literature review summarises the evidence that is available on which patient subgroups exist positive outcomes from a medication review carried out in a primary care setting. Methods: We performed a PICO analysis to identify keywords for setting, medication review and effect. We then conducted a search using the PubMed database (2004 to 2019) to identify studies relevant for our investigation. A screening process was carried out based on either title or abstract, and any study that matched the aim and inclusion criteria was included. All matching studies were obtained and read, and were included if they met predefined criteria such as study design, medication review and primary care. The studies were divided into subgroups. First, each subgroup was divided according to the studies’ own definition. Secondly, each subgroup was allocated as either risk patients if the subgroup described a specific patient subgroup or risk medication, if the subgroup was defined as using a specific type of medication. This was done after discussion in the author group. Results: 28 studies from a total of 935 studies were included. Identified studies were divided into either risk patients; frail, recently discharged or multimorbid patients, or risk medication; heart medication, antithrombotic medication, blood pressure lowering medication, antidiabetic medication, anti-Parkinson medication or medication increasing the risk of falls. The subgroups identified from a medication review in primary care were defined as being frail, recently discharged from hospital or multimorbid (risk patients), or defined as patients using anticoagulant or blood pressure lowering medication (risk medication). Most of the medication reviews in the studies that showed an economic effect included at least one follow-up and were delivered by a pharmacist. Conclusions: The literature review demonstrates that medication reviews delivered by pharmacists to specific subgroups of patients are a way of optimising the economic effect of medication reviews in primary care. This is obtained by reducing health-related costs or the number of contacts with primary or secondary health care services.

scholarly journals An inventory of collaborative medication reviews for older adults - evolution of practices

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kiiski ◽  
M. Airaksinen ◽  
A. Mäntylä ◽  
S. Desselle ◽  
A. Kumpusalo-Vauhkonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Medication Review ◽  
Care Plan ◽  
Patient Needs ◽  
Common Criteria ◽  
Medication Reviews ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Medication Changes

Abstract Background Collaborative medication review (CMR) practices for older adults are evolving in many countries. Development has been under way in Finland for over a decade, but no inventory of evolved practices has been conducted. The aim of this study was to identify and describe CMR practices in Finland after 10 years of developement. Methods An inventory of CMR practices was conducted using a snowballing approach and an open call in the Finnish Medicines Agency’s website in 2015. Data were quantitatively analysed using descriptive statistics and qualitatively by inductive thematic content analysis. Clyne et al’s medication review typology was applied for evaluating comprehensiveness of the practices. Results In total, 43 practices were identified, of which 22 (51%) were designed for older adults in primary care. The majority (n = 30, 70%) of the practices were clinical CMRs, with 18 (42%) of them being in routine use. A checklist with criteria was used in 19 (44%) of the practices to identify patients with polypharmacy (n = 6), falls (n = 5), and renal dysfunction (n = 5) as the most common criteria for CMR. Patients were involved in 32 (74%) of the practices, mostly as a source of information via interview (n = 27, 63%). A medication care plan was discussed with the patient in 17 practices (40%), and it was established systematically as usual care to all or selected patient groups in 11 (26%) of the practices. All or selected patients’ medication lists were reconciled in 15 practices (35%). Nearly half of the practices (n = 19, 44%) lacked explicit methods for following up effects of medication changes. When reported, the effects were followed up as a routine control (n = 9, 21%) or in a follow-up appointment (n = 6, 14%). Conclusions Different MRs in varying settings were available and in routine use, the majority being comprehensive CMRs designed for primary outpatient care and for older adults. Even though practices might benefit from national standardization, flexibility in their customization according to context, medical and patient needs, and available resources is important.

Pharmaceutical Care in Community Pharmacies: Practice and Research in Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 1486-1493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Silveira de Castro ◽  
Cassyano Januário Correr
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Care ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Pharmacy Practice ◽  
Drug Distribution ◽  
Pharmaceutical Services ◽  
Pharmacy Education ◽  
Drug Dispensing ◽  
Brazilian Government ◽  
Pharmacy Curriculum ◽  
Research Incentives

Objective: To discuss the provision of pharmaceutical services and pharmaceutical care in Brazil. Findings: Professional training and pharmaceutical services are undergoing a period of restructuring in Brazil, including the adoption of incentives for pharmaceutical care. Some important national measures include the rational use of medications, evidence-based medicine, and pharmacovigilance. A new and more generalist pharmacy curriculum is being implemented and tailored for the Brazilian Public Health System; recently, the Brazilian government has provided resources for pharmaceutical care research. Discussion: A proposal for national consensus in Brazilian pharmaceutical care was published in 2002. The components of this proposal include drug dispensing, counseling, health education, symptoms advice, and pharmacotherapy follow-up. Pharmacy practice is currently focused on drug dispensing and logistic aspects of drug distribution. Professionals are satisfied with patients' confidence in being counseled by pharmacists and reveal interest in extending their role in patient care. Most pharmacy customers were originally unaware of the term “pharmaceutical care”; however, following an explanation, they showed an interest in this service. Furthermore, over 50% stated that they would pay for this service. Despite these initiatives, numerous barriers to the development of pharmaceutical care remain, the main ones being the commercial objective of most pharmacies that sell medications and the insufficient training of professionals. Although government-owned pharmacies also distribute medications, they do not meet all of the needs of the population and lack sufficient pharmacists. Conclusions: Several actions are required to stimulate the implementation and development of pharmaceutical care and services in Brazil. Recent research incentives in pharmaceutical care and reorientation of pharmacy education will contribute to this development.

scholarly journals Outcome prioritisation tool for medication review in older patients with multimorbidity: a pilot study in general practice

2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (660) ◽  
pp. e501-e506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jojanneke JGT van Summeren ◽  
Jan Schuling ◽  
Flora M Haaijer-Ruskamp ◽  
Petra Denig
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Medication Review ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Medication Change ◽  
Medication Reviews ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Medication Changes

BackgroundSeveral methods have been developed to conduct and support medication reviews in older persons with multimorbidity. Assessing the patient’s priorities for achieving specific health outcomes can guide the medication review process. Little is known about the impact of conducting such assessments.AimThis pilot study aimed to determine proposed and observed medication changes when using an outcome prioritisation tool (OPT) during a medication review in general practice.Design and settingParticipants were older patients with multimorbidity (aged ≥69 years) with polypharmacy (five or more chronic medications) from the practices of 14 GPs.MethodPatients were asked to prioritise four universal health outcomes — remaining alive, maintaining independence, reducing pain, and reducing other symptoms — using an OPT. GPs used this prioritisation to review the medication and to propose and discuss medication changes with the patient. The outcomes included the proposed medication change as documented by the GP, and the observed medication change in the electronic health record at follow-up. Descriptive analyses were conducted to determine medication changes according to the prioritised health outcomes.ResultsA total of 59 patients using 486 medications prioritised the four health outcomes. GPs proposed 34 changes of medication, mainly stopping, for 20 patients. At follow-up, 14 medication changes were observed for 10 patients. The stopping of medication (mostly preventive) was particularly observed in patients who prioritised ‘reducing other symptoms’ as most important.ConclusionUsing an OPT leads mainly to the stopping of medication. Medication changes appeared to be easiest for patients who prioritised ‘reducing other symptoms’ as most important.

scholarly journals Looking Ahead to 2030: Survey of Evolving Needs in Pharmacy Education

Pharmacy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Vassilios Papadopoulos ◽  
Dana Goldman ◽  
Clay Wang ◽  
Michele Keller ◽  
Steven Chen
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Pharmacy Practice ◽  
Drug Distribution ◽  
Management Training ◽  
Health Care Team ◽  
Pharmacy Education ◽  
Drug Costs ◽  
Leadership And Management ◽  
The Future

In order to keep pharmacy education relevant to a rapidly-evolving future, this study sought to identify key insights from leaders from a broad array of pharmacy and non-pharmacy industries on the future of the pharmacy profession, pharmaceutical sciences, and pharmacy education. Thought leaders representing a variety of industries were surveyed regarding their perspectives on the future of pharmacy practice, pharmaceutical science disciplines, and pharmacy education in seven domains. From 46 completed surveys, top challenges/threats were barriers that limit clinical practice opportunities, excessive supply of pharmacists, and high drug costs. Major changes in the drug distribution system, automation/robotics, and new therapeutic approaches were identified as the top technological disrupters. Key drivers of pharmacy education included the primary care provider shortage, growing use of technology and data, and rising drug costs. The most significant sources of job growth outside of retail and hospital settings were managed care organizations, technology/biotech/pharmaceutical companies, and ambulatory care practices. Needs in the industry included clinical management of complex patients, leadership and management, pharmaceutical scientists, and implementation science. Knowledge gaps were pharmacists not recognizing their value on the health care team, preparation to embrace and lead change, and expertise in data science and analytics. Pharmacy schools will need to address several disruptive trends to future-proof their curricula, including expanding patient management skills, leadership and management training, technology, and data analytics.

Recording Schedule II drug use in a decentralized drug distribution system

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-353
Author(s):  
Thomas W. Woller ◽  
Michael J. Roberts ◽  
Pamela A. Ploetz
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Drug Distribution

Pulmonary Manifestations of Rheumatoid Arthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
Keith J. Christensen ◽  
Mark A. Malesker ◽  
Nikhil Jagan ◽  
Douglas R Moore
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Needle Biopsy ◽  
Pulmonary Toxicity ◽  
Pharmacy Practice ◽  
Pulmonary Function Testing ◽  
Therapeutic Outcomes ◽  
Pulmonary Manifestations ◽  
Lost To Follow Up ◽  
Function Testing

Objective To describe the case of an 88-year-old male with rheumatoid arthritis who developed pulmonary manifestations. Treatment for his RA previously included various biologics, while at the time of pulmonary consultation included meloxicam, methotrexate, and abatacept. Following chest scans, bronchoscopy, needle biopsy, pulmonary function testing, and a thoracentesis, the diagnosis of pleural effusion and nodules associated with rheumatoid arthritis was determined. The patient was recommended to follow-up with the pulmonologist but was lost to follow-up because of nonpulmonary and nonrheumatoid arthritis complications. Settings Ambulatory clinic pharmacy practice, Community pharmacy, Consultant pharmacy practice. Practice Considerations Drugs used to treat rheumatoid arthritis may produce pulmonary toxicity similar to what is seen with the disease itself. Drug therapy may require modification if identified as an offending agent causing pulmonary manifestations. If fibrosing interstitial lung disease develops, the addition of nintedanib may need to be considered. Conclusion In order for pharmacists to better assist providers and patients and improve therapeutic outcomes, it is important for pharmacists to understand that pulmonary manifestations are common in patients having rheumatoid arthritis as well as with drugs used to treat rheumatoid arthritis.

scholarly journals Engaging hospital patients in the medication reconciliation process using tablet computers

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1460-1469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer E Prey ◽  
Fernanda Polubriaginof ◽  
Lisa V Grossman ◽  
Ruth Masterson Creber ◽  
Demetra Tsapepas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medication Review ◽  
Medication Safety ◽  
Medication Reconciliation ◽  
Adverse Drug Events ◽  
Medication List ◽  
Medication Discrepancies ◽  
Home Medication ◽  
Verbal Participation ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
Home Medication Review

Abstract Objective Unintentional medication discrepancies contribute to preventable adverse drug events in patients. Patient engagement in medication safety beyond verbal participation in medication reconciliation is limited. We conducted a pilot study to determine whether patients’ use of an electronic home medication review tool could improve medication safety during hospitalization. Materials and Methods Patients were randomized to use a toolbefore orafter hospital admission medication reconciliation to review and modify their home medication list. We assessed the quantity, potential severity, and potential harm of patients’ and clinicians’ medication changes. We also surveyed clinicians to assess the tool’s usefulness. Results Of 76 patients approached, 65 (86%) participated. Forty-eight (74%) made changes to their home medication list [before: 29 (81%),after: 19 (66%),p = .170].Before group participants identified 57 changes that clinicians subsequently missed on admission medication reconciliation. Thirty-nine (74%) had a significant or greater potential severity, and 19 (36%) had a greater than 50-50 chance of harm.After group patients identified 68 additional changes to their reconciled medication lists. Fifty-one (75%) had a significant or greater potential severity, and 33 (49%) had a greater than 50-50 chance of harm. Clinicians reported believing that the tool would save time, and patients would supply useful information. Discussion The results demonstrate a high willingness of patients to engage in medication reconciliation, and show that patients were able to identify important medication discrepancies and often changes that clinicians missed. Conclusion Engaging patients in admission medication reconciliation using an electronic home medication review tool may improve medication safety during hospitalization.

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