A Review on the Effects of New Anti-Diabetic Drugs on Platelet Function

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habib Yaribeygi ◽  
Stephen L. Atkin ◽  
Tannaz Jamialahmadi ◽  
Amirhossein Sahebkar
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Function ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Inhibit Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1 ◽  
Cardiovascular Benefit

Background: Cardiovascular complications account for the majority of deaths caused by diabetes mellitus. Platelet hyperactivity has been shown to increase the risk of thrombotic events and is a therapeutic target for their prevention in diabetes. Modulation of platelet function by diabetes agents in addition to their hypoglycemic effects would contribute to cardiovascular protection. Newly introduced antidiabetic drugs of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors may have anti-platelet effects, and in the case of SGLT2i and GLP-1RA may contribute to their proven cardiovascular benefit that has been shown clinically. Objective: Here, we reviewed the potential effects of these agents on platelet function in diabetes. Results and Conclusion: GLP-1RA and DPP-4i drugs have antiplatelet properties beyond their primary hypoglycemic effects. Whilst we have little direct evidence for the antiplatelet effects of SGLT2 inhibitors, some studies have shown that these agents may inhibit platelet aggregation and reduce the risk of thrombotic events in diabetes.

scholarly journals Treatment of type 2 diabetes: the stability of the effectiveness of hypoglycemic medications

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Tat'yana Morgunova ◽  
Valentin Fadeev
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1 ◽  
The Stability

This article is dedicated to the problem of glycaemic durability of drugs used in treatment of type 2 diabetes. The results of studies comparing durability of glycemic control as monotherapy or in combination of metformin with different drugs: dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, sulfonylurea, inhibitors of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 are shown. The article discusses the results of original research and meta-analysis.

scholarly journals Semaglutide (Rybelsus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reimbursement Team
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Treatment Cost ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1 ◽  
High Treatment

Clinical evidence suggests that Rybelsus should be reimbursed to treat type 2 diabetes in adults if it is used in addition to metformin or other antihyperglycemic agents and does not cost more than glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors. Rybelsus is more costly than most similar diabetes treatments. Rybelsus is expected to increase budgets by more than $38 million over 3 years. To account for the high treatment cost, the price of Rybelsus should be reduced. If Rybelsus is not reimbursed as an add-on treatment for patients with type 2 diabetes, there are several other alternative treatments available for these patients.

scholarly journals Adherence and persistence rates of major antidiabetic medications: a review

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Seung U. Lee ◽  
Howard Lee
Keyword(s):  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Receptor Agonists ◽  
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors ◽  
Persistence Rates ◽  
Baseline Characteristics ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1 ◽  
Baseline Hba1c Level

AbstractThe objective of this paper was to review the adherence and persistence rates of major antidiabetic medication classes (i.e., metformin, sulfonylureas, sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, insulin, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, and thiazolidinediones) by summarizing the major findings of the studies published since 2017. In addition, we reported the potential causes for low adherence and persistence of antidiabetic medications. Based on the literature, the highest rate of adherence and persistence was consistently observed in metformin users. Second to metformin were sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors. Injectable therapies such as insulin and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists trailed low on the adherence and persistence rates. To the best of our knowledge, no studies published since the year 2017 analyzed the adherence and persistence of thiazolidinediones independently. The most frequently cited cause for low adherence and persistence was the severity of adverse events. Baseline characteristics (e.g., baseline HbA1c level), demographic information (e.g., age, gender, or ethnicity), and comorbidity profiles also had significant impacts on adherence and persistence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Pharmacotherapy for patients with diabetes mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 766-775
Author(s):  
Joon Ho Moon ◽  
Soo Lim
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase ◽  
Antidiabetic Agents ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Renal Outcomes ◽  
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex, chronic illness requiring continuous medical care with multifactorial riskreduction strategies besides glycemic control. The pathophysiology of type 2 DM is characterized by a combination of insulin resistance in peripheral organs, including the liver, adipose tissues, and muscle, and inadequate insulin secretion from the pancreatic β-cells to compensate for insulin resistance, which eventually leads to β-cell failure. DM is accompanied by micro- and macro-vascular complications, including cardiovascular events and renal complications, resulting in high mortality rates. After insulin was first discovered in 1922, many antidiabetic agents including metformin, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, and α-glucosidase inhibitors have been developed. Among them, metformin is the preferred pharmacologic agent for the initial treatment of DM. Recently, novel antidiabetic agents, such as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, were introduced and are currently available for clinical practice. Studies with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors showed non-inferiority compared with placebo, in terms of cardiovascular safety. Some glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (liraglutide, semaglutide, albiglutide, and dulaglutide) showed favorable results in both cardiovascular and renal outcomes. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (empagliflozin, canagliflozin, and dapagliflozin) also showed beneficial effects on cardiovascular and renal outcomes. It is important for clinicians to study novel DM medications and prescribe them accordingly to improve patients’ clinical outcomes.

Adverse Effects Associated With Newer Diabetes Therapies

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwaranti F. Akiyode ◽  
Adebola A. Adesoye
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Health Care Practitioners ◽  
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

The increasing number of newer type 2 diabetes therapies has allowed providers an increased armamentarium for the optimal management of patients with diabetes. In fact, these newer agents have unique benefits in the management of type 2 diabetes. However, they are also associated with certain adverse effects. This review article aims to describe the notable adverse effects of these newer antidiabetic therapies including the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, and the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors. The adverse effects reviewed herein include pancreatitis, medullary thyroid carcinoma, heart failure, gastrointestinal disturbances, renal impairment, and genitourinary infections. More clinical data are necessary to solidify the association of some of these adverse effects with the newer diabetes agents. However, it is important for health care practitioners to be well informed and prepared to properly monitor patients for these adverse effects.

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