Nitrite as a Physiological Source of Nitric Oxide and a Signalling Molecule in the Regulation of the Cardiovascular System in Both Mammalian and Non-Mammalian Vertebrates

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Pellegrino ◽  
Maria L. Parisella
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Signalling Molecule

Age-Dependence in Alterations in Nitric Oxide Synthesis in Cardiovascular System during Adaptation to Physical Training

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Bazilyuk ◽  
Anatolii V. Kotsuruba ◽  
Lyubov. G. Stepanenko ◽  
Sergey A. Talanov ◽  
Yu. P. Korchak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthesis ◽  
Age Dependence

Nitric Oxide in Life and Death of Neutrophils

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (31) ◽  
pp. 5764-5780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana I. Galkina ◽  
Ekaterina A. Golenkina ◽  
Galina M. Viryasova ◽  
Yulia M. Romanova ◽  
Galina F. Sud’ina
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Neutrophil Apoptosis ◽  
High Biological Activity ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Signalling Molecule ◽  
Activated Neutrophils ◽  
Cell Death Mechanisms ◽  
Prostacyclin Synthase

Background: Nitric Oxide (NO) is a key signalling molecule that has an important role in inflammation. It can be secreted by endothelial cells, neutrophils, and other cells, and once in circulation, NO plays important roles in regulating various neutrophil cellular activities and fate. Objective: To describe neutrophil cellular responses influenced by NO and its concomitant compound peroxynitrite and signalling mechanisms for neutrophil apoptosis. Methods: Literature was reviewed to assess the effects of NO on neutrophils. Results: NO plays an important role in various neutrophil cellular activities and interaction with other cells. The characteristic cellular activities of neutrophils are adhesion and phagocytosis. NO plays a protective role in neutrophil-endothelial interaction by preventing neutrophil adhesion and endothelial cell damage by activated neutrophils. NO suppresses neutrophil phagocytic activity but stimulates longdistance contact interactions through tubulovesicular extensions or cytonemes. Neutrophils are the main source of superoxide, but NO flow results in the formation of peroxynitrite, a compound with high biological activity. Peroxynitrite is involved in the regulation of eicosanoid biosynthesis and inhibits endothelial prostacyclin synthase. NO and peroxynitrite modulate cellular 5-lipoxygenase activity and leukotriene synthesis. Long-term exposure of neutrophils to NO results in the activation of cell death mechanisms and neutrophil apoptosis. Conclusion: Nitric oxide and the NO/superoxide interplay fine-tune mechanisms regulating life and death in neutrophils.

scholarly journals Current approaches to measure nitric oxide in plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (17) ◽  
pp. 4333-4343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhaypratap Vishwakarma ◽  
Aakanksha Wany ◽  
Sonika Pandey ◽  
Mallesham Bulle ◽  
Aprajita Kumari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Reactive Intermediates ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Cellular Redox ◽  
Signalling Molecule ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Scavenging Enzymes ◽  
Important Signalling Molecule

AbstractNitric oxide (NO) is now established as an important signalling molecule in plants where it influences growth, development, and responses to stress. Despite extensive research, the most appropriate methods to measure and localize these signalling radicals are debated and still need investigation. Many confounding factors such as the presence of other reactive intermediates, scavenging enzymes, and compartmentation influence how accurately each can be measured. Further, these signalling radicals have short half-lives ranging from seconds to minutes based on the cellular redox condition. Hence, it is necessary to use sensitive and specific methods in order to understand the contribution of each signalling molecule to various biological processes. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on NO measurement in plant samples, via various methods. We also discuss advantages, limitations, and wider applications of each method.

The Role of Nitric Oxide in the Cardiovascular System

1996 ◽  
Vol 786 (1 Near-Earth Ob) ◽  
pp. 233-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
WEE SOO SHIN ◽  
HIROYUKI KAWAGUCHI ◽  
TOSHINOBU SASAKI ◽  
YUE PENG WANG ◽  
WEI DONG YANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Cardiovascular System

scholarly journals Nitric Oxide: An Attractive Signalling Molecule.

1995 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiko Aoki ◽  
Ikuo K. Takeuchi ◽  
Ryujiro Shoji
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Signalling Molecule

scholarly journals Mediation of inducible nitric oxide and immune-reactive lysozymes biosynthesis by eicosanoid and biogenic amines in flesh flies

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (01) ◽  
pp. 93-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amr A. Mohamed ◽  
Mona M. Ali ◽  
Moataza A. Dorrah ◽  
Taha T. M. Bassal
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Micrococcus Luteus ◽  
Insect Immunity ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Signalling Molecule ◽  
Flesh Flies ◽  
Biogenic Monoamine ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

AbstractNitric oxide (NO) plays various roles in insect immunity: as a cytotoxic component and as a signalling molecule; and immune-reactive lysozymes (IrLys) provide a first line of humoral immune functions against invading bacteria. Although there is considerable literature on eicosanoid and biogenic monoamine actions on insect immunity, there is no information on the role(s) of these chemicals in inducing NO and IrLys. We addressed this gap by challenging third instarSarcophaga(Liopygia)argyrostoma(Robineau-Desvoidy) with the Gram-positive bacteriumMicrococcus luteus. Here, we report that bacterial challenge induces elevation of NO and IrLys concentrations in haemocytes and in the fat body. The plasma pool content is comparatively low. Eicosanoid biosynthesis inhibitors (EBIs) lead to suppression of both NO and IrLys levels. Control larvae have low constitutive levels of NO and lysozyme concentrations. Octopamine (OA) elicits elevation of NO and IrLys concentrations. A similar effect is obtained by 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) for NO. These data indicate immune-mediating roles of eicosanoids, OA and 5-HT in NO and IrLys activities.

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